Name of Student : _______________________ Teacher Christie Kong Pui Ching

:
Class : Year 7 Einstein
Lesson : 4
Date : 12 September 2019 (Thurs)
Time : 1:25pm – 2:05pm

SRI BESTARI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Subject : Mathematics (1112)

Chapter/Topic : 1 Integers
Subtopic : 1.5 Prime numbers

1.5 Prime numbers

Prime numbers are numbers with exactly two factors―1 and the number itself.

There are eight prime numbers less than 20:

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19

1 is not a prime number because it only has one factor.

All prime numbers, except 2, are odd numbers.

Example 1.5.1
There are two prime numbers between 20 and 30. What are they?

23 and 29.

Example 1.5.2
Find all the prime factors of 30.

1 2 3 5 6 10 15 30

The prime factors of 30 are 2, 3, 5.

Example 1.5.3
Find two different prime numbers that add up to 26 .

3 and 23 or 7 and 19

Example 1.5.4
266 is the product of two prime numbers. Find these two prime numbers.

2 and 133

1
 There is a method of finding small prime numbers in a given range that was developed by
Eratosthenes in Greece over 2200 years ago and this method called “Sieve of
Eratosthenes” is still used in computer algorithms today.

The following number square shows the way for finding all the prime numbers from 1 to 100
.

The idea is to cross out all the numbers which are not prime numbers.

Start by crossing out 1 which is not a

prime number.

Put a box around the next number that

you have not crossed out (i.e. 2) and
then cross out all the multiples of that
number (i.e. 4 , 6 , 8 , 10, 12, … , …)

Next, put a box around the next

number that you have not crossed out
(i.e. 3) and then cross out all the
multiples of that number which you
have not crossed out already (i.e. 9 ,
15, 21, 27 , … , …)

Continue in this way (next put a box

around 5 and cross out multiples of 5)
and will you be left with a list of the
prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7 , 11, 13, 17 ,
19, 23, 29, 31, 37 , 41 , 43 , 47 , 53, 59,
61, 67 , 71, 73, 79, 83 , 89 and 97 .

Exercise 1.5

a Write down the prime numbers between 30 and 40 . How many are there?

There are two: 31 and 37 .

b Find the prime factors of 28.

1 2 4 7 14 28

The prime factors are 2 and 7 .

c Find the prime factors of 70.

1 2 5 7 10 14 35 70

The prime factors are 2, 5 and 7 .

2
d Find two different prime numbers that add up to 30.

7 and 23 or 11 and 19 or 13 and 17

e 305 is the product of two prime numbers. Find these two prime numbers.

5 and 61