Toda i Sa rda , March 27, 2021 Hence hi pe i ion.

The lone a ignmen of e o ai ed in hi pe i ion i on he he o no he In e media e Appella e Co e ed in no

ling ha e ponden Ci of Manila ho ld be join l and e e all liable i h A ia ic In eg a ed Co po a ion fo he
inj ie pe i ione ffe ed.
C Sa e E ec eI a ce J dca I a ce O e I a ce J de ce I e a a Lega Re ce AUSL E c e
In compliance i h he e ol ion of J l 1, 1985 of he Fi Di i ion of hi Co (Rollo, p. 29) e ponden Ci of
Manila filed i commen on A g 13, 1985 (Rollo, p. 34) hile pe i ione filed i epl on A g 21, 1985 (Reno,
p. 51).
Rep blic of he Philippine The eaf e , he Co in he e ol ion of Sep embe 11, 1985 (Rollo, p. 62) ga e d e co e o he pe i ion and
SUPREME COURT e i ed bo h pa ie o bmi im l aneo memo anda
Manila
Pe i ione filed hi memo and m on Oc obe 1, 1985 (Rollo, p. 65) hile e ponden filed i memo and m on
SECOND DIVISION Oc obe 24, 1985 (Rollo, p. 82).
G.R. N . 71049 Ma 29, 1987 In he e ol ion of Oc obe 13, 1986, hi ca e a an fe ed o he Second Di i ion of hi Co , he ame
ha ing been a igned o a membe of aid Di i ion (Rollo, p. 92).
BERNARDINO JIMENEZ, pe i ione ,
. The pe i ion i imp e ed i h me i .
CITY OF MANILA a d INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, e ponden .
A co ec l fo nd b he In e media e Appella e Co , he e i no do b ha he plain iff ffe ed inj ie hen he
fell in o a d ainage opening i ho an co e in he S a. Ana P blic Ma ke . Defendan do no den ha plain iff
a in fac inj ed al ho gh he A ia ic In eg a ed Co po a ion ie o minimi e he e en of he inj ie , claiming
PARAS, .: ha i a onl a mall p nc e and ha a a a e e an, plain iff' ho pi ali a ion a he Wa Ve e an' Ho pi al
a f ee. (Deci ion, AC-G.R. CV No. 01387, Rollo, p. 6).
Thi i a pe i ion fo e ie on ce io a i of: (1) he deci ion * I a A a C AC-G.R. N . 013887-CV Be a di
Ji e e . A ia ic I eg a ed C ai a d Ci f Ma ila, c ** C F I a c Ma a, B a c XXII C Ca N . 96390
b a a ,b a a A a cI a C a ab a a a a ' a a C Re ponden Ci of Manila main ain ha i canno be held liable fo he inj ie ained b he pe i ione beca e
Ma a a a ab a a b a (2) a A a C Pa a M nde he Managemen and Ope a ing Con ac , A ia ic In eg a ed Co po a ion a med all e pon ibili fo
R c a (R , . 2).
damage hich ma be ffe ed b hi d pe on fo an ca e a ib able o i .
The di po i i e po ion of he In e media e Appella e Co ' deci ion i a follo :
I ha al o been a g ed ha he Ci of Manila canno be held liable nde A icle 1, Sec ion 4 of Rep blic Ac No.
WHEREFORE, he deci ion appealed f om i he eb REVERSED. A ne one i he eb en e ed 409 a amended (Re i ed Cha e of Manila) hich p o ide :
o de ing he defendan A ia ic In eg a ed Co po a ion o pa he plain iff P221.90 ac al medical
e pen e , P900.00 fo he amo n paid fo he ope a ion and managemen of a chool b , The Ci hall no be liable o held fo damage o inj ie o pe on o p ope a i ing f om he
P20,000.00 a mo al damage d e o pain , ffe ing and leeple nigh and P l0,000.00 a fail e of he Ma o , he M nicipal Boa d, o an o he Ci Office , o enfo ce he p o i ion of hi
a o ne ' fee . chap e , o an o he la o o dinance, o f om negligence of aid Ma o , M nicipal Boa d, o an o he
office hile enfo cing o a emp ing o enfo ce aid p o i ion .
SO ORDERED. (p. 20, Rollo)
Thi i e ha been laid o e in he ca e of Cit of Manila v. Teotico (22 SCRA 269-272 [1968]) he e he
The finding of e ponden Appella e Co a e a follo : S p eme Co a el led ha Rep blic Ac No. 409 e abli he a gene al le eg la ing he liabili of he Ci
of Manila fo "damage o inj o pe on o p ope a i ing f om he fail e of ci office " o enfo ce he
The e idence of he plain iff (pe i ione he ein) ho ha in he mo ning of A g 15, 1974 he, oge he i h hi p o i ion of aid Ac , "o an o he la o o dinance o f om negligence" of he Ci "Ma o , M nicipal Boa d, o
neighbo , en o S a. Ana p blic ma ke o b "bagoong" a he ime hen he p blic ma ke a flooded i h o he office hile enfo cing o a emp ing o enfo ce aid p o i ion ."
ankle deep ain a e . Af e p cha ing he "bagoong" he ned a o nd o e n home b he epped on an
nco e ed opening hich co ld no be een beca e of he di ain a e , ca ing a di and fo - inch nail, Upon he o he hand, A icle 2189 of he Ci il Code of he Philippine hich p o ide ha :
ck in ide he nco e ed opening, o pie ce he lef leg of plain iff-pe i ione pene a ing o a dep h of abo one
and a half inche . Af e admini e ing fi aid ea men a a nea b d g o e, hi companion helped him hobble P o ince , ci ie and m nicipali ie hall be liable fo damage fo he dea h of, o inj ie ffe ed b
home. He fel ill and de eloped fe e and he had o be ca ied o D . J ani a Ma ca do. De pi e he medicine an pe on b ea on of defec i e condi ion of oad , ee , b idge , p blic b ilding and o he
admini e ed o him b he la e , hi lef leg elled i h g ea pain. He a hen hed o he Ve e an Memo ial p blic o k nde hei con ol o pe i ion.
Ho pi al he e he had o be confined fo en (20) da d e o high fe e and e e e pain.
con i e a pa ic la p e c ip ion making "p o ince , ci ie and m nicipali ie ... liable fo damage fo he dea h
Upon hi di cha ge f om he ho pi al, he had o alk a o nd i h c che fo fif een (15) da . Hi inj p e en ed of, o inj ffe ed b an pe on b ea on" pecificall "of he defec i e condi ion of oad , ee , b idge ,
him f om a ending o he chool b e he i ope a ing. A a e l , he had o engage he e ice of one p blic b ilding , and o he p blic o k nde hei con ol o pe i ion." In o he o d , A . 1, ec. 4, R.A. No.
Bien enido Valde o pe i e hi b ine fo an agg ega e compen a ion of nine h nd ed pe o (P900.00). 409 efe o liabili a i ing f om negligence, in gene al, ega dle of he objec , he eof, hile A icle 2189 of he
(Deci ion, AC-G.R. CV No. 01387, Rollo, pp. 13-20). Ci il Code go e n liabili d e o "defec i e ee , p blic b ilding and o he p blic o k " in pa ic la and i
he efo e deci i e on hi pecific ca e.
Pe i ione ed fo damage he Ci of Manila and he A ia ic In eg a ed Co po a ion nde ho e admini a ion
he S a. Ana P blic Ma ke had been placed b i e of a Managemen and Ope a ing Con ac (Rollo, p. 47). In he ame i , he S p eme Co cla ified f he ha nde A icle 2189 of he Ci il Code, i i no nece a fo
he liabili he ein e abli hed o a ach, ha he defec i e p blic o k belong o he p o ince, ci o m nicipali
The lo e co decided in fa o of e ponden , he di po i i e po ion of he deci ion eading: f om hich e pon ibili i e ac ed. Wha aid a icle e i e i ha he p o ince, ci o m nicipali ha ei he
"con ol o pe i ion" o e he p blic b ilding in e ion.
WHEREFORE, j dgmen i he eb ende ed in fa o of he defendan and again he plain iff
di mi ing he complain i h co again he plain iff. Fo lack of fficien e idence, he In he ca e a ba , he e i no e ion ha he S a. Ana P blic Ma ke , de pi e he Managemen and Ope a ing
co n e claim of he defendan a e like i e di mi ed. (Deci ion, Ci il Ca e No. 96390, Rollo, p. 42). Con ac be een e ponden Ci and A ia ic In eg a ed Co po a ion emained nde he con ol of he fo me .

