1.

INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND:

1.1 Background:
Need of security is the basic necessity of any individual.The feeling that we are safe and everything
around us is all right is imperative for a peaceful living .But in this unsafe world,when crime
,terror,treats are on their peak ,how can one attain that sense of security ?So,security is one of the most
important factors today. Security is the main concern for Various buildings, houses and offices.
And there are so many security systems in today’s world. From stone age to modern age humans
always seek protection for themselves and their family.

In the history of home security, there are many evidences which shows that mankind has needed
protection of some form or another and they couldn’t always stay awake with a weapon to do job
themselves. Roman civilization had concept of door locks and strongboxes and safety deposit
box with tumbler locks and padlocks.

During this period the romans, Greeks, Chinese and Egyptians each had their own approach to
home security. Kings used to build massive fortification known as castles which could withstand
attack for months. Europeans used to build towers designed for defense and double-defended
gates that could trap intruders inside.

In today’s world security system has been more advanced than ever. There are different types of
security system. The modern burglar alarm is just one half of all. Some of the main security
system are: OTHERS SECURITY SYSTEM AND LASER TOO. Security System Based On laser is most
effective one.

Figure:?? Laser security system in home or other sector?

 1.2Problem Definition

Intrusion detection systems are an integral part of any smart protection system. Security is considered
as the most important factor in today’s world. With the advancement in technologies, the advancement
and innovations have not only been limited for the security purpose, the illegal activities have also been
increasing as the crime gangs/group also uses the advanced technologies to perform their mission. In
the developing nation like ours, the security problem has been the major headache to the Government.
It is the evident fact; even the only international Airport has been extremely weak in the security
department. That is why; there are many loopholes in the security sector starting from higher levels (Int.
Airport) to the local levels (towns, villages, homes). Therefore, the technology of security should be
modern with time to protect the crime works.

Our project aims to develop the Laser Security System, which can have high effectiveness in the security
system. Laser ray goes through long distance without scattering effect and the ray is almost invisible.
Therefore, by this security project we can make an invisible boundary of a sensitive area, as laser light is
only visible at source and at incident point. These two properties can make our output much more
effective as the modern security system. The laser used in the security system will create a continuous
stream of light in the form of beam by which the yard will always be protected as long as the system is
on. Thus, the laser security system can help protect our houses, offices, banks, lockers from intrusion. It
is a standalone system that can be part of bigger security and home automation system.
 2.LITERATURE REVIEW
Laser based security system:

It is the type of security and alarm system that uses laser light and a light sensor.It provides warning
when there is unauthorized presence or intrusion within premises.It can acts as a stand alone system,
which makes some sound or noise when it detects any irregular activity.

The main components of the projects are laser,LDR and a detector.The laser is a concentrated light
source that puts out a straight line”pencil beam”of light of a single colour. The detector is sensitive to
light and puts out a voltage when the laser light hits it.LDR is a component which has a resistance that
alters when there is change in light intensity.The feature has been applicable to light sensing circuit. The
components used are discussed below:

PIR Motion detector

FIGURE??
Passive infrared (PIR) detector is one of the common sensors found in small household and
organizations. It works entirely by detecting the heat energy given off by the objects. Whenever
there is body movement there will be change in temperature and this quick change triggers the
detection and then alarm beeps. This type of system can be installed on the wall or ceiling with
minimum space.
Glass break detection
FIGURE?? With citation

This is also a useful system for those buildings which have glass designed outer structure.
Sensors are mounted in close proximity to the glass planes and listen for sound frequencies
associated with glass breaking. When glass breaks it produces specific shock frequencies and
seismic glass break detectors feel these frequencies and in turn generate an alarm condition.
Microphonic system

It is based on the
detection of an intruder
attempting to cut or
climb over a fence.
Strain sensor cables are
attached around the fences and they are sensitive to different frequencies or level of noise or
vibration. When an intruder climbs over fence or cut the fences, the sensor cables receive signals
and then generate a condition to beep alarm.
Active Infrared detector
Figure??with citation

This is similar to the PIR detector as this uses Infrared (IR) sensors to detect intruder. This sensor
consists of two elements: infrared source and infrared receiver. The energy emitted by the source
is continuously reflected by an object and as soon as path is disturbed by any intruder the alarm
goes on.
Security electric fences
Figure?? With citation
This system consists of wires that carry pulses of electric current to provide a non-lethal shock to
potential intruders. These wires are fenced around the house or buildings as a physical barrier to
an intruder. Tampering with the fence turns on alarm to notify the house owner.
Infrasound detection system
Figure?? With citation
It is based on detecting the frequencies of sound waves below 20 Hz which are inaudible to
human ear. It uses infrasound sensors as main component. Each time an intruder tries to enter
into a house, he or she creates low frequency sound while testing whether gate is locked or not,
or using tools to break lock. Such action are immediately detected by the sensor before the
intruder breaks in.
 3.MEHODOLOGY:

Study dsign:

Esto banau:
Literature Review:
K K search garyau vana..( Laser system with its components has been studied.
(Passive voice ) Further literature review is going on)
Circuit Design:
This this components in this place has been considered. Esari lekha.
Ani circuit design haala.
Ani explain gara circuit
Market survey:

The components that would be required in order to design

the circuit are as follows:
-LDR (Light dependent diode)
-LED (Light emitting diode)
-BC547 Transistor
-100 ohm or 330 ohm resistor
-Buzzer
- 9v battery with holder
-Breadboard
-Potentiometer
-Switch
-Resistor Box
Kun kun components hunxa.. this will be brought from market. Since this is
needed in this thing. This things will be brought from market.

Fbrication:

1. Steps for construction of the circuit:

● Place the BC547 transistor on the breadboard.
●Then collect the LDR from base and emitter of
BC547transisor.
●Now connect one end of the 330/100 ohm resistor to the
base of the BC547 transistor and other end of the resistor to
the blank space on the breadboard.

Kasari garne.. k k method use garne fabrication garda.. jastai cartboard cutting,
Bread board setup.. estai estai..
Testing:

(passive voice maa lekhne ho hai)

Gantt chart:
Budget estimation: Table maa hai

4. EXPECTED OUTCOMES: