TOPIC : STATISTICS

UNIT A : Measures of Central Tendency (mode, median, mean) of Ungrouped Data

Mode = Data that occurs most frequently

Median = The number that located in the middle of a set ascending numbers
Mean, x =
∑x
, N = Number of data
N

Find the mode, median and mean, x , of the following data.

(1) 1, 3, 6, 4, 3, 8, 3 (2) 2, 6, 9, 9, 5, 8, 3

(3) 12, 8, 15, 20, 12, 10, 12, 20 (4)

Score 0 1 2 3 4 5
Frequenc 4 2 5 1 6 3
y

(5) 5, 8, 3, 7, 9, 6, 3, 9, 5, 5 (6) 22, 12, 19, 15, 23, 21, 22

(7) 6, 12, 7, 9, 8, 4, 9 (8) 2.5, 2.3, 2.7, 2.9, 2.7, 2.7, 2.4

(9) (10)
Number 1 2 3 4 5 Number 0 1 2 3 4 5
of toys of
Frequenc 3 6 7 5 2 children
y Frequenc 3 11 7 6 2 1
y

(11) (12)
Score 1 2 3 4 5 6 Number 0 1 2 3 4 5
Frequenc 3 6 7 6 5 4 of
y children
Frequenc 6 12 4 3 2 1
y
(13) (14)
Number 1 3 5 7 8 Pocket 30 35 40 45 50
of money
(RM)
students Numbe 2 4 3 6 5
Frequenc 5 4 2 6 3 r of
y student
s

TOPIC : STATISTICS
UNIT B : Estimating the Mode of Grouped Data by using Histogram.

Complete the following frequency tables and hence draw their histograms and estimate their
modes.

(1) (2)
Mark Frequency Upper Boundary Age Frequency Upper Boundary
10 – 19 5 (year)
20 – 29 4 20 – 29 5
30 – 39 12 30 – 39 10
40 – 49 9 40 – 49 15
50 – 59 3
Modal class = Modal class =
Mode = Mode =

(3) (4)
Length (cm) Frequency Upper Boundary Score Frequency Upper Boundary
21 – 40 15 11 – 15 2
41 – 60 26 16 – 20 1
61 – 80 13 21 – 25 5
81 – 100 18 26 – 30 7
31 – 35 3

Modal class = Modal class =

Mode = Mode =

(5) (6)
Marks 31 – 40 41 – 50 51 – 60 Mass (kg) 21–30 31–40 41–50 51–60 61-70
Frequency 5 15 10 Frequency 7 12 18 6 5
Modal class = Modal class =
Mode = Mode =

(7) (8)
Time 1–5 6–10 11–15 16–20 21–25 Height 121– 131– 141– 151– 161–
(second) (cm) 130 140 150 160 170
Frequenc 1 3 5 7 2 Frequency 1 3 5 7 2
y

Modal class =
Modal class = Mode =
Mode =

(9) (10)
Mass (kg) 30–39 40–49 50–59 60–69 70–79 Length 10–14 15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34
Frequenc 10 8 3 15 10 (cm)
y Frequenc 10 8 3 15 10
y
Modal class = Modal class =
Mode = Mode =

TOPIC : STATISTICS
UNIT C : Estimating the Median and the Mean of Grouped Data by Calculation.

Find the medians from the following frequency tables.

N
-F
2
Median = L + C
fm

N = Total frequencies
L = Lower boundary of the class containing the median
C = Size of the class interval
F = Cumulative frequency before the class containing the median
f m = Frequency of the class containing the median

(1) (2)
Mark Frequency Mark Frequency
1 – 10 5 11 – 20 4
11 – 20 11 21 – 30 12
21 – 30 14 31 – 40 18
31 – 40 10 41 – 50 6
(3) (4)
Height (cm) Frequency Mass (kg) Frequency
10 – 19 5 20 – 24 4
20 – 29 4 25 – 29 8
30 – 39 14 30 – 39 11
40 – 49 6 40 – 49 20
50 – 59 1 50 – 59 7

∑ fx
Mean, x =
∑f

Complete the following frequency tables and then find their means.

(1) (2)
Score Frequency Class fx Mass Frequency Class fx
(f) mark (x) (kg) (f) mark (x)
10 – 14 5 21 – 30 12
15 – 19 11 31 – 40 20
20 – 24 14 41 – 50 28
25 – 29 7 51 – 60 16
30 – 34 3 61 – 70 14
∑f = ∑ fx = 71 – 80 10
∑f = ∑ fx =
(3) (4)
Score Frequency Class fx Mass Frequency Class fx
(f) mark (x) (kg) (f) mark (x)
40 – 44 8 51 – 60 12
45 – 49 10 61 – 70 18
50 – 54 16 71 – 80 25
55 – 59 9 81 – 90 10
60 – 64 7 91 – 100 9
∑f = ∑ fx = 101 –200 6
∑f = ∑ fx =

(5) (6)
 Length Frequency Class fx Amount Frequency Class fx
(cm) (f) mark (x) (RM) (f) mark (x)
11 – 15 8 20 – 39 3
16 – 20 14 40 – 59 7
21 – 25 18 60 – 79 10
26 – 30 15 80 – 99 14
31 – 35 5 100 – 119 5
∑ = f ∑ fx = 120 – 139 1
∑f = ∑ fx
=

TOPIC : STATISTICS
Unit G : Variances and Standard Deviation of Ungrouped Data.

A. Find the mean, variance and standard B. Find the values of m and standard
deviation of the following sets of deviations of the following.
data.
[ Mean, x = x ,
N

Variance,  2 = x 2

 ( x )2
N

Standard Deviation ,  =
var iance

1) 4, 5, 7, 10 1) The mean of 2, 4, 5, 9, m is 6.
 2) 4, 8, 10, 14 2) The mean of 2, 3, 6, m, is 4

3) 3, 4, 7, 8, 10 3) The mean of 1, 5, m, 8 is 7

4) 3, 8, 5, 7, 9, 6 4) The mean of 9, 5, 9, 5, 5, 13, m is 8

5) 17, 18, 19, 14, 12 5) The mean of 28, m+12, 34, 36 and
2m is 34.

C. Find the values of y and standard D. Calculate  x and  x of the2

deviation of the following following.

1) The mean of y, y-2, y+6, 2y-1, 2y+3 1) Set Q contains 40 score of x. The
and y-4 is 7 mean is 6 and the standard deviation is 13

2) The mean of 2y, y+3, y+5, y-2, y-1 and 2) Set Q contains 50 score of x. The
2y-1 is 6 mean is 4 and the standard deviation is 2.
3) The mean of y, 7+y, 11, 3y and y-6 is 9. 3) Set P contains 60 score of x. The
mean and standard deviation are 8 and 1
respectively.

TOPIC: STATISTICS
Unit D: Measures of Dispersion (range and interquartile range) of Ungrouped Data.

1
Number arranged Q1 – Lower quartile ( N)
a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k in ascending order 4
3
Q3 – Upper quartile ( N )
Q1 Q2 Q3 4
Q2 – Median
Range = Largest number – smallest number
=m-u

Interquartile range = Q3 –Q1

A. Find the range and interquartile range for each of the following

1. 2, 3, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 9, 11, 12, 13 2. 3, 4, 5, 5, 7, 9, 10, 10, 10, 14, 16

Range= Range=

Q1 = Q1 =

Q3 = Q3 =
Interquartile range = Interquartile range =

3. 5, 6, 8, 9, 9, 9, 10, 11, 12, 12, 14, 16 4. 6, 7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 10, 11, 11, 12, 13, 15

Range= Range=

Q1 = Q1 =

Q3 = Q3 =

Interquartile range =
Interquartile range =

5. 6.
Score Frequency Cumulative frequency Score Frequency Cumulative frequency
1 2 0 1
2 8 2 4
3 18 4 7
4 13 6 10
5 9 8 13
6 10 10 5

Range= Range=

Q1 = Q1 =

Q3 = Q3 =

Interquartile range = Interquartile range =

B. Calculate the range, lower quartile, upper quartile and interquartile range.

1. 4, 2, 4, 0, 3, 5, 8, 5, 3, 2, 3 2. 18, 41, 75, 93, 65, 50, 67, 55, 88, 53, 63, 45
3. 4.

Number 0 1 2 3 4 5 Score 0 1 2 3 4 5
of coins Frequency 3 6 11 18 12 7
Frequency 7 6 12 8 7 5

5. 6.

Number 0 1 2 3 4 5 Mass (kg) 50 51 52 53 54 55

of books Frequency 2 3 10 20 8 7
Number 10 14 20 26 20 10
of
students

TOPIC: STATISTICS
Unit E: Measures of Dispersion (range and interquartile range) of Grouped Data.

A. Complete the following cumulative frequency tables and then find the interquartile range.

1. 2.
 Mark Frequency ( Cumulative Mark Frequency ( Cumulative
f ) frequency f ) frequency
1-5 3 1-5 2
6 - 10 7 6 - 10 10
11 -15 16 11 -15 18
16 – 20 25 16 – 20 14
21 - 25 9 21 - 25 6

Q1 = Q1 =

Q3 = Q3 =

Interquartile range = Interquartile range =

3. 4.
Mass (g) Frequency ( Cumulative Height (cm) Frequency ( Cumulative
f ) frequency f ) frequency
10 – 19 10 30 – 39 3
20 – 29 14 40 – 49 7
30 -39 25 50 -59 16
40 – 49 18 60 – 69 25
50 - 59 13 70 - 79 9

Q1 = Q1 =

Q3 = Q3 =

Interquartile range = Interquartile range =

B. Estimate the median, lower quartile, upper quartile and interquartile range without using the
ogive.
1.
Mass (kg) 41-45 46-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 66-70
Frequency 8 5 12 20 16 7

The table shows the mass of students in two classes.

2.
Marks 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80
Number of 8 7 15 22 17 9
students

The table shows the marks scored by students in a tuition centre.

3.
Marks 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79
Frequency 3 5 10 15 8 7 3
3.
Temperature 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44
(0C)
Frequency 3 5 10 15 8

TOPIC: STATISTICS
Unit F: Estimating the Median (Q2) and the Quartiles (Q1 and Q3) of Grouped Data by using
Cumulative Frequency Curve (Ogive).

1.

Length (cm) Frequency Cumulative Upper boundry

Frequency
25-29 0
30-34 6
35-39 17
40-44 20
45-49 10
50-54 5
55-59 2

Median =

Q1 =

Q3 =
Interquartile range=

2.

Length (cm) Frequency Cumulative Upper boundry

Frequency
10-19 0
20-29 8
30-39 9
40-49 13
50-59 18
60-69 20
70-79 10
80-89 2

Median =

Q1 =

Q3 =

Interquartile range=