Karmveer Bhaurao patil

polytechnic, Satara
THIRD YEAR DIPLOMA ENGINEERING (I- SCHEME)

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING IN

“APTRON INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY”

SUBMITED BY

Miss. Rohini Dasharath Shirke.

Miss. Krutika Kamalakar Bhosale.

Miss. Shital Rajendra Karande.

Miss. Swapnali Anil Deshmukh.

Miss. Shraddha Manohar Mane.

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

HOD Prof. J. B. Jagatap.

(DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION

INGINEERING)

1
 CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION

Of Industrial Training

This is to certify that

Sr.No. Name of Student

1. Rohini Dasharath Shirke.

2. Krutika Kamalakar Bhosale.

3. Shital Rajendra Karande.

4. Swapnali Anil Deshmukh.

5. Shraddha Manohar Mane.

Has successfully completed the “Industrial training” prescribed by Maharashtra State

Board of Technical Education for S.Y. Semester IV during year 2018-19.

Head of Department CEO of Industry

(Mr. J. B. Jagatap) (Pravin Mohite and Aswad Kulkarni)

  ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank those people who help us and guide us. We thanks to Prof. Rajendra

Devidas Relekar and Miss. Rajashree Mane for her valuable support and guidance. They teach us

very friendly.

Relekar sir is the best teacher because he was always studying us all basics of electronics. He

was always helping to the students and he gave us more and more knowledge. He teach us how

to handling the circuits Or how tracing the circuits. He was also give us knowledge about testing

and repairing of machines. He gave us the full knowledge about CCTV.

Especially thanks to Mr. Mohite Pravin and Aswad Kulkarni, (Director) of Aptron Institute of

Technology for encouragement and support.

 ABSTRACT

Industrial training is an important phase of student life. A well Planned properly executed

and evaluated industrial training helps a lot in developing a professional attitude. It

developed an awareness of industrial approach to problem solving based on broad

understanding of process and mode of operation of organization.

The aim and motivation of this industrial technical knowledge through a proper training

environment, information technology to develop a responsiveness of the self- disciplinary

nature of problems in information and communication technology.

During a period of 45 day’s training I have been learned PCB Manufacturing, Circuit

Tracing, LED Repairing, Different types of CCTV, Different Machinery, safety

management parameter and the process of the production lines and able to implement

what I have learn for the past year.

  CONTENT

SR.NO TOPIC PAGE.NO

1 Introduction of Industry 6

2 Technical experience 7

3 Safety management in Industry 8

4 Practical Experience in Industry 9

5 Information of LED 11

6 Information of CCTV 14

7 Non-Technical Experience in Industry 23

 Introduction of Industry-

Involved in education and industrial product manufacturing and training since last 5 years.

They are an eminent organization, engaged in manufacturing and supplying a wide range of
trainer kits.

The industry has experience in organizing different types of trainings in various institutes for
students as well as faculty members.

We are also experienced in manufacturing of electronics & electrical education products as

well as CCTV camera types like Dome CCTV camera, Bullet CCTV camera, HD camera etc.
They provide us books of CCTV installation.

Industry working with nearly about 60+ colleges & 10+ industries.
All our training & products were met with a great satisfaction among our customers.

Industry is affiliated by ISO standard and we are working under:

MSSDS (Maharashtra State Skill Development Society, Mumbai)
MBTB (Maharashtra Business Training Board)
MCED (Maharashtra Centre For Entrepreneurship Development)
  Technical experience
In the technical report we can write what we can learned in the industry or which
knowledge we can understand.
On the first day of training the employees got the information of all basic components
like resistor, diodes, capacitor, inductor, transistor, and its symbols.
Then we learned the types of resistors:
Like-fixed resistor, variable resistor, wire wound resistor ,carbon film resistor,
potentiometer, etc.

We also learned how find the 5 band or four band coloured resistors without waste more time.

Examples :-1) 330Ω 5%

Ans. It is a Four band Colour resistor:- orange orange black gold

5% is the tolerance of resistance

2) 1.5k Ω 1%

Ans. Brown Green Red Brown

  Safety management in Industry

Safety management of all operations and events within an industry in order to protect its
employees and assets by minimizing hazards, risks, accidents, and near misses. In Industry
specific hazards, suggest possible controls, and provide examples on the risk management
process which mill operators could adopt to assess and control risks specific to their operation.
It is expected that mill operators would develop a risk register as outlined in the How to manage
work health and safety risks Code of Practice, assess the risks in their operation, implement
controls and monitor and review the systems implemented to control those risks.
Safety signs
Safety signs are a recognized method of identifying hazards within a workplace and consist of
signs, symbolic signs, markings and color. Signs have a range of applications but should be
considered an administrative control only. This section covers the issues associated with the
identification of hazards by means of signage with an aim to ensure known hazards are identified
by means of signs, markings or color and that all personnel are familiar with the meaning of
safety signs and markings.
  Practical Experience in Industry
Tracing And fault Finding of circuit:

Tracing is the process of identifying the circuit or to identify the type of circuit diagram and
its working.

