Boston Grammar School

Knowledge Organiser
Year 8 - Term 3
 “As knowledge increases, wonder deepens.” Charles Morgan
Instructions for use Years 7 - 9 Week 1 Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3
On a Week 1 you should undertake knowledge organiser homework. Monday French RE Maths
Each night you should study the identified subject knowledge organiser trying to Tuesday Geography Science German
learn the information to the extent that you can recall it. You can undertake Wednesday English Music History
different subjects on different nights, if it suits you, but it is easier to stick to an Thursday Maths Computing Science
agreed timetable.
Friday Music DT English
You should spend about 30 minutes on each of the identified subjects. Weekend Art Catch up Catch up
You should keep the evidence of this studying in; the back of your exercise book,
your general notebook or your own personal notebook.
If in school, you must bring this evidence in to school on Week 2 to show your subject teacher. If you are not in school, your teacher will let you
know how they will check the evidence. The knowledge organiser pack can stay at home as other copies will be kept in school. Failure to undertake
and show evidence of this homework will result in follow up from your teacher or Head of Year.
Exceptions
RE – you will continue to receive normal homework from your teacher which will be posted on SMHW.
MFL – you will receive a separate vocab booklet and instructions will be posted on SMHW.

How to study with knowledge organisers

In tutor sessions you undertake study skills work through BGS Mindset or VESPA, identifying and practicing key memory techniques:

 Look, cover, write, check

 Low stakes quizzing with a friend or family member, or make flashcards for yourself
 Brain dump – write down everything you can remember, review and then go again
 Get creative: mindmaps, flowcharts, diagrams, etc.
 Write some challenging questions or even some multiple-choice questions and answer them the following day
 Create fill in the blank sentences and then complete them the following day
 Making recordings and listen to them at appropriate times
 Mnemonics, acrostics, roman room method, memorable stories
 Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Art – Modigliani

Key Concepts About Modigliani Modigliani was a friend and associate of both Key Characteristics of Modigliani Key Words
Pablo Picasso and Constantin Brancusi, two of Paintings
Amedeo Clemente Modigliani (12 July 1884 – 24 the most famous and influential artists of the  Experimental
January 1920) was an Italian painter and sculptor 20th century.
 Simplified
who worked mainly in France. • Simplified features.
 Elongated
He is known for portraits and nudes in a modern All three of the artists were significantly
• Elongated necks and faces.  Abstracted
style characterized by elongation of faces and influenced by their familiarity with the  Influenced
figures, which were not received well during his African masks seen on display in Paris during
lifetime, but later found acceptance. the early years of their careers. • Sloping shoulders.  20th Century
 Proportional
He died at age 35 in Paris of tubercular meningitis. In Modigliani paintings, comparisons can be • Simple, interior background  Elegant
drawn between the elongated and simplified
features and figures of his portrait sitters and
scenes.  Modernism
the elongated and simplified features of  African masks
traditional African masks and sculpture. • Neutral pastel colours.  Brancusi
 Modigliani
The work of the Romanian sculptor Constantin The majority of Modigliani paintings are • Almost always portraits with  Picasso
Brancusi was perhaps the single most important portraits featuring simple interior spaces, often
interior backgrounds.
influence on Modigliani's creative development. including chairs as part of the composition.  Tone
This may be in part due to the artists on going
• Influenced by African  Rendering
ill health in adult life.
masks, Picasso and  Blending
Although Modigliani is best known as a painter, he Modigliani shocked Europe at the turn of the Brancusi.  Background
focused on sculpture early on in his career, and, 19th century with his series of nudes, and his  Interior
some writers have argued, he may have regarded exhibition at a Paris gallery was closed by
his true calling as that of sculptor. police on its opening day. • Numerous controversial  Exterior
nudes.
The sculptures Modigliani created in 1909-14 - of One of those paintings recently sold for £116
which twenty-five carvings and one woodcut million ($157million)
survive - were highly influential on his work as a
painter, helping him arrive at the abstracted and
linear style of his painting.
Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Computing – Python Programming
Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Computing – Python Programming
Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: DT – Buggy
Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: DT – Clock
Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: English – Dystopian Fiction
Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Geography – Powerful Planet
 Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: History – 1500 to 1750 Early Stuarts and the English Civil War
Key players
Duke of Buckingham, George Villiers – One of Charles I’s favourites later
murdered.
Earl of Strafford – One of Charles I’s favourites that Parliament insisted should
be and was executed.
William Laud – Archbishop of Canterbury and advisor to Charles.
Thomas Fairfox – Leader of the Parliament’s forces during the war.
Charles I – Monarch at the time of the English Civil War
Oliver Cromwell – Colonel in Parliament’s army that later rose to become ruler.
Key dates
1603 – James VI of Scotland becomes James I King of England.
1605 – Gunpowder Plot as Catholics try to blow up Parliament
1625 – Charles becomes King and marries a catholic princess against
Parliament’s wishes.
1628 – Charles becomes dissolves Parliament and rules for 11 years without
them.
1636 – Charles introduces the English Prayer book into Scotland. It creates riots.
1640 (Apr) – Charles calls a parliament to get money to fight a war. They refuse
and he dissolves it. It is called the Short Parliament.
1640 (Aug) – Scotland invade England and Charles raises an army without
Parliament but it is easily defeated by the Scots.
1640 (Nov) – Charles calls Parliament again and has to make concessions.
Strafford is executed and Laud imprisoned.
1641 (Sep) – Ireland rebel but Parliament won’t give the King an army in case he
uses it against them.
1641 (Nov) – Parliament demand concessions called the Grand Remonstrance.
1642 (Jan) – Charles takes troops into Parliament and tries to arrest 5 MPs.
1642 (Jun) – Parliament offer a peace deal called the 19 propositions and whilst
Charles accepts it he is very unhappy.
1642 (Aug) – Charles leaves London for Nottingham and raises his standard
calling his supporters to his side. Parliament follows suit and war begins.
1642 – Start of the English Civil War.
1642 (Oct) – Battle of Edgehill ends in a draw.
1644 (Jul) – Battle of Marston Moor a key victory for Parliament.
1645 (Jun) – Battle of Naseby the final defeat for Charles.
1646 – Charles hands himself in to the Scots who promptly pass him to Parliament.
1647 – Charles escapes and restarts the war but quickly loses again.
1649 (Jan) – Charles is put on trial and executed.
1649 to 1652 – The country is ruled by The Rump Parliament
1653 – Cromwell replaces The Rump Parliament with the Barebones Parliament then
dismisses them. Cromwell made Lord Protector.
1654 to 1658 – Cromwell rules the country under strict puritan rules.
1658 – Cromwell dies; his son takes over but quickly gives it up.
Key terminology
Civil War – a war between sides from the same country.
Roundheads – a nickname given to people that supported the Parliament (also called
Parliamentarians).
Cavaliers – a nickname given to people that supported the King (also called Royalists).
Parliament – the assembly of people who pass laws to help run the country.
New Model Army – Parliament’s redesigned army that helped win the war.
Propaganda – information, especially biased or misleading, used to promote a point of
view
Puritans – A group of devout protestants.
Levellers and Diggers – groups that wanted a more equal society.
The Commonwealth/Inter regnum/The Republic – all names given to the period 1649 to
1660.
Lord Protector – Title given to Oliver Cromwell as ruler.
Divine Right of Kings – The belief that God chose the Ruler so their power came from God.
Deeper contextual knowledge and understanding
Many counties created their own armies to keep both the King’s and Parliament’s armies
out.
Cromwell promoted people based on talent rather than social standing in the NMA
 Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Maths – Chapter 7 Lines and Angles
Topic/Skill Definition/Tips Example
1. Types of quadrilateral A quadrilateral is any flat shape with four straight
edges. The four angles of a quadrilaterals will sum
to 360o, meaning missing angles can be calculated.

