Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) With technical assistance from

is one of the oldest and largest state
owned engineering and manufacturing
enterprise in India in the energy-related and
infrastructure sector which
includes Power, Railways, Transmission
and Distribution, Oil and Gas sectors and
many more.
Associated Electricals (India) Ltd., a
UK based company; it came into
existence on 29th of August, 1956. Pt.
Jawaharlal Nehru, first Prime minister of
India dedicated this plant to the nation
on 6th of November, 1960

Heavy Electrical Plant, Bhopal is the mother plant of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited. It is located at
about 7kms. From Bhopal Railway station, about 5kms from Habibganj Railway station and about 18kms
from Raja Bhoj Airport.
 Board of Directors
Part Time Non Official Director
A N Roy, Rajesh Kishore, Keshav N Desiraju, R
Swaminathan, Surama Padhy

Human Resources Industrial Sys.&Pro.

D Bandyopadhyay Amitabh Mathur

Engineering, R & D
Subrata Prasad

Finance Power
T Chockalingam Akhil Joshi
ATUL SOBTI
Chairman & Managing Director
Part Time Official Director
Bhaskar Jyoti Mahanta
Mr. Durgesh Kumar Thakur
Executive Director
Bhel,Bhopal

4

Vision
A Global Engineering Enterprise
providing Solutions for better
tomorrow
BHEL
Mission
Providing sustainable business
solutions in the fields of Energy,
Industry & Infrastructure
Values
Governance, Respect,
Excellence, Loyalty, Integrity,
Commitment, Innovation,
Team Work

Slogan
“Kadam kadam milana hai, grahak safal banana hai”
 BHEL have
17 manufacturing units,
2 repair units,
4 regional offices,
8 service centers,
8 overseas offices,
15 regional center,
7 joint ventures.
The infrastructure allowing it to execute more than
150 projects at sites across India and abroad
 Product Profile BHEL Bhopal
Ac motors and
Alternators Hydro
Excitation control
generators equipment

OLTC

Hydro
turbines
Heat exchangers Large current
Transformer Switch gear
rectifiers

Steam Turbine Control and relay panels

 BHEL BHOPAL have following Blocks

1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 And the
Testing Lab 1 2 3
Hydro Turbine Manufacturing
 The main idea

Water Power
Turbine

Shaft Power
 Hydro electric power plant
have turbine to convert
energy posses by the water
to mechanical energy which
then convert it to electrical
energy .
 Francis ,Keplan
Pelton Wheel Turbine
• Manufacturing of Draft Tube
• Assembly section of all parts of turbine

All the task regard

manufacturing and
assembly work of water
turbine perform here only.
 Water Turbine Manufacturing

1 to 4 machining and manufacturing along with governor assembly

5,6 and 7 Fabrication shop
8th bay for heat exchanger and cooler assembly.
 Turbine
Mainly two types
• Impulse turbine
• Reaction turbine

In an impulse turbine the water In a reaction turbine the water supplied

possessing kinetic energy is supplied to
the runner at Atmospheric pressure. The
flow through the runner is entirely at
atmospheric pressure, the force exerted by
the water being due to the impulse of the
jet.
• Pelton wheel Turbine
to the runner possesses energy which is
partly kinetic and partly pressure. Both
types of energies are converted into work
in the runner which results in a drop of
pressure and absolute velocity of water.
• Francis Turbine
• Kaplan Turbine
 Francis Turbine

1
Francis turbine are most prefer turbine and it contribute about 60% of total
hydraulic power capacity

Some of the main component are

• Spiral Casing
• Guide Mechanism
• Runner and
• Draft tube

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“ Francis Turbine

Francis turbine is a reaction turbine, which means

that the working fluid changes pressure as it moves
through the turbine, giving up its energy .

Spiral Casing Stay Vanes Draft Tube

Uniformly decreasing dia so the It steers the flow thus it reduces the swirl of Have larger dia so
water strikes the runner with the flow. convert velocity
uniform velocity. head to static head
Guide Vanes thus reduce the
• Flow rate control problem of
• Control the flow angle cavitation
The speed of turbine control by governor that
actually connect with guide vanes.
And
 Kaplan Turbine

2
It operates between low head and high flow which means
they are suitable when water is stored in big reservoir and at
relatively shallow altitude.
Runner is the main component.
The cross section of runner blade have a curve shape so when water flow over it
a lift force generates due to air foil effect. The rotation of runner transfer to a
generator for electricity production .
 Runner

Here guide vanes not only control but also control

swirl of the water

Cavitation is always there in Kaplan turbine so

damage can be reduce by suitable material of runner
blade and by the use of draft tube we reduce it to
very high portion.
3 Pelton wheel turbine
It operates between high head and low flow rate.
High speed water jet from nozzle strikes to the bucket of Pelton wheel to induces an
impulsive force that rotate the turbine. The rotating shaft connects with a generator that
generates the electrical energy.
 Guide mechanism:
Key elements of
This mechanism controls the quality of water
Pelton wheel turbine passing through the nozzle and striking the
bucket thus meeting the variable demand of
power. It maintains the speed constant of wheel,
when head varies.
Bucket and runner:
Each bucket is divided vertically into two parts
by splitter, which is the sharp edge at the center
giving the shape of double hemispherical cup .

Casing:
It does not have any hydraulic function toper
form. It is necessary only to prevent splashing
and to lead the water to tail race, and also
further safe guard against accidents

Hydraulic brakes
 Design and Application
Turbine selection is based mostly on the available water head, and less so on the available
flow rate. In general, impulse turbines are used for high head sites, and reaction turbines
are used for low head sites.

Typical range of heads

• Kaplan
2 < H < 40

• Francis
10 < H < 350

• Pelton
50 < H < 1300
 Specific Speed
The specific speed is the speed with which the turbine
turns for a particular discharge Q, with unit head and
thereby is able to produce unit power

Affinity laws
Affinity Laws allow the output of a turbine to be predicted based on
model tests. A miniature replica of a proposed design, about one
foot (0.3 m) in diameter, can be tested and the laboratory
measurements applied to the final application with high confidence.
Affinity laws are derived by requiring Similitude between the test
model and the application

Runaway speed
The runaway speed of a water turbine is its speed at full
flow, and no shaft load. The turbine will be designed to
survive the mechanical forces of this speed
 Conclusion
The Vocational training at BHEL Bhopal helped me in improving my practical knowledge
and understanding of Hydro turbine, its manufacturing and types to a large extent.
It helps me to understand area of interest and selection of area of specialization.
I learn basics of how to work as a team member to complete given tasks.
The training improve awareness about industrial environment and work culture of the
industry.
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