Main purpose of circuit tracing is to test the circuit and find the fault in the circuit and repair
the fault.

Equipment used for tracing:-

1. Multimeter
2. Magnifying Glass
3. 230v Ac Supply
4. Toolkit
5. CRO
 Steps For Tracing and fault finding:
1. Take any circuit board for tracing.

2. First we have to do visual testing. In which we have to see there is any visual fault.

3. Then next step is cold testing. In cold testing without giving supply we have to test the
circuit and trace its circuit diagram.

4. Then step by step we will test its connectivity and test all components.

5. Then we perform hot testing. In hot testing we give input to the circuit and test the output
to all test points.

6. Then find it is good or not. And after testing we repair the device.

Applications:

1. To find the circuit diagram of circuit board.

2. To find the working of circuit board.

3. To find the fault in the circuit.

Major machines used in industry :

1. Cutting machine
2. Brushing machine
3. Exposing machine
4. Baking machine
5. Etching machine
6. Drill machine
7. CNC machine
8. Tinning machine
  LED

Specification:
Quantity: 100 pieces / Pack

Size:3.5 x 2.8 (mm) / 0.12 x 0.1 (inch)

Emitting Color: White (6000K-9000K)

Luminous Intensity: 7-8LM

Viewing Angle: 120 Degree

Forward Voltage / Current: 3V-3.2V | 20mA

Polarity: Refer to the Arrow on the Reverse Side

Search "chanson led diode" for more related led.

SMD LED

Features & details

Shipping Weight: 0.5oz / 0.014kg (Pack of 100) (Surface Mount SMD SMT LEDs Chips Set)

Size: 0.12 x 0.1 inch LED Chips

Forward Voltage / Direct Current : DC 3 Volt 20 mA (Low Voltage for DIY PCB Circuit)

Single Color White (Super Bright 6000K-9000K)

Anode and Cathode Polarity (3 V) : Refer to the Arrow on the Reverse Side
Product information A) White (100pcs)

Part Number100F3528-WH-7-8LMItem Weight0.8 ounces Package Dimensions5 x 4 x 0.4 inches Item

model numberH&PC-59406ColorA) White (100pcs) Shapes MD Power SourceDCWattage0.06 watts Item
Package Quantity100Type of Bulb LED Special Features Electrode Type: Copper Batteries Included No
Batteries Required.

LED Driver:-

Features:
Robust driver

Unmatched durability

Higher sturdiness

Anticorrosive design

Can be conveniently installed

Excellent connectivity
LED on PCB

LED watts
  CCTV Cameras
Different Types Of CCTV Cameras:-

1. Dome CCTV Camera

2. Bullet CCTV Camera
3. Day/Night CCTV Camera
4. Infrared/Night Vision CCTV Camera
5. Network/IP CCTV Camera
6. Wireless CCTV Camera
7. C-Mount CCTV Camera
8. High-Definition HD CCTV Camera

1. Dome Camera

The dome camera is one most commonly used for indoor and outdoor security and surveillance.
The shape of the camera makes it difficult for onlookers to tell which way the camera is facing,
which is a strong piece of design, deterring criminals by creating an air of uncertainty. Other
benefits of this type of camera include:
Other benefits of internal and external dome cameras include:
Ease of installation
Vandal-resistant features
IR night vision
 2. Bullet Camera

Bullet cameras are long and cylindrical in shape and are ideal for outdoor use. Their strengths lie
specifically in applications which require long distance viewing. Installed within protective
casings, the cameras are shielded against dust, dirt and other natural elements. The cameras can
easily be mounted with a mounting bracket, and come fitted with either fixed or varifocal lenses
depending on the requirements of its intended application.

3. Day/Night Camera

Capable of operating in both normal and poorly lit environments, these cameras benefit
from not requiring inbuilt infrared illuminators as they can capture clear video images in the
dark thanks to their extra sensitive imaging chips. For this reason, these cameras are ideal for
outdoor surveillance applications in which IR cameras are unable to function optimally.
Other benefits of day/night cameras include:
Record in both colour and black & white.
Wide variety of sizes available
Infrared capability

4. IR dome CCTV – Caught on Camera

One of the best 24 hour surveillance cameras around providing airports, seaports, boards and
many other critical infrastructures with quality images, no matter what time of day it is. Infrared
cameras have small LEDs surrounding the lens to help pick up moving figures in pitch black.
Thermal image cameras can see over long distances, up to 300 metres away!
Other benefits of infrared cameras include:
Detect intruders up 250-300 metres away
Good in low-light
Thermal radiation passes through visual barriers

