7/18/2019 Lathe Machine Practicum Report

I. DESTINATION

HE PURPOSE OF GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

So that students or practitioners can operate and understand

the operation of a lathe to work on various forms of objects, such as:

1. Turning face

2. Turning flat

. Make a tapered shape

!. Turning in

". Creating a thread shape

# . Drilling using a lathe

IB SPECIAL INSTRUCTION PURPOSE

So that students or practice implementers can do the assignments given

correctly according to the specifications of the object.

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II. LATHE

II.A UNDERSTANDING
A lathe is a turning machine.
&working principle m lathe blade
moves to hold the shape of the
common workpiece through the
carrying plate
the connecting gear, the rotation will be conveyed to the threaded shaft gear. By threaded clamps,
the rotation of the threaded shaft is converted into translational motion on the sled carrying the
tool. As a result, on the workpiece there will be a thread-shaped incision.

FIGURE 1. LATHE MACHINE

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II.B MOVEMENTS IN TURNING

a. Rotational movement is a form of rotational movement of the workpiece that

is moved on the tool and is called cutting motion.

b. Longitudinal motion is a form of movement if the cutting direction is parallel

to the work axis. This movement is called movement
feeding.

c. transverse movement, which is the form of movement when the cutting

direction is perpendicular to the work axis. This movement is called
transverse motion or surface cutting.

II.C TYPES OF WORK MADE WITH A LATH

a. Face Turning !a"#n$ %, $That is, the turning process is carried out on the
edge of the cross section or in a straight line about the axis of the workpiece,
so that a smooth and even surface is obtained.

b. Flat Turning   Turning S#&#n'(#) %, $i.e. workmanship

$ which is carried out along the axis of $a. Cylindrical turning can be done
once or with a rough start which is then continued with fine feeding or
finishing.

c. Turning T#(u) Ta**e( %, $is the process of making conical workpieces. In the
implementation of taper turning, it can be done in three ways, namely
turning the top slide (compound placement), shifting the head off (tail stock),
and using a taper attachment.

THREE WAYS OF MAKING TIRUS:

1. Taper turning by sliding the top sled.

* This figure is used when the variation of the taper angle is large, i.e. .-  o
with a short taper, maximum along the sled. Turning in this way cannot be
done automatically,

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but by turning the top sled spindle, so that the tool moves forward. The top
sled rotates by the angle of taper. Meaning$a if the taper angle iso, then the
top sled is rotated by !"o.

2. Taper turning by sliding the head off.

* This method is carried out if the variation of the taper angle is between -  o
with a taper that is longer or shorter than the sled. This turning can be done
manually or automatically. In operation, the workpiece is clamped between
two flashlights. Thus, the chuck is replaced with a carrier plate whose
function is to rotate the workpiece with the help of a lathdog.

. Taper turning using tapered equipment.

&turning is done if the +variation of the taper angle that will be made is in the
range -# o with a taper distance exceeding the sledding distance. This turning
can be done manually or automatically. To produce taper, the angle of the
tapered fixture must be set to the taper angle parallel to the slope of the
workpiece. Furthermore, the top slide is disconnected from the machine table
and connected to a tapered fitting that has been adjusted at an angle. Thus,
the upper sled movement will follow the slope of the tapered equipment.

d. Luban Pe(&ua)$ B+(#n$ %, $is a turning process that aims to enlarge the
hole. This lathe uses an inner lathe chisel.

e. Turning U&#( T,(ea'#n$ %, is the manufacture of threads using a screw chisel.

%. Turning D(#&&#n$, $namely turning by using a drill bit (drill), so that a hole
will be obtained in the workpiece. This work is the initial job of boring work
(inside lathe).

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III. PRACTICAL TASK

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A. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT USED

1. esi with size 1 3 #  mm

2. 4 pushers

. &hahat lathe

!. 'ial indicator

". &hahat lathe inside

#. &cut it

. &hahat thread

5. 2" mm . diameter drill bit

B. WORK STEPS

1. Prepare materials by cutting materials from iron with a diameter of #mm,

with a length of 1mm

2. Checking whether the material is straight, when it's still bent

straighten it first

. After the object is straight, it is mounted on the chuck and checked for slack. If
it's still wobbly, adjust it to the center using a dial indicator

!. The tool is mounted on the tool housing and adjusted by adjusting the tool so that the
tip of the tool is exactly on the main axis or center

After everything is correct, the motor is turned on and the turning process begins.

". After centering, prepare a 2" mm drill to make a hole in the workpiece until it reaches

hole
#. /for initial lathe use low speed, then gradually
Gradually the speed$a is increased

. Set each time the feeding motion is ."mm , until the diameter is !# mm along
mm and the end of the workpiece is tapped !"o

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5. 0prepare the inner lathe chisel for turning in the workpiece to " mm in length
mm

. At the end of the workpiece, it is turned flat until the surface is flat

1 . the workpiece is turned over and turning is done on the other side, turning it to
a diameter of ! mm for the manufacture of threads M !.2 mm along " mm

11. work end is turned face to length to be # 5 mm

12. eri distance of " mm and diameter of menggunakan mm using a cutting chisel
for a safe distance in doing threading

1 . Make a tapered end of the workpiece with an angle !"o to make it easier in the
threading stage

1!. When ready, the workpiece is threaded using a screw chisel with the
provisions of M !.2 mm with ." mm feeding.

1". 0after completion, the machine is turned off and the workpiece is removed

1#. Tidy and clean work tools and workpieces and clean the lathe from the
remnants of the turning process (grams)

I . CONCLUSION

a. When doing or carrying out machining practicum, we should pay attention to

occupational health and safety factors

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b. first check the condition of the machine that we will use before the practicum
begins, an understanding of the operation of a good lathe will facilitate the
working process

c. At the time of operation or manufacture of objects, accuracy is needed in

determining the size or operation of the lathe, in order to obtain maximum
results

d. use time as efficiently as possible in practice, so that

Estimated time to work on objects can be achieved

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