A abo e a ed, on appeal, he In e media e Appella e Co held he A ia ic In eg a ed Co po a ion liable fo Fo one hing, aid con ac i e plici in hi ega d, hen i p o ide :
damage b ab ol ed e ponden Ci of Manila.
 II Finall , Sec ion 30 (g) of he Local Ta Code a amended, p o ide :

Tha immedia el af e he e ec ion of hi con ac , he SECOND PARTY hall a he pain ing, The treasurer shall e ercise direct and immediate supervision administration and control over public
cleaning, ani i ing and epai of he p blic ma ke and alipapa and i hin nine (90) da he eof, markets and he pe onnel he eof, incl ding ho e ho e d ie conce n he main enance and pkeep
he SECOND PARTY hall bmi a p og am of imp o emen , de elopmen , ehabili a ion and of he ma ke and o dinance and o he pe inen le and eg la ion . (Empha i pplied.) (Rollo, p.
econ c ion of he ci p blic ma ke and alipapa bjec o p io app o al of he FIRST PARTY. 76)
(Rollo, p. 44)
The con en ion of e ponden Ci of Manila ha pe i ione ho ld no ha e en ed o go o S a. Ana P blic Ma ke
d ing a o m ea he i indeed n enable. A ob e ed b e ponden Co of Appeal , i i an e o fo he ial
co o a ib e he negligence o he ein pe i ione . Mo e pecificall a ed, he finding of appella e co aea
VI follo :
Tha all p e en pe onnel of he Ci p blic ma ke and alipapa hall be e ained b he SECOND ... The ial co e en cha i ed he plain iff fo going o ma ke on a ain da j o b bagoong. A
PARTY a long a hei e ice emain a i fac o and he hall be e ended he ame igh and c ome in a o e ha he igh o a me ha he o ne ill compl i h hi d o keep he
p i ilege a he e ofo e enjo ed b hem. P o ided, ho e e , ha he SECOND PARTY hall ha e he p emi e afe fo c ome . If he en e o he o e on he ba i of ch a mp ion and i inj ed
igh , bjec o p io app o al of he FIRST PARTY o di cha ge an of he p e en emplo ee fo beca e he o ne did no compl i h hi d , no negligence can be imp ed o he c ome .
ca e. (Rollo, p. 45). (Deci ion, AC-G. R. CV No. 01387, Rollo, p. 19).
VII A a defen e again liabili on he ba i of a a i-delic , one m ha e e e ci ed he diligence of a good fa he
of a famil . (A . 1173 of he Ci il Code).
Tha he SECOND PARTY ma f om ime o ime be e i ed b he FIRST PARTY, o hi d l
a ho i ed ep e en a i e o ep e en a i e , o epo , on he ac i i ie and ope a ion of he Ci p blic The e i no a g men ha i i he d of he Ci of Manila o e e ci e ea onable ca e o keep he p blic ma ke
ma ke and alipapa and he facili ie and con enience in alled he ein, pa ic la l a o hei co ea onabl afe fo people f e en ing he place fo hei ma ke ing need .
of con c ion, ope a ion and main enance in connec ion i h he ip la ion con ained in hi
Con ac . (lbid) While i ma be conceded ha he f lfillmen of ch d ie i e emel diffic l d ing o m and flood , i m
ho e e , be admi ed ha o dina p eca ion co ld ha e been aken d ing good ea he o minimi e he dange
The fac of pe i ion and con ol of he Ci o e bjec p blic ma ke a admi ed b Ma o Ramon Baga ing o life and limb nde ho e diffic l ci c m ance .