5. Network Cameras HD CCTV Cameras –

These cameras share the images across the internet, so CCTV footage can be easily accessed.
Network cameras are ideal for both domestic and commercial purposes because you can see
what’s going on whilst away from the property.
Other benefits of network cameras include:
Data can be easily accessed
Ideal for homes and companies
Less cabling and less maintenance

6. High Definition Cameras:-

High definition cameras have such a high resolution that they’re mainly used in high risk establishments
such as banks and casinos. This is to capture a good image of anyone who enters and exits to maintain
high security and maximum safety. These cameras are great for spotting misconduct and allows the user
to zoom in for extra clarity, should the footage need to be used in court.

Power supply
We have done a dual power supply.

Working:
1. Firstly, 220V AC is converted into 12V AC by using simple step-down (220V/12V) transformer.
2. Secondly, output of this transformer is given to the rectifier circuit, which will convert the ac supply
into dc supply. The output of the rectifier circuit that is DC contains the ripples in the output voltage.
To filter out these ripples, capacitor of 1000uf, 25V is used.
3. Lastly, the output of the capacitor that is pure DC is given to voltage regulator IC 7812 and IC7912
which will regulate the output voltage at 12V and -12V DC, despite the change in input voltage.
SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply):-

Working of SMPS:-
1) Rectifier & filter:- The rectifier and filter is used to remove the noise from input AC
signal and It pass pure rectified AC signal to the next block.
2) Chopper:- The switch is works as a chopper in the circuit. It convert DC voltage into
pulsating DC signal. This is High frequency switching device.
3) Flyback Transformer:-This is used to step down the input voltage or pulsating DC
signal and it applied to the output rectifier and filter circuit.
4) Rectifier & filter:-It again generate constant DC voltage at the output side.

5) Output sensor:-It senses the output voltage and compares with the reference voltage.

6) Feedback and error amplifier:-Is then used to control the chopping frequency. If
output is found to be more than the required value the chopping frequency is decreased
reducing the total output power and thus reducing the output voltage. Similarly if the
output is found to be less than the required voltage the chopping frequency is increased
hence it will maintain the output voltage.
7) PWM Pulse Oscillator:- It gives the PWM pulses to the chopper.
 Mixer Grinder:
In 1908 Herbert Johnson, an engineer for the Hobart Manufacturing Company, invented an
electric standing mixer. His inspiration came from observing a baker mixing bread dough
with a metal spoon; soon he was toying with a mechanical counterpart.
This is a device that is much versatile and can be used to mix and grind fodder items at a
given time. Here below are a few benefits of owning a mixer grinder for your home. They
can be used for a wide variety of food products and purposes: Mixer grinders are versatile
devices which you can use in your kitchen daily. A grinder-mixer is a portable mill that
combines the mixing and grinding operations.

Circuit Diagram of Mixer Grinder :

Working Principles of Mixer Grinder :

Mixers work on electricity and rotate automatically through electric power. Mixers perform
repetitive tasks of whisking, beating, and stirring. Moreover, a mixer can also knead, when you
replace its beaters with a dough hook.
The motor used in mixer grinder is generally a universal motor. The motor has stator and rotor.
The stator is made of laminated steel.
With blending, the whole fruit or vegetable is used: what you put in the blender is what you
consume. There are pros and cons to both juicing and blending. Juicing provides a very nutrient-
dense beverage in a smaller amount of liquid. For those who need a low-fiber diet, juicing may
be a better option.
Causes of Faults and Solutions of Mixer Grinder:
1. Damaged bearing:

Cause-The most common cause of mixer blade not rotating is damaged bearing. What
happens is that water as well as salty liquids tend to leak in through the mechanism of coupling
and can thus reach into the bearings of the blades of your mixer. This salty water tends to
corrode the metallic bearings and can damage them to a point where the blade is unable to rotate.
This practically makes your appliance useless.

Solution-In such a case, what you can do is that you can turn the mixer blades in the opposite
direction manually a few times.
If this doesn’t help, then drop in a few drops of coconut or mustard oil on the coupling
mechanism. Put the jar upside down.
Now try to rotate the blades manually again and keep the jar aside for about 10 minutes.
Attach it to the motor unit and give it a test run again.
If it rotates without any problems or glitches, then the problem has been resolved.

2. Broken motor coupler:

Cause-Another possible reason for mixer blade not rotating could be broken motor coupler.
The cause of this could be overloading, poor quality material of the coupler and also the
appliance being used for a long period.

Solution-In this case, the solution is to get the motor coupler replaced. You must call an
authorized professional for this job.

