Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________

STE-GE–Q2–W5-15

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

PASAY CITY WEST HIGH SCHOOL

MODULE IN GEOMETRY
STE- Grade 8
Second Quarter/ Week 5/ Day 3

OBJECTIVE: Illustrates the properties of a parallelogram.

YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

• Illustrating the Properties of a Parallelogram.

In this lesson, we will explore a four-sided figure in the form of a parallelogram. It

has different properties that are useful in mechanical design, robotics, automotive
industry and toy making.

TRY TO DISCOVER!

Recall that a parallelogram is a quadrilateral whose both pairs of opposite sides are
parallel. (Recall the different parts of a parallelogram)

Properties of a Parallelogram
1. The opposite angles are congruent. ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷; ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐶
2. Any two consecutive angles are 𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝐵 = 180°
supplementary. 𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝐶 = 180°
𝑚∠𝐶 + 𝑚∠𝐷 = 180°
𝑚∠𝐵 + 𝑚∠𝐷 = 180° 𝐴𝐶́ // ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ 𝐵𝐷, ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 // ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷
3. Each diagonal of a parallelogram
divides it into two congruent triangles. If ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐷 is a diagonal of ▱𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷, then ∆𝐴𝐶𝐷 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐵𝐷
4. The two opposite sides are congruent. 𝐴𝐶 ̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐵𝐷 ̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐶𝐷
̅̅̅̅ ; 𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅;
5. The diagonals of a parallelogram ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
If 𝐴𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵𝐶 are the diagonals of ▱𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷,
bisect each other. then ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝑂 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝑂 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝑂 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑂.

ARE YOU READY TO PRACTICE!

A. The figure at the right shows 𝑳𝑶𝑹𝒀, a

parallelogram.

1. Name two pairs of congruent angles.

2. Name two pairs of congruent sides.
3. Name the pairs of supplementary angles.
4. Name pairs of congruent segments that are not sides.
5. If 𝑚∠𝐿𝑌𝑅 = 105, find 𝑚∠𝐿𝑂𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝑂𝐿𝑌.
6. If 𝑚∠𝑅𝑌𝑂 = 45, find 𝑚∠𝐿𝑂𝑌.

Answers:
1. ∠𝑌𝐸𝑅 and ∠𝑂𝐸𝐿, ∠𝑌𝐸𝐿 and ∠𝑂𝐸𝑅
̅̅̅̅, 𝑌𝑅
̅̅̅̅ and 𝑅𝑂
2. 𝑌𝐿 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ and 𝐿𝑂
3. ∠𝑌 and ∠𝑅, ∠𝑅 and ∠𝑂, ∠𝑂 and ∠𝐿, ∠𝐿 and ∠𝑌
𝑌𝐸 and ̅̅̅̅
4. ̅̅̅̅ 𝑂𝐸 , ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐸 and ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝐸
5. 𝑚∠𝐿𝑂𝑅 = 105, 𝑚∠𝑂𝐿𝑌 = 75
6. 𝑚∠𝐿𝑂𝑌 = 45.
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

B. From the figure, 𝑀𝑁𝑂𝑃 is parallelogram. State the reason that justifies each conclusion.
1. ∠𝑂𝑀𝑁 ≅ ∠𝑁𝑃𝑂
̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑀𝐻
2. 𝑃𝐻 ̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑁𝐻
̅̅̅̅̅, 𝑂𝐻 ̅̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅̅
3. 𝑀𝑂 ≅ 𝑁𝑃 ̅̅̅̅
4. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑁 ≅ 𝑂𝑃 ̅̅̅̅

Answers:
1. Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent.
2. Diagonals bisect each other.
3. Opposite angles are congruent.
4. Opposite sides are congruent.

C. From the same figure in B, complete each statement below.

1. If 𝑂𝑁 = 30, 𝑁𝐻 = _________
2. If 𝑂𝑃 = 40, 𝑀𝑁 = _________
3. If 𝑚∠𝑀𝑂𝑃 = 80, 𝑚∠𝑃𝑁𝑀 = _________
4. If 𝑀𝐻 = 13, 𝑀𝑃 = ________
5. If 𝑚∠2 = 35, 𝑚∠3 = ________
6. If 𝑚∠𝑂𝑀𝑁 = 140, 𝑚∠1 = 25, 𝑚∠2 = ________

Answers:
1. 15 4. 26
2. 40 5. 35
3. 80 6. 15

PRACTICE EXERCISE 1

Determine whether or not each of the following statements is true about the
parallelogram below. State Yes or No.

̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝐵𝐷
1. 𝐵𝐶 ̅̅̅̅ _________________
̅̅̅̅
2. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐷̅̅̅̅ _________________
̅̅̅̅
3. 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐴𝐷̅̅̅̅ _________________
4. ∆𝐵𝐸𝐴 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐸𝐷 _________________
5. ∆𝐵𝐸𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐵𝐸𝐴 _________________
6. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐸 ≅ 𝐷𝐸̅̅̅̅ _________________
𝐵𝐷 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
7. ̅̅̅̅ 𝐴𝐶 _________________
̅̅̅̅ _________________
8. 𝐸 is the midpoint of 𝐵𝐷
9. 𝐸 is the midpoint of ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 _________________
10. ∠𝐵𝐸𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷𝐸𝐴 _________________

PRACTICE EXERCISE 2:

Quadrilateral 𝑴𝑵𝑺𝑷 is a parallelogram. Diagonals ̅̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅̅ intersect at 𝑶.

𝑴𝑺 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑷𝑵

1. If 𝑀𝑆 = 18, find 𝑀𝑂 and 𝑆𝑂. __________

2. If 𝑃𝑂 = 9.5, what is 𝑃𝑁? __________
3. If 𝑃𝑁 = 21, find 𝑃𝑂. __________
4. If 𝑃𝑁 + 𝑀𝑆 = 35, and 𝑀𝑂 = 7.5, find 𝑀𝑆 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃𝑁. _________
5. If 𝑀𝑂 = 2𝑥 + 2 and 𝑆𝑂 = 𝑥 + 7, find 𝑀𝑆. __________
6. If 𝑀𝑁 = 8𝑥 + 4 and 𝑃𝑆 = 9𝑥, what is 𝑁𝑀 and 𝑆𝑃? ________
7. If 𝑀𝑃 = 11𝑥 + 1 and 𝑁𝑆 = 14𝑥 − 2, find 𝑃𝑀 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆𝑁. ______
8. If 𝑚∠𝑀𝑁𝑃 = 40°, what is 𝑚∠𝑁𝑃𝑆? _________
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

SUMMING UP

A parallelogram is a quadrilateral whose both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.

Properties of a Parallelogram

• The opposite angles are congruent.

• Any two consecutive angles are supplementary.
• Each diagonal of a parallelogram divides it into two congruent triangles.
• The two opposite sides are congruent.
• The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.

PRACTICE EXERCISE 3:

Complete each statement about ▱𝑳𝑶𝑽𝑬.

̅̅̅̅ = 2𝑥 − 3, 𝐸𝑉
1. If 𝐿𝑂 ̅̅̅̅ = _________
̅̅̅̅ = 𝑥 + 6, 𝐿𝑂

2𝑥 2
2. If ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ = 𝑥 , 𝑥 = _________, ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑉 = 3 , 𝐿𝐸 𝑂𝑉 = _________
3

𝐿𝐸 = 16, ̅̅̅̅
3. If ̅̅̅̅ 𝑂𝑉 = 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 = _________

4. If 𝑚∠𝐸 = 2𝑥 − 5, 𝑚∠𝐿 = 3𝑥 + 15, 𝑥 = _________ 𝑚∠𝐸 = _________

𝑚∠𝐿 = ________

5. If 𝑚∠𝐸 = 4𝑥 − 10, 𝑚∠𝑂 = 2𝑥 + 18, 𝑥 = _________, 𝑚∠𝐸 = _________

Integrated the Development of the Following Learning Skills:

➢ Communication Skills
A. Understanding of words / vocabulary: parallelogram, properties, diagonals, opposite angles
B. Following instructions / directions:
C. Reasoning
D. Responding to ideas
➢ Critical Thinking 4. Character
A. Observation A. Honesty
B. Analysis B. Accuracy
C. Explanation C. Working Independently
➢ Creativity D. Patience
➢ Problem Solving
➢ Writing

EVALUATION:

Read each question carefully. Choose the letter that corresponds to the best
answer.

1. Which is not a property of a parallelogram?

A. The opposite sides are parallel and congruent.

B. The opposite angles are congruent.
C. The diagonals bisect each other.
D. The opposite angles are supplementary.
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

2. Quadrilateral MATH is a parallelogram. If 𝑚∠𝐴 = 78, what is 𝑚∠𝐻?

A. 102 C. 80
B. 95 D. 78

3. Quadrilateral DLSU is a parallelogram. If its perimeter is 42 cm and DL = 12 cm, what

is the length of LS?

A. 9 cm C. 7 cm
B. 8 cm D. 6 cm

4. N is the midpoint of AC and BD, thus quadrilateral ABCD is a parallelogram. Why?

A. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐷 C. because ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐶
B. because ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 bisects ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐷 D. because ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 // ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐶

5. The difference between the measures of ∠𝑆 and ∠𝑅 of parallelograsm PQRS is 70.

What is the measure of ∠𝑃?

A. 148 C. 77
125o and 55o
B. 134 D. 23

Prepared by:

Digna B. de Leon
Pasay City West High School

References for Further Enhancement:

1. Geometry Textbook for Third Year by Julieta G. Bernabe, et.al., pages 124 - 126
2. Geometry by Virgilio L. Lopez, pages 59 - 60