HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

EGYPTIAN ARCH’RE – 3rd MIL. BC.

- THE ARCHITECTURE OF EGYPT FROM THE 3rd. MILLENIUM
B.C. TO THE ROMAN PERIOD. ITS MOST OUTSTANDING
ACHIEVEMENTS ARE ITS MASSIVE FUNERARY MONUMENTS
& TEMPLES BUILT OF STONE FOR PERMANENCE,
FEATURING ONLY POST-AND-LINTEL CONSTRUCTION
& CORBEL VAULTS W/ OUT ARCHES & VAULTING.

WEST ASIATIC ARCH’RE

1. ASSYRIAN
2. BABYLONIAN
3. PERSIAN

ANCIENT NEAR EAST ARCH’RE

1. EARLY MESOPOTAMIAN - 5th -2nd MIL. B.C.
2. ASSYRIAN & BABYLONIAN - 1859-539 B.C.

CLASSICAL ARCHI’RE
- THE ARCH’RE OF HELLENIC GREECE & IMPERIAL ROME ON
W/C THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE & SUBSEQUENT STYLES
SUCH AS THE BAROQUE & THE CLASSICAL REVIVAL BASED
THEIR DEV’T.
- THE ARCH’RE ORIGINATING IN ANCIENT GREECE OR ROME,
THE RULES & FORMS OF W/C WERE REVIVED BASED TO
ESTABLISH THE RENAISSANCE IN EUROPE IN THE 15th & 16Th
CENTURIES.
-
1. a. AEGEN - 3,000-1,100 B.C.
b. GREEK - 650 –30 B.C.
2. a. ETRUSCAN - 750-100 B.C.
b. ROMAN - 300 B.C.-300 A.D.

EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCH’RE - 313-800 A.D.

- THE FINAL PHASE OF ROMAN ARCH’RE FROM THE 4th TO
THE 6th CENT.,
PRIMARILY IN CHURCH BUILDING. COEVAL W/ & RELATED TO
THE RISE OF BYZANTINE ARCH’RE.

BYZANTINE ARCH’RE - 330-1453

- THE ARCH’RE OF THE BYZANTINE OF EASTERN ROMAN
EMPIRE W/C
DEV’P FROM EARLY CHRISTIAN & LATE ROMAN
ANTECEDENTS IN THE
 4Th CENT. , FLOURISHED PRINCIPALLY IN GREECE, BUT
SPREAD WIDELY
& LASTED THRU-OUT THE MIDDLE AGES UNTIL THE FALL OF
CONS-
TANTINOPLE TO THE TURKS (1453).
- IT IS CHARACTERIZED BY LARGE PENDENTIVE-SUPPORTED
DOMES,
ROUND ARCHES & ELABORATE COLUMNS, RICHNESS IN
DECORATIVE
ELEMENTS, & COLOR.

ISLAMIC ARCH’RE – 7th CENT.

ROMANESQUE – 9th – 12th CENT.

- THE STYLE EMERGING IN WESTERN EUROPE, BASED ON
ROMAN &
BYZANTINE ELEMENTS, CHARACTERIZED BY CLEAR PLANS,
MASSIVE
ARTICULATED WALL STRUCTURES, ROUND ARCHES, &
POWERFUL VAULTS, & LASTING UNTIL THE ADVENT OF
GOTHIC ARCH’RE IN THE
MIDDLE OF THE 12th CENT.

GOTHIC ARCH’RE – 12th. – 15th. CENT.

- THE ARCH’L STYLE OF THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES IN WESTERN
EUROPE,
W/C EMERGED FROM ROMANESQUE & BYZANTINE FORMS
IN FRANCE
DURING THE LATER 12th CENT. ITS GREAT WORKS ARE
CATHEDRALS,
- CHARACTERIZED BY POINTED ARCH, THE GRADUAL
REDUCTION OF THE WALLS TO A SYSTEM OF RICHLY
DECORATED FENESTRATION. GOTHIC LASTED UNTIL THE
16th CENT. , WHEN IT SUCCEEDED BY THE
CLASSICAL FORMS OF THE RENAISSANCE.

1. FRANCE
a. EARLY PHASE - 12th CENT.
b. NIDDLE PHASE (RAYONNANT – 13th – 14th CENT.
c. LATE PHASE (FLAMBOYANT) - LATE 15th CENT.
 RAYONANNT- CHARACTERIZED BY RADIATING LINES OF
TRACERY.
FL AMBOYANT – CHARATERIZED BYFLOWING A FLAME-LIKE
TRACERY.

2. GERMANY a. EARLY GOTHIC b. HIGH GOTHIC

c. LATEN GOTHIC

RENNAISANCE ARCH’RE - 15th – 19th CENT.

- REFERS DIRECTLY TO THE RESTORATION OF ANCIENT
ROMAN STANDARDS AND MOTIFS IN ITALY DURING THWE
15th & 16th CENT. IN ARCH’RE, THE TERM DESCRIBES THE
REVIVAL OF CLASSICAL FORMS & THEIR INERPRETATIONS
W/C SPREAD THRU-OUT WESTERN EUROPE
& BEYOND IN SUBSEQUENT CENTURIES.(REBIRTH)

- CHARACTERIZED BY THE USE OF THE CLASSICAL ORDERS,

ROUND ARCHES, & SYMMETRICAL COMPOSITION.

1. ITALY
a. EARLY RENNAISANCE - 15th CENT.
b. HIGH RENNAISANCE & PHOTO BAROQUE
- 16th CENT.
(PALLADISM) (MANNERISM)
th
c. BAROQUE - 1750-1830 (17 CENT)

PALLADISM – A MODE OF BLDG FOLLOWING THE STRICT ROMAN

FORMS, A SET FORTH IN THE PUBLICATIONS OF THE
ITALIAN REN. ARCH’T. ANDREA PALLADIO (1508-1580). STYLE
BASED ON A CLOSED STUDY OF ANTIQUITY.

MANNERISM - TRANSITIONAL STYLE IN ARCH’RE & THE ARTS IN THE

LATE 16th. CENT, CHARATERIZED IN ARCH’RE BY
UNCOVENTIONAL USE OF CLASSICAL
ELEMENTS.

BAROQUE – IS CHARACTERIZED BY INTERPRETATION OF OVAL SPACES,

CURVED SURFACES, & CONSPICUOUS USE DECORATION,
ACULPTURE, & COLOR. ITS LAST PHASE IS CALLED
“ROCOCO”.
BOLD, OPULENT & IMPRESSIVE TYPE OF ARCH’RE.
ARTIQUARIAN – THE PHASE IN WESTERN EUROPIAN RENASSAINCE
ARCH’RE 1750-1830, WHEN RENED INSPIRATION WAS
SOUGHT FROM ANCIENT GREEK & ROMAN
ARCH’RE ( NEO CLASSICAL)

ROCOCO – ( FR. ROCALLE – ROCKWORK) A TERM APPLIED TO TYPE OF

RENAISSANCE ORNAMENT IN W/C ROCK-LIKE FORMS,
FANTASTIC SCROLLS, & CRIMPED SHELLS ARE WORK
UP TOGETHER IN A PRO- FUSION & COMFUSION OF
DETAIL OFTEN W/ OUT ORGANIC COHERENCE BUT
PRESENTING A LAVISH DISPLAY OF DECORATION.

2. FRANCE
a. EARLY PERIOD - 15th (1494-1589)
b. CLASSICAL PERIOD - 16th (1589-1715)
c. LATE PERIOD - 18th (1715-1830)

3. SPAIN
a. EARLY PERIOD - 1492-1556
PLATERSQUE - 15th-16th CENT.
b. CLASSICAL PERIOD - 1556-1690
c. LATE PERIOD - 1650-1830
1. BAROQUE - 1650-1750
2. ANTIQUARIAN - 1750-1830

4. BRITAIN / ENGLAND
a. EARLY RENAISSANCE - 15th CENT.
1. ELIZABETH - 1558-1603
2. JACOBEAN - 1603-1625
th th
b. LATE RENAISSANCE - 16 -18 CENT.
1. STUART - 1625-1702 (16th)
2. GEORGIAN - 1702-1830(17th)

PLATERESQUE ARCH’RE – “SIVERSMITH-LIKE”; THE RICHLY

DECORATIVE STYLE OF THE SPANISH
RENAISSANCE.

