Assigned Topic: Essential vitamins and their applications

Submitted by Muhammad Zeshan

Subject: Plant Bio chemistry-II

Submitted To: Sir Rizwan

Semester: 7th

Section: B(Evening)

Government College University Faisalabad Layyah Campus

Topic:
Essential vitamins and their
applications
Vitamins:
Complex organic compounds that are needed in small amount by
the body for normal growth and metabolism.

e.g.

vitamin C is needed for the proper healing of wounds and brokens

bone.
Essential vitamins:
Vitamins which are needed for normal functioning of body.
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Vitamin B

Thiamine (B1)

Riboflavin (B2)
continue...
Niacin (B3)
Pantothenic acid (B5)
Pyroxidine (B6)
Biotin (B7)
Folate (B9)
Cobalamin (B12)
Vitamin A:
Function:

Vitamin A plays an important role in growth and cell

development. It also promotes healthy skin, hair, nails, gums, glands, bones
and teeth; prevents night blindness and may help prevent lung cancer.

Sources:

Salmon, other cold-water fish, egg yolks, fortified dairy

products.
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid):
Function:

Strengthens blood vessel walls; promotes wound healing and iron

absorption; helps prevent atherosclerosis; supports immunity; serves as
a key antioxidant.

Sources:

Vitamin C, found in citrus fruits, is an essential vitamin and

important for your body.
Vitamin D:
Function:

As an essential vitamin, Vitamin D aids calcium absorption,

builds and maintains strong bones and teeth.

Sources:

Fortified milk, fortified soy/rice beverages, butter, egg yolks,

fatty fish, fish-liver oil, and made by the body when exposed to the sun.
Vitamin E:

Function:

Vitamin E protects fatty acids; maintains muscles and red blood

cells; and serves as an important antioxidant.

Sources:

Eggs, vegetable oils, margarine, mayonnaise, nuts, seeds, and

fortified cereals.
Vitamin K:

Function:

Vitamin K is an essential vitamin for your body. Your body needs

it for proper blood clotting.

Sources:

spinach, broccoli, green leafy vegetables, and liver.

Vitamin (B1) thiamine:

Function:

Vitamin B1 is important for maintaining a healthy metabolism. It

also helps maintain normal digestion, appetite and proper nerve
function.

Sources:

Pork, legumes, nuts, seeds, fortified cereals, and grains.

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2):
Function:

Vitamin B2 is essential for energy metabolism. It also aids adrenal

function, supports normal vision and helps maintain healthy skin.

Sources:

Fortified cereals, grains, lean meat, poultry, dairy products, fortified

soy/rice beverages, and raw mushrooms.
Niacin (Vitamin B3):
Function:

Vitamin B3 is important for the body. It’s used to metabolize energy

and promote normal growth. In large doses, Vitamin B3 can also lower
cholesterol.

Sources:

Lean meats, poultry, seafood, milk; eggs, legumes, fortified breads,

and cereals.
Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5):

Function:

Vitamin B5: Aids energy metabolism and normalizes blood sugar

levels.

Sources:

Almost all foods contain Vitamin B5.

Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6):
Function:

Vitamin B6 is an essential vitamin for good health. It promotes protein

metabolism, metabolism of carbohydrates and the release of energy. It also
plays a role in proper nerve function and the synthesis of red blood cells.

Sources:

Meat, fish, poultry, grains, cereals, bananas, green leafy vegetables,

potatoes, and soybeans.
Biotin (Vitamin B7):

Function:

Vitamin B7 (also known as biotin) is an essential vitamin that

plays an important role in maintaining a healthy metabolism.

Sources:

Egg yolks, soybeans, whole grains, nuts, and yeast.

Folate, Folic Acid (Vitamin B9):
Vitamin B9 is an essential vitamin, and is especially important for pregnant women.

Function:

To make DNA, RNA, red blood cells, and synthesize certain amino acids.
Vitamin B9 is also important for pregnant women, as it helps prevent birth defects.

Sources:

Liver, yeast, leafy green vegetables, asparagus, orange juice, fortified flour,
avocados, and legumes.
Cobalamin (Vitamin B12):
Function:

To make red blood cells, DNA, RNA, and myelin for nerve fibers.

Sources:
All animal products.