Maths Review Guide

GRADE 5 - SEMESTER 1

This document is for internal use only/ Tài liệu lưu hành nội bộ
 TABLE OF
CONTENTS
1 Place values......................................................................1

2 Multiplying decimals using money............................2

3 Rounding decimals to the nearest whole number..3

4 Sequences.........................................................................4

5 Multiples and Factors....................................................5-6

6 Prime numbers and factors.........................................7-8

7 Coordinates.......................................................................9

8 Elapsed time......................................................................10

9 The order of operations..................................................11

 PLACE Place value in Maths
describes the

VALUES
position and value of
a digit in a number.

Place value in numbers with decimals

3, 2 6 7 . 1 6
What is the value of 3 in this number?
The 3 is in the thousands place. The value of 3 is 3000.

Write numbers in words and figures

Write numbers in words:

29 : twenty-nine
Write numbers in figures:
Twenty-nine thousand three hundred and fifty-six : 29,356

1
 MULTIPLYING
DECIMALS
USING MONEY

Multiplying decimals is similar to the multiplication

of whole numbers, the only difference is the
placement of the decimal point.

Step 1 Step 2
Ignore the decimals and
Look how many decimal
multiply the numbers
numbers are in the question.
normally.

Step 3
Put the decimal point into the
answers in the correct place.
The answer should have the
same number of decimal
places as the question.

Example:
Benjamin bought 12 goldfish. Each goldfish cost £0.98.
How much did Benjamin spend?
Answer:
0.98 He spent £11.76
x 12
11.76 →
(two decimal place)

2
 ROUNDING TO
THE NEAREST
WHOLE NUMBER

Rounding means making a number simpler

but keeping its value close to what it was.

Example:
Rounding 78.49 and 1.856 to the nearest whole number

Rounding to the nearest

Rules whole number
(Cách làm) (Làm tròn đến số nguyên gần
nhất)

Circle the number in the ones place. 78.49 1.856

Underline the number in the tenths place. 78.49 1.856

If the underlined number is 1,2,3 & 4, DO

NOT CHANGE the number in the circle.

If the underlined number is 5,6,7,8 & 9 → 78.00 2.000

PLUS 1 to the number in the circle.
= 78 =2
All of the digits behind the decimal point
turn to zeros.

3
 SEQUENCES

A sequence is a list of things (usually numbers) that

are in order.

A sequence usually has a rule, which is a way to find

the value of each term.
Example: the sequence {3,5,7,9, ...} starts at 3 and
jumps 2 every time:

→ Rule: plus 2

4
 MULTIPLES
AND FACTORS

Multiples Multiples of 2

Multiples are the 2x1 2

products we get
after multiplying 2x2 4
two whole
2x3 6
numbers.
→
4 x 2 = 8 8 is a 2x4 8
multiple of 2 or 4
2x5 10

Factors Factors of 24
Factors are whole 1 x 24
numbers we
multiply to make a 2 x 12
product.
→
5 x 6 = 30 5, 6 are 3x8
factors of 30
4x6

Example : Find the multiples and factors of 9.

numbers that are multiples of 9 : 9, 18, 27, 36 ...
numbers that are factors of 9 : 1, 3, 9

5
 MULTIPLES
AND FACTORS

Lowest common multiple and highest common factor

Multiples of 4 : 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, ...

Multiples of 6 : 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, ...
Common multiples: 12, 24, 36 ...
Lowest Common Multiple (LCM): 12

Factors of 4: 1, 2, 4
Factors of 6: 1, 2, 3, 6
Common factors: 1, 2
Highest Common Factor (HCF): 2

6
 PRIME NUMBERS
AND FACTORS

Prime numbers

The numbers that have only

two factors: 1 and itself.
Factors of 2 are 1, 2
Prime numbers
Factors of 3 are 1, 3
1-100
Factors of 4 are 1, 2, 4 2 3 5 7 11
Factors of 5 are 1, 5 13 17 19 23 29
Factors of 6 are 1, 2, 3, 6 31 37 41 43 47
Factors of 7 are 1, 7 53 59 61 67 71
Factors of 8 are 1, 2, 4, 8 73 79 83 89 97
Factors of 9 are 1, 3, 9
→ 2, 3, 5 and 7 are prime
numbers

7
 PRIME NUMBERS
AND FACTORS

Prime factor
A prime factor is a factor that is a prime number.
Ex: The prime factors of 36 are 2, 2, 3 and 3 (because
2×2×3×3 =36, and 2 and 3 are prime numbers).

Prime factor tree

36

2 18

Prime factor
2 9

Prime factor
3 3

Prime factor Prime factor

8
 COORDINATES

A coordinate grid has 2 perpendicular lines called axes. The

horizontal axis is called the x-axis. The vertical axis is called the
y-axis.
The x-axis and y-axis intersect at a point called the Origin.
(Trục x và trục y giao nhau tại 1 điểm gọi là điểm gốc.)
A coordinate is written in the brackets below: (x-coordinate, y-
coordinate). The x-coordinate always comes first.

Example: The coordinates for point A is written as: A=(3,4)

9
 ELAPSED
TIME
Elapsed time means how much time has passed

how long

1:15 5:30

TV show starts TV show ends

We can use 2 methods to find elapsed time

"Z method"

"The timeline"
Example:
Peter gets on the bus
at 6:45 a.m. He gets
off the bus at 8:03
a.m. How much time
has elapsed?

Total time: 15 minutes + 3 minutes+ 1 hour = 1 hour 18 minutes

10
 ORDER OF
OPERATIONS
(thứ tự ưu tiên trong phép tính)

The order of operations is a rule that tells you the steps to

follow when you are performing calculations.

Remember: BIDMAS
Brackets ( )
The three main steps for order of operations: Indices (term 2)
1. Do the parts in brackets first. Division ÷
2. Do the multiplication and division next.
Work from left to right to do this. Multiplication ×
3. Do the addition and subtraction last. Addition +
Work from left to right to do this.
Subtraction -

Do B, then I. Then do D or M, from left to right.

Lastly, do A or S from left to right.

Example: 5 x 9 - (4 - 2) ÷ 2 - (7 x 4)
Step 1: (brackets) 5 x 9 - 2 ÷ 2 - 28
Step 2: (multiply-divide) 45 - 1 - 28
Step 4: (add-subtract) 44 - 28
16

11
This document is for internal use only/ Tài liệu lưu hành nội bộ