MOTION DETECTION BASED

SECURITY ALARM

GROUP MEMBERS

NAME
SAP ID
1.Maheen 39100
2.Zainab Shafqat 35818
ABSTRACT
In this project, Passive Infrared sensor “PIR” based security system is introduced. The whole
idea of this system is to provide security. The PIR sensor is responsible for detecting the change
in infrared radiation levels when an intruder or human is passed through the system or space
where it is arranged. Depending on the change in radiation levels the change in voltages occurs
and then with this voltage the signal is amplified and hence the sound will be produced. Thus, it
is helpful in various applications and areas . This type of system has many advantages compared
to the existing system. 

INTRODUCTION
In general, a normal electronic security system comprises of a transmitter and a receiver. Here
the transmitter is used to send or transmit an IR laser, and this is received by the receiver.
When an intruder walks or pass through the device the IR beam is cut and hence the alarm will
be activated. But this type of system has disadvantages like limited range of signal and poor line
of sight. These disadvantages can be eliminated using PIR sensor. PIR sensor-based security
system is a wireless security system in which pyro electric infrared motion sensors are placed in
four sides I. E front, back, left, and right of the area to be covered. By this it can detect motion
from any side and turns on the audio-visual alarm. It also displays the side where the motion
(intruder) is detected. Here all sensors send signals to the central controller circuit wirelessly.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The main aim and objective of this project is to develop a Passive Infrared sensor “PIR” based
security system. The objective of the developed PIR sensor is to make sure that it detects the
change in infrared radiation levels when an intruder or human is passed through the system or
space where it is arranged. Depending on the change in radiation levels, voltage is expected to
change and then with this voltage the signal is amplified and hence the sound will be produced.
We are using an IR based motion sensor. All objects radiate some amount of heat and infrared
waves can detect temperature. The PIR motion sensor is expected to detect the presence of a
person or object by detecting the change in temperature of an area. As a result, the buzzer is
expected to go off. If the output of the sensor is high, the buzzer is activated.

COMPONENTS USED FOR THIS PROJECT

Major components of this system are
 Buzzer
 PIR sensor
 Diodes
 LED
 Transistor
 veroboard
 Jumper Wires
  potentiometer

PROJECT DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY

HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION EXPLANATION

• The basic principle, when a human or warm-blooded animal comes to a radius of about
3 to 5 meters. This circuit detects infrared radiation from theirs and sends an alarm.
• It is one type of electronic device. It detects infrared radiation from an object. Through
the optical integration device into a “Pyro Electric” inside.
• They will convert the heat energy from infrared radiation into electrical energy.
Although, a little Infrared, PIR also can detect infrared and temperature waves.
• When a signal from an Infrared PIR Sensor module comes to the circuit, it is a 3V peak
voltage.
• LED glows up ensuring that the circuit is working. Some currents from the emitter of Q1
flows to LED. And R1 limits current to LED D1.
• The signal is sent to the buzzer through the transistor Q1 and the buzzer BUZ1 goes off.

CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK

• Also used in toys that automatically produce sound.
• To protect the lockers in banks from robbery.
• This system can also be used in our universities to detect the arrival of students in any classes
and can also allow teachers to check whether a student has left the class or not because
sometimes teachers are not paying attention to some students and the students leave the class
at that time so the buzzer will go off if a student tries to leave the class, making the teacher
aware of this activity.

FEATURES
 It is very cheap and affordable.
 It is efficient and portable that means we can place this circuit at any place easily.

 Very easy to use.

 Maintenance cost is low.
Hereby we come to an end of or project “MOTION DETECTION USING PIR SENSOR”. This
project gives us an idea to detect the motion. This project can be used anywhere either at
home or offices. This is also cost efficient. Thus, by this attempt of ours, this circuit can be used
as a protecting device and can be used for security also. It can be used as a kind of antitheft
device. It is very much cost efficient and can be used easily and efficiently.