Characteristics/Details

1st slide
Title: Traditional Architecture in Indonesia
 Because Indonesia has 33 provinces, each ethnic group has its own
particular style of traditional vernacular architecture, known as Rumah
Adat.
 Rumah Adat
 constructed of fiber, bamboo, and wood, and had sloping
roofs.
 these homes were built on stilts
 shock-absorption ability
2nd slide
Title: Religious Architecture in Indonesia
 Candi – religious structures
 ancient stone structure used for worship or to keep the remains of
cremated Hindu or Buddhist monarchs and priests.
 In these sacred buildings of Hindu and Buddhist origin, Indonesian
religious rites and rites are held
 Hindu Balinese - A single-celled stone or brick temple with portico,
entrance, and steps, capped with a pyramidal roof, and situated
inside a pura
3rd slide
Title: Religious Architecture in Indonesia
 Candi – religious structures
 follows the typical Hindu architecture traditions based on Vastu
Shastra
 The temple design included mandala temple plan arrangements as
well as the usual Hindu temple high towering spires.
4th slide
Title: Religious Architecture in Indonesia
 Candi – religious structures
 Candi's structure and layout acknowledge the zones' hierarchy.
 The temple's design, plan, and layout adhere to the law of space
allocation within three parts, which are often referred to as the foot
(base), body (middle), and head (top) (roof).

 Bhurloka (Kāmadhātu) is the lowest world of common mortals,

including people, animals, and demons. Where passion, desire, and
an evil way of life still bind humanity. The kingdom of bhurloka is
represented by the outside courtyard and the foot (base) component
of each temple.

  Bhuvarloka (Rupadhatu) is the midway realm of holy beings, rishis,
ascetics, and lesser gods. People in this place began to realize the
truth for what it was. The realm of bhuvarloka is portrayed by the
center courtyard and the body of each temple.
 Svarloka (Arupadhatu), also known as svargaloka, is the highest and
holiest realm of gods. The svarloka realm is represented by the inner
courtyard and roof of each temple. The roof of a Hindu temple is
typically capped with a ratna (sanskrit: jewel) or vajra, or, in the
eastern Java era, a cube structure.
5th slide
Title: Religious Architecture in Indonesia
 Mosques
 initial mosques had elaborate gateways and multi-tiered roofs
 typically, pyramid-shaped structures supported by four pillars were
used.
6th slide
Title: Religious Architecture in Indonesia
 Mosques
 mosques were created in the 19th century in the manner of global
Islamic architecture
 includes minarets and domes

7th slide
Title: Colonial Architecture in Indonesia
 When the Dutch first came, they preferred to construct dwellings out of
masonry and brick.
 In the hot and humid climate, this proved to be disastrous.
 local elements such as eaves and porticos were combined
 neoclassical and neo-gothic influence - columns and verandahs
7th slide
Title: Post-Independence Architecture in Indonesia
 glass, steel and concrete
 ornaments were rejected, replaced by transparency and balance in most
structures
 the government began to encourage indigenous architectural styles
 Modern structures were capped with Meru-style multi-tiered roofs or
Minangkabau-style roofs.