in hi le e o Sec e a of Finance Ce a Vi a a hich ead :
Fo in ance, he d ainage hole co ld ha e been placed nde he all in ead of on he pa age a . E en mo e
The e ca e a o e f om he con o e o e he Managemen and Ope a ing Con ac en e ed in o on impo an i he fac , ha he Ci ho ld ha e een o i ha he opening e e co e ed. Sadl , he e idence
Decembe 28, 1972 b and be een he Ci of Manila and he A ia ic In eg a ed Co po a ion, he eb indica e ha long befo e pe i ione fell in o he opening, i a al ead nco e ed, and fi e (5) mon h af e he
in con ide a ion of a fi ed e ice fee, he Ci hi ed he e ice of he aid co po a ion o nde ake inciden happened, he opening a ill nco e ed. (Rollo, pp. 57; 59). Mo eo e , hile he e a e finding ha
he ph ical managemen , main enance, ehabili a ion and de elopmen of he Ci ' p blic ma ke d ing flood he endo emo e he i on g ill o ha en he flo of a e (Deci ion, AC-G.R. CV No. 0 1387;
and' Talipapa ' bjec o he con ol and pe i ion of he Ci . Rollo, p. 17), he e i no ho ing ha ch p ac ice ha e e been p ohibi ed, m ch le penali ed b he Ci of
Manila. Nei he a i ho n ha an ign had been placed he eabo o a n pa e b of he impending
dange .
I i belie ed ha he e i no hing incong o in he e e ci e of he e po e i -a- i he e i ence of To ecapi la e, i appea e iden ha he Ci of Manila i like i e liable fo damage nde A icle 2189 of he
he con ac , ina m ch a the Cit retains the po er of supervision and control over its public markets Ci il Code, e ponden Ci ha ing e ained con ol and pe i ion o e he S a. Ana P blic Ma ke and a o -
and talipapas under the terms of the contract. (E hibi "7-A") (Empha i pplied.) (Rollo, p. 75). fea o nde A icle 2176 of he Ci il Code on a i-delic
In fac , he Ci of Manila emplo ed a ma ke ma e fo he S a. Ana P blic Ma ke ho e p ima d i o ake Pe i ione had he igh o a me ha he e e e no opening in he middle of he pa age a and if an , ha
di ec pe i ion and con ol of ha pa ic la ma ke , mo e pecificall , o check he afe of he place fo he he e e ade a el co e ed. Had he opening been co e ed, pe i ione co ld no ha e fallen in o i . Th he
p blic. negligence of he Ci of Manila i he p o ima e ca e of he inj ffe ed, he Ci i he efo e liable fo he inj
ffe ed b he pe i- 4 pe i ione .
Th he A . Chief of he Ma ke Di i ion and Dep Ma ke Admini a o of he Ci of Manila e ified a
follo : Re ponden Ci of Manila and A ia ic In eg a ed Co po a ion being join o -fea o a e olida il liable nde
A icle 2194 of he Ci il Code.
Co Thi ma ke ma e i an emplo ee of he Ci of Manila?
PREMISES CONSIDERED, he deci ion of he Co of Appeal i he eb MODIFIED, making he Ci of Manila
M . Ym on Ye , Yo Hono . and he A ia ic In eg a ed Co po a ion olida il liable o pa he plain iff P221.90 ac al medical e pen e , P900.00
fo he amo n paid fo he ope a ion and managemen of he chool b , P20,000.00 a mo al damage d e o
Q Wha a e hi f nc ion ?
pain, ffe ing and leeple nigh and P10,000.00 a a o ne ' fee .
A Di ec pe i ion and con ol o e he ma ke a ea a igned o him."(T. .n.,pp. 41-42,
SO ORDERED.
Hea ing of Ma 20, 1977.)
Fernan (Chairman), Gutierre , Jr., Padilla, Bidin and Cortes JJ., conc .

Co A fa a o kno he e i o i he e an pecific emplo ee a igned i h he a k

of eeing o i ha he S a. Ana Ma ke i afe fo he p blic? F
M . Ym on Ac all , a I a ed, Yo Hono , ha he S a. Ana ha i o n ma ke ma e . * Penned b J ice Jo ge R. Co ia and conc ed in b J ice Ma iano A. Zo a, Flo eliana Ca o-
The primar dut of that market master is to make the direct supervision and control of Ba olome, and Bien enido C. Eje ci o.
that particular market, he check o e if ing he he he place i afe fo p blic afe i
e ed in he ma ke ma e . (T. .n., pp. 2425, Hea ing of J l 27, 1977.) (Empha i ** W i en b J dge Amado T. Vallejo .
pplied.) (Rollo, p. 76).
T La P c -A a La F a