SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 14 Instructor: J.T.

P1

Given a chemical equation.

Given the volume of any gases at STP.
Wanted the volume of any other gases.

1.30 L of ethylene gas burns completely. What volume of

oxygen is required if both gas volumes are measured at STP?

C2H4(g)+ O2(g) → CO2(g) +H2O (l)

Balance it:

C2H4(g)+ 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) +2H2O (l)

C2H4 ≡ O2
1 mol ≡ 3 mol
1 mol × 22.4 L/mol ≡ 3 mol × 22.4 L/mol
22.4 L ≡ 67.2 L
1.30 L ≡ ?

? = 3.90 L

The volume of one mol of any gas at STP is 22.4 L

SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 14 Instructor: J.T. P2
Example:
Goal: Calculate the molar volume of a gas:

What is the molar volume of CO2 at 39°C and 652 torr?

PV =n RT

V RT
=
n P

V (0.082 L atm mol K ) (39 + 273 K )

=
n (652 / 760 atm)
V
= 29.9 L / mol
n
Example: If the molar volume of a gas is 23.6 L/mol,
how many moles are in 2.14 L?
V
= 23.6 L / mol
n
2.14 L
= 23.6 L / mol
n
2.14 L
n=
23.6 L
mol
SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 14 Instructor: J.T. P3
Example:
A sample of helium has a density of 0.62 g/L. What is its
molar volume under these conditions?

V
=?
n
m
d = = 0.62 g / L
V
m
V=
0.62

m
n=
(MM )

m
n=
4.003 ( g mol )

m
V m 4.003 4.003 g mol g L
= 0.62 = × = = 6.46 ( × ) = 6.5 L
n m 0.62 m 0.62 g L mol g mol
4.003
SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 14 Instructor: J.T. P4
V ( MM )
molar volume = =
n d
Example:
What is the molar mass of a gas if its STP density is
1.12 g/L?

V RT
molar volume = =
n P

V ( MM )
molar volume = =
n d

V RT ( MM )
= =
n P d

At STP: P = 1 atm, and T =273 K

(0.082) (273) ( MM )
=
1 1.12

(MM) = 25.1 g/mol

L atm g 1 g
( MM ) = 0.082 ( ) × 273 ( K ) × 1.12 ( ) ( ) = 25.1
mol K L atm) mol
SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 14 Instructor: J.T. P5
Example:
What volume of oxygen, measured at STP, can be produced
by the decomposition of potassium chlorate if 10.0 g of the
salt is completely decomposed according to the equation?

2 KClO3 → 2KCl + 3 O2

2KClO3 ≡ 3O2
2 mol ≡ 3 mol
2 mol ≡ 3×22.4 L
(10.0/122.55) mol ≡ ?

10.0 × 3 × 22.4
= 2.74 L
122.55 × 2

Example:
1.00g of Fe3O4 is formed in the reaction:
4 H2O(g) + 3 Fe(s) → Fe3O4 (s) + 4H2 (g)
How many liters of hydrogen are also formed, at STP?

Fe2O3 ≡ 4H2
1 mol ≡ 4 × 22.4 L
(1.00/231.55) mol ≡ ?
1.0 × 4 × 22.4
= 0.387 L of H 2
231.55 × 1
SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 14 Instructor: J.T. P6

Example:
How many liters of hydrogen, measured at 20°C and 750
torr, are required to react with 55.2 g of aluminum oxide in the
reaction: Al2O3 +3H2 →2 Al +3H2O

Al2O3 ≡ 3H2
1 mol ≡ 3×?L
1 mol ≡ 3 × 24.36 L
55.2 (g) /101.96 (g/mol) ≡ ?

P1 V1 P2 V2
=
T1 T2
Experimental State ≡ STP

750 V1 760 × 22.4

=
( 20 + 273) 273

V1= 24.36 L

1 mol Al2O3 ≡ 3 × 24.36 L of H2

55.2 (g) /101.96 (g/mol) ≡ ?

55.2 ( g ) × 3 × 24.36 ( L)
?= = 39.6 L of H 2
1 (mol ) × 101.96 ( g / mol )
SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 14 Instructor: J.T. P7
Example:
If 15.0 L of hydrogen, measured at 22°C and 732 torr,
reacts with excess carbon monoxide, what volume of
methanol, measured at 345°C at 1.12×103 torr, will be
produced?

To covert the hydrogen measurement condition (1) into the

methanol measurement condition (2):

P1 V1 P2 V2
=
T1 T2

732 × 15.0 1.12 ×10 3 × V2

=
(22 + 273) (345 + 273)

10980 1.12 ×10 3 × V2

=
(295) (618)

V2 = 20.538 L hydrogen, at 345°C at 1.12 ×103 torr

Hydrogen ≡ Methanol
2 mol ≡ 1 mol
(2 × V) L ≡ (1×V) L
20.538 L ≡ ?
1 V ( L)
? = 20.538 ( L) × = 10.3 L of methanol
2 V ( L)
SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 14 Instructor: J.T. P8
Example:
A 399 mL sample of methane at 45°C and 656 mm Hg is
burned, producing carbon dioxide gas, which is captured,
separated and cooled to 5°C. The pressure of the CO2 sample
is adjusted to 7.50×102 mmHg. What is its volume?

2 C2H6 (g) + 7 O2 (g) → 4 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (g)

We should adjust all measurements regarding the same

condition.

P1 V1 P2 V2
=
T1 T2

656 × 399 750 × V2

=
(45 + 273) (5 + 273)

V2 = 305.09 L of methane, at 5°C and 750 mm Hg

Methane ≡ Carbon dioxide

2 mol ≡ 4 mol
(2×V) L ≡ (4×V) L
305.09 L ≡ ?
4V ( L)
? = 305.09 L × = 610 L of CO2
2V ( L)
SCC-CH110/UCD-CH41C Chapter: 14 Instructor: J.T. P9