3. Damaged electric wire:

Cause: If any of the wires within the appliance have become damaged, then this too could lead
to mixer blade not rotating.

Solution-To solve this problem, it is to inspect the wires and see which one has gone faulty. If
you are not sure how to do this, it is better to contact a professional. If the wire is damaged, then
you can either get it replaced or in some cases, you may have to replace the mixer altogether.

PCB (printed circuit board)

Manufacturing process of PCB

1) Cutting: First cut the pcb according to the film. Then brushing and clean it.
2) Exposion: Use cromol in paper to insert. take two solutions i.e. synthesizer and PVA and
spread these solutions with the help of squizy. Put PCB for baking at 120 deg for 20 sec.
Connecting the film to the board keep it into the explosion machine for 82 sec. Wash and
dry it.
3) Tracing: In these process Blue coloured solution is used along with hardener. Spread it with
the help of squizy.
4) Etching:
After tracking put the pcb in the Etching machine. Set the temperature of machine at 45
deg. In the etching machine ammonia solution is present. After etching wash the pcb with
caustic solution. After etching the PCB will be –

5) Brushing and drilling:

After the etching, clean PCB through Brushing machine. Then drill the PCB to place the
components.
6) Masking:
Masking is nothing but the simple screen printing. Before the masking Explosion process is
done. Then for masking take two solutions i.e. Green coloured ink along with hardener in
proportion of 70 -30. Spread it with squizy and bake at 120 deg
6) Ident and Tinning:
For Ident Explosion must done. Ident is the labelling of circuit. In these process, white ink is
used along with hardener in proportion 92 -08.
After Ident Tinning process is done. In these process Aluminium rod is used which melts after
heating. For that purpose, the temperature must be above 250 deg. After tinning process our PCB
will be ready.
  Non -technical
We experience a lot of technical as well as non-technical things which are memorable for us in
our life. along with staff of company and the students along with us during training all
participated in each and every events. In these training duration the company has organized
different types of events. That helps to develop our skills. The events like

1) Sports competition
2) visit to a remand home
3) Environment Day
4) Project Competition
5) Swachhata abhiyan

1) Sport events:
Sports activity held on 22 &23 may for students. There were two teams participated. At
ZP ground cricket is played in five round. Finally, karad team win this tournament.

2) Visit to a remand home:

A visit to an orphanage is a life changing experience.as it is filled with emotions and
sentiments. We were lucky to visit a remand home or orphanage. There were about 40 to 50
children with 4 care takers. We had brought food to them. We interact with children. It was great
feeling for us. That children were happy that we meet and played with them.
 After visiting we will start appreciating the little things in life. It was such a wonderful
experience for all of us.

3) Environment day :
5 June: the world environment day. The day celebrated to raise global awareness about the
significance of healthy environment. And to solve various environmental issues.it is little try to
awareness to us about our environmental duties.
That day the guest lecture was organized for us by industry of satpute sir. His lecture was
about “personality development” to encourage the students. He told us that how to set our goal in
our life. He states the importance of goal in life and how to overcome or how to face our life
problems firmly.in overall lecture he shares his life experiences with us. That lecture is so useful
for our Carrier life.
Satpute sir inspired us for tree plantation. And from that day up to our last day of company we
take care of that trees and watered it every day.
 4) Project competition:
To get some more practical knowledge and improve it, It was opportunity to us. The
competition was held on 13 June at the place of Aptron tech. we selected our projects under
the guidance of teacher and work hard for that.2 to 4 days we were doing work on project.
Our project was the “Automatic street light using LDR”. On that day most of people came
there like HODs, staff of company, other respected peoples. Because of this competition we
get more ideas about electronic devices or more information about projects. We are doing
given project for the competition:-

Ceremony of prize distribution

Price distribution of these competition was held on 17 June. Mr. Pathak (Member of
PMKVY) was the chief guest of these function. It was a great technical experience for us.

We get a second prize in project competition. Thanks to my all supporters or guidance sir.
 5) Swachhata abhiyan at kas pathar:
To release from our regular routine, it was small trip for organized by the industry. The day we
went to the kas-pathar is 22 June. Some students were agree to come kas pathar but some was
not. it was a great fun. We done a cleanliness from hearty. All students were happy that we were
trying to keep nature clean. Then we took a lunch in beauty of nature.

Our teachers i.e. staff of company also enjoyed with us. We fully enjoy this trip.

After the kas we also went to see windmills which was just 5-6 km from there. We saw the
windmills from very closely and observed it. Because of this windmills we enable to use
electricity easily. We took information from there. The windmills are operate on a simple
principle. The energy in the wind turns two or three propeller-like blades around a rotor. The
rotor is connected to the main shaft, which spins a generator to create electricity. Then we took
some pictures of windmills.