ELIZABETHAN ARCH’RE – THE TRANSITIONAL STYLE BETWEEN GOTHIC

& RENAISSANCE IN ENGLAND, NAMED
AFTER ELIZABETH I; MAINLY COUNTRY
HOUSES, CHARATERIZED BY LARGED
MILLIONED WINDOWS & STRAPWORK
ORNAMENTATION.
JACOBEAN ARCH’RE – ENGLISH ARCH’L & DECORATIVE STYLE OF THE
EARLY 17th CENT. , ADAPTING THE ELIZABETHAN STYLE TO CONTI
NENATL RENAISSANCE INLUENCES; NAMED AFTER JAMES I

GEROGIAN ARCH’RE – THE PREVAILING STYLE OF THE 18th CENT. IN

GREAT BRITAIN & THE NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES, SO NAMED AFTER
GEORGE I, II, III, BUT NOT INCLUDE GEORGE IV. DERIVED FROM
CLASSICAL,RENAISSANCE, & BAROQUE FORMS.

PICTURESQUE – TERM IN A SPECIALIZED SENSE TO DESCRIBE ONE OF

THE ATTITUDES OF TASTE TOWARDDS ARCH’RE & LANDSCAPE
GARDENING IN THE LATE 18th & EARLY 19th CENT. BLDG’S &
LANDSCAPE WERE TO HAVE THE CONTROLLED INFORMALITY OF A
PICTURE.

FILIPINO ARCH’TS & THEIR WORKS

JUAN N APKIL JUAN ARELLANO

1. Q.I HOSPITAL
2. QUIAPO CHURCH – RECONSTRUCTION
3. MABINI SHRINE, BATANGAS
4. RIZAL’S HOME – RESTORATION
MAPUA
5. BONIFACIO MONUMENT W/
GUILLERMO TOLENTINO
6. SSS & SN. MIGUEL CHURCH
7. UP ADMI BLDG & CONSERV. OF MUSIC
1. CITY HALL MLA. W/ TOLEDO
2. METROPOLITAN THEATER,
RENOV BY O. ARELLANO
3. RIZAL MEMORIAL (BPW)
4. POST OFFICE W/ TOMAS
5. AGRICULTURE BLDG.W/
ANTONIO TOLEDO
6. LEGISLATIVE BLDG.
7. SUPREME COURT

FEDERICO ILUSTRE ANTONIO TOLEDO

1. QUEZON MEMORIAL CIRCLE 1. CITY HALL MLA. W/ J.
ARELLANO
2. OLD M.I.A. 2. LEGISLATIVE BLDG. W/ J.
ARELLANO
3. G.S.I.S. 3. AGRICULTURE BLDG. W/ J.
ARELLANO
4. VETERANS MEMORIAL BLDG.(BPW) 4. FINANCE BLDG
5. ASIAN INST. OF TECH, BANGKOK

CECAR CONCIO CARLOS ARGUELLLES

1. BACLARAL CHURCH 1. ABS-CBN, QC.
2. US PROTESTANT CHURCH 2. DEV’T BANK OF THE PHIL.,
MAKATI
3. PERPETUAL HELP CHURCH 3. MANILA HILTON
4. UP ENGR’G & LIBERAL ARTS BLDG. 4. UP LOS BANOS,MASTER
PLAN
5. CHILDRENS HOSPITAL 5. UP SOCIAL SCIENCE &
HUMA-
NITIES CENTER

WILLIAM PARSONS FERNANDO OCAMPO

1. MALACANANG 1. MANILA CATHEDRAL,
 REHABILITATION
2. MANILA HOTEL 2. UST CHAPEL
3. P.G.H. – ( TOMAS MAPUA) 3. ANTIPOLO CHURCH
4. PHIL. NORMAL COLLEGE 4. AMBASSADOR HOTEL
( 1st. SKYCRAPER)

