Thermal unit operation ;(Cheg3111)

Chemical engineering department 3rd year

final exam 2012 E.C
: Theory part 15%

WOLLO university [KIOT]

1: Explain thermal and hydraulic analysis of inner tube and annulus(2PTS)

2: Explain design consideration for shell and tube heat exchanger (2pts)

3; What is hairpin heat exchanger? Give classification of double pipe heat exchanger (4pts)

. 4: Explain overall heat transfer coefficient, hydraulic diameter and equivalent diameter for hairpin heat
exchanger with multi tube-finned inner tubes (3pts)

. 5:Explain following for tube and tube heat exchanger (4pts)

: i. Pumping power

ii. Pressure drop

 calculation part:35%

1: Engine oil with a flow rate of 5 kg/s will be cooled from 60 to 40 C by sea water at20 C in a double
pipe heat exchanger. The water flows through the inner tube, whose outlet is heated to 30C. The inner
tube outside and inside diameters are do = 1.315 inches and di = 1.049 inches respectively. For the
annulus, Do = 4.5 inches and Di = 4.206 inches. The length of the hairpin is fixed at 3 m. The wall
temperature is 35 The number of the annulus is 3. The thermal conductivity of the tube wall is 43 W /
m .K. Calculate: (1) Heat transfer coefficient in the annulus (2.5PTS)

(2) Overall heat transfer coefficient (2.5PTS)

(3) Calculate pressure drop in the annulus and in the inner tube. (5PTS)

2: Water at a flow rate of 5000 kg/h will be heated from 20 to 35C by hot water at 140C. A 15C hot
water temperature drop is allowed. A number of 1.5 m hairpins of 3 in (annulus inner diameter, Di=
0.0779 m) by 2 in (inner tube do=0.0603 m and d I = 0.0525 m) double pipe heat exchangers with
annuli and pipes each connected in series will be used. Hot water flows through inner tube. Fouling
factors are R I = 0.000176 m2-K/W and Ro = 0.000352 m2-K/W. Assume that pipe is made of carbon
steel (k = 54 W/m-K). Calculate:

(1) Heat transfer coefficient for the fluid flowing through inner tube and annulus (4PTS)

(2) The number of hairpins required . (3PTS)

3: A heat exchanger is to be designed to heat raw water by the use of condensed water at 67oC and 0.2
bar, which will flow in the shell side with a mass flow rate of 50,000 kg/hr. The heat will be transferred
to 30,000 kg/hr of city water coming from a supply at 170C (cp = 4184 J/kg K). A single shell and a single
tube pass is preferable. A fouling resistance of 0.000176 m2 K /W is suggested and the surface over
design should not be over 40 %. A maximum coolant velocity of 1.5 m/s is suggested to prevent erosion.
A maximum tube length of 5 m is required because of space limitations. The tube material of carbon
steel (k=60 W/m K). Raw water will flow inside straight tubes whose outer diameter is 19 mm and inner
diameter is 16 mm. Tubes are laid out on a square pitch with a pitch ratio of 1.25. The baffle spacing is
approximated by 0.6 of shell diameter and the baffle cut is set to 25%. The water outlet temperature
should not be less than 40 o C;

Determine shell side heat transfer co-efficient 5000 W/m2 K and tube side it is 4000 W/m2 K. Perform
Preliminary analysis. (9pts)
4: A shell and tube heat exchanger is to be designed for heating 9000kg/hr of water from 15 0C to 85 0 C
by hot engine oil (Cp=2.35 kJ/kg K) flowing through the shell of the heat exchanger. The oil makes a
single pass in the shell, entering at 150 0C and leaving at 95 0C with an average heat transfer coefficient
of 400 W/m2K. The water flows through 10 thin walled tubes of 25 mm diameter with each tube making
8 passes through the shell.

a) Calculate the length of tube required for the heat exchanger to accomplish the specified water
heating. The heat transfer coefficient on the water side is 3000 W/m2K (9pts