Experiment NO.

(2)
Mini-project
Moving Body Distance Calculation System

Objectives:

The goal of the project is a protection and safety system for banks, prisons and
others, as it enables the system operator to monitor and know moving objects and
their distance from the protected place through a motion and distance sensor and
give alerts to any moving object via the LCD screen and as soon as the body
approaches the system sounds through the beep and turn the red light on .

 Learn how to use PIR sensor (HC-SR501)

 Learn how to connect LCD + Piezo + PIR (Passive Infrared)and ping sensors
 Learn how to use KS2E-M-DC5 relay
 Learn how separate between the controlling side and the power supplying side

Equipment:
1. Arduino Uno
2. Jumper wires (female-male) and (male-male)
3. PIR Senor (HC-SR501)
4. Piezo for alarming
5. 16X2 LCD screen
6. Relay LU-5-R
7. ping ultrasonic sensor
8. Red LED
9. Ping sensor
10. Power supply
11. Resistors

About PIR sensor:

A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic sensor that

measures infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. ...
They work entirely by detecting infrared radiation (radiant heat) emitted by or
reflected from objects.

PIR sensors allow you to sense motion, almost always used to detect
whether a human has moved in or out of the sensors range. They are
small, inexpensive, low-power, easy to use and don't wear out. For that
reason they are commonly found in appliances and gadgets used in
homes or businesses. They are often referred to as PIR, "Passive
Infrared", "Pyroelectric", or "IR
 PIR Sensor Working Principle

The passive infrared sensor does not radiate energy to space. It receives
the infrared radiation from the human body to make an alarm. Any
object with temperature is constantly radiating infrared rays to the
outside world. The surface temperature of the human body is between
36° C - 27 ° C and most of its radiant energy concentrated in the
wavelength range of 8 um-12 um.

PIR Sensor Features

 Wide range on input voltage varying from 4.V to 12V (+5recommended)

 Output voltage is High/Low (3.3V TTL)
 Can distinguish between object movement and human movement
 Has to operating modes - Repeatable(H) and Non- Repeatable(H)
 Cover distance of about 120° and 7 meters
 Low power consumption of 65mA
 Operating temperature from -20° to +80° Celsius

PIR Sensor Applications

 Automatic Street/Garage/Warehouse or Garden Lights

 Burglar Alarms
 Security cams as motion detectors
 Industrial Automation Control

About LU-5-R relay

It is an electromechanical switch that opens and closes an internal electric

circuit by passing an electric current sufficient to generate a magnetic field to
attract the connection points and is not judged by hand
Procedure :
The goal of the project is a protection and safety system for banks, prisons and
others, as it enables the system operator to monitor and know moving objects and
their distance from the protected place through a motion and distance sensor and
give alerts to any moving object via the LCD screen and as soon as the body
approaches the system sounds through the beep and turn the red light on .
References:
- Arduino project hub
-wikipedia

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