DANIEL BURNHAM PABLO ANTONIO

1. BAGUIO 1. MANILA POLO CLUB
2. LUNETA PARK 2. F.E.U. MAIN BLDG.
3. OLD CONGRESS BLDG. (LEGISLATIVE BLDG.) 3. LYRIC IDEAL THEATER
4. JAI ALAI

GABRIEL FORMOSO ANTONIO HERRERA

1. CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILS. 1. SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH,
INTRAMUROS
2. ASIAN INST. OF MGT. , MAKATI

JOSE MARIA ZARAGOSA FR. ROQUE ROANO

1. STO. DOMINGO CHURCH 1. U.S.T. MAIN BLDG.
2. QUIAPO CHURCH, 1985 RESTORATION

CARLOS SANTOS VIOLA RUFINO ANTONIO

1. IGLESIA NI KRISTO 1. ARANETA COLISEUM
2. NEW ERA RICHARD KISSLING
(SWITZERLAND)
3. RUSTAN’S Q.C. 1. RIZAL MONUMENT
4. SULO HOTEL, RECONSTRUCTION LOUIS CROFT
1. QUEZON CITY, MASTER
PLAN
GENARO PALACIOS C.C. DE CASTRO
1. SN SEBASTIAN CHURCH 1. ATOMIC REACTION, Q.C.
2. SHOEMART SM,

LEANDRO LOCSIN PABLO ANTONIO JR.

1. U.P. CATHOLIC CHAPEL 1. FREEDOM CENTER,
(EDSA
2. ST. ANDREW’S CHURCH , MAKATI COR. WHT. PLAINS)
3. N.A.I.A. , NEW AIRPORT RENATO PUNZALAN
4. MLA. HOTEL, NEW 1. VISTA DE LORO,
(PUERTO
5. CCP, PICC, FAT , PHILCITE, ETC. 2. 1995 – UAP DESIGN
AWARD
6. 1976 – MOST BEAUTIFUL HOTEL IN FOR ARCH’RE.
THE WORLD ANDRES LUNA DE SAN
PEDRO
7. 1987 – LIKHA AWARDEE (UAP HIGHEST) 1. SAN BEDA CHAPEL
8. 1990 – NATIONAL ARTIST 2. MALACANANG
RESIDENCE

FRANCISCO MANOSA ANTONIO SIDIONG

1. EDSA SHRINE 1. ANTONIO PACIFIC
2. COCONUT PALACE 2. PACIFIC PLAZA
3. LAS PINAS CHURCH, RESTORATION 3. ALI-MALL
4. SANMIGUEL OFFICE BLDG. ORTIGAS 4. CHINA BANK, PASEO
DE
ROXAS
 5. SM

ROGELIO VILLAROSA LUIS ARANETA

1. TEKTITE TOWER 1. STELLA MARIS
COLLEGE
2. NATIONAL BOOKSTORES 2. MAKATI MEDICAL
3. KING’S COURT I & II CENTER
4. SILAHIS (GRAND BLDG) HOTEL PRC AWARDEE FOR 1996-36
OUTSTANDING
5. SHANGRILA EDSA PLAZA 1. ANTONIO TURALBA –
ARCH’RE
6. SHANGRILA HOTEL, MAKATI 2. CEZAR CONCIO –ENVIRON-
MENTAL PLANNER

HEZAGON ARCH’TS – NAT’L LIBRARY RUPERTO GAITE

1. ZARAGOSA, JOSE MARIA 1. QUEZON CITY HALL
2. ARGUELLES, CARLOS
3. LUCERO, EDMUNDO
4. FAJARDO, FRANCISCO
5. DE LEON, GAVINO
6. DE DIOS CEZAR, VERGEL

CONSTRUCTION TERMS (VERNACULAR)

KING POST - PENDULON SIDING (EXT) - TABIKE
QUEEN POST - PRASES PARTITION - DINGDING
TRUSS - KILO STUD (VERTICAL) - PILARETE
TOP CHORD - TAHILAN HORIZONTAL STU - PABALAGBAG
B OTTOM CHORD – BARAKILAN , TIRANTE BASEBOARD - RODAPIS
COLLAR PLATE - SINTURON POST - POSTE / HALIGI
RAFTER - KILO FOOTING - BASE FUNDACION
PURLIN - REOSTRA DIAGONAL BRACE - PIE DE GALLO
FASCIA BOARD - SENEPA NEIL SETTER - PUNSOL
CEILING JOIST - KOSTILYAHE MOULDING - MULDURA
FLOOR JOIST - SOLERAS TRELLIS - PERGOLA
GIRT - SEPO (KAPATAS)
GIRDER - GUILILIAN – SEPO FOREMAN - MAESTRO DE
OBRA
FLOOR - SUELO LABORER - PIYON
SILL - GUILILAN-SEPO MASON - KANTERO
TINSMITH - LATERO
STAIR - HAGDAN DOOR/WINDOW JAMB – HAMBA
TRED - BAYTANG DOOR/WINDOW HEAD- SUMBRERO
RISER - TAKIP SILIPAN DOOR FILLET OR
ASTRAGAL - BATIDORA
HANDRAIL - GABAY PANELED DOOR - DE BANDEJA
STRINGER (OPEN) – HARDINERA WINDOW STILL - PASAMANO
STRINGER (CLOSE) – MADRE RABBET/REBATE - BASIADOR
( DE ESCALERA)
LANDING - MESA, MESITA WATER CLOSET - INODORO
GABLE ROOF - DOS AGUAS BATH TUB - BANYERA
HIP ROOF - QUATRO AGUAS LAVATORY - LABABO
RIDGE ROLL - CABALLETE KITCHEN SINK - PRIGADERO
DOWNSPOUT - TUBO BAHADA SHOWERHEAD - DUCHA
CONDUCTOR - ALULOD SEPTIC VAULT - POSO NEGRO
GUTTER /GROOVE - KANAL CALIKUM - OKUM
G.I.SHEET STRAP – LINGUETA CAULK COTTON - ESTOPA
G.I.SHEET CORR - HIERO KANALADO CAST IRON PIPE - TUBO PUNDIDO
G.I SHEET PLAIN - HIERO LISO G.I. PIPE - TUBO
GALBANISADO
W.I STRAP - PLANCHUEL

CONSTRUCTION TERMS ( VERNACULAR)

FRAME WORK - BALANGKAS
SCAFFOLDING - PLANCHA, ANDAMIYO
RAMP - ANDAMIO
SLOPE - BAHADA
PATTERN, SCHED. – PLANTILYA
STAKE - ESTAKA
PLUMBLINE - HULOG
AL8IGNMENT - ASINTADA
SPACING/GAP - BIENTO
CANOPY - MEDIA AGUA
EAVE - BIBE, ALERO
OVERHUNG - BOLADA
PROJECTION - BOLADA
ALTERNATE - UNO-SIN-OTRA
BOLT - PIERNO
MACHINE BOLT - PIERNO PASANTE
RIVET - REMACHE
SREW NUT - TUERKA
SREW THREAD - ROSKAS
CABINET HINGE - ESPOLON
BUTT HINGE - BISAGRA
SOLDER - HINANG
NICOLITE BAR - ESTANYO
PUTTY - MASILYA
ADOBE ANCHOR - LLAVE
WIRING/SPLIT KNOB
METAL WORK, TEMPER - SUBAN, SU
WASHER (LEAD) - PITCHA
WASHER (IRON) - CHAPA
PLASTTER/STUCCO - PALITADA
PLASTERED COURSE - KUSTURADA
PICK WORK - PIKETA
SCATCH COAT - REBUEDA
VARNISH - MONYEKA
CEMENT BRICK - LANDRILYO
CEMENT TILE - BALDOSA
WAINSCOTING TILE - ASOLEJOS
COCRETE SLAB - LARGA MASA
MANSORY - KANTERIALASTILYAS
MANSORY FILL 0 LASTILYAS
EARTH FILL - ESCOMBRO
SCRAPPED FILLER - BATAK
DRESSED LUMBER - SEPILLADO
WOOD GRAIN - HASPE
MITTER JOINT - KANTO MESA
MORTAR JOINT KUSTURA
FLUSH - ALAHADO
FEET - PIYE/PIE