2. Parallel Lines Two lines are parallel if they will never meet. We
denote this by drawing arrows on pairs/sets of
parallel lines.

3. Alternate angles When a line crosses two parallel lines it creates a

‘Z’ shape.
Inside the Z shape are alternate angles.
Alternate angles are equal.
Alternate angles are on different (alternate) sides
of the diagonal line.
 Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Maths – Chapter 7 Lines and Angles

Topic/Skill Definition/Tips Example

4. Corresponding angles When a line crosses two parallel lines it creates an
‘F’ shape.
There are corresponding angles on an F shape.
Corresponding angles are equal.
Corresponding angles are on the same
(corresponding) side of the diagonal line.

5. Interior and exterior An interior angle is the angle between two

angles touching sides of a polygon. An exterior angle is
the angle between one side of a polygon and the
extension outward of another touching side (see
example).

6. The sum of the interior Sum of interior angles of an 𝑛-sided polygon = For the sum of the interior angles of an 8-sided shape:
angles of a polygon 180°(𝑛 – 2)
180°(8 – 2)
= 180° x 6
= 1080°
7. Solving geometric Write an equation and solve the equation. Angles in a triangle = 180o
problems
3𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 90𝑜 = 180𝑜
5𝑥 + 90𝑜 = 180𝑜
5𝑥 = 90𝑜
𝑥 = 18𝑜
 Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Maths – Chapter 8 Calculating with Fractions
Topic/Skill Definition/Tips Example
1. Common Denominator Fractions with the same denominator are said to 1 5 7
, and 12 are said to have a common denominator of 12.
12 12
have a common denominator.
2. Comparing Fractions To compare fractions, they each need to be 9 4 17 12 15
, , , ,
20 20 20 20 20
rewritten so that they have a common Put in to ascending order :
denominator. 4 9 12 15 17
, , , ,
Ascending means smallest to biggest. 20 20 20 20 20

Descending means biggest to smallest.

3 5
3. Adding and subtracting Rewrite the fractions so that they have a common + 12
36
fractions denominator. Rewritten with the same denominator
Add or subtract the numerators, keeping the 1 5
= 12 + 12
denominator the same.
6 1
Simplify the resulting fraction. = 12 = 2

3 2
4. Multiplying fractions To find the resulting numerator, multiply the two x
4 5
original numerators. 3x2
= 4x5
To find the resulting denominator, multiply the two
6
original denominators. = 20
Simplify the fraction. = 10
3
Sometimes we can simplify the fractions before
Simplifying before multiplying:
multiplying to make the calculation easier. 2 3 1 1 1
x = x =
8 9 4 3 12

3 2
5. Dividing Fractions ‘Keep it, Flip it, Change it – KFC’ ÷5
4
Keep the first fraction the same. 3 5
= 4 x2
Flip the second fraction upside down. 15
Change the divide to a multiply. = 8
7
Simplify the resulting fraction. = 18
 Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Maths – Chapter 8 Calculating with Fractions
Topic/Skill Definition/Tips Example
6. Writing an integer as a Any integer can be written as a fraction with 1 as 4 can be written as 4
1
fraction the denominator.
1 1
7. Adding and subtracting We can add and subtract mixed numbers by adding 3 4 + 12
with mixed numbers or subtracting the integers first, then rewriting the 1 2
=3+1+4+4
fractions with the same denominator and adding or
3
subtracting these. =44
It can be easier to change mixed numbers into
improper fractions before subtracting.
1 2
8. Multiplying and Change the mixed numbers into improper fractions, 34 x 23
dividing with mixed then follow the method for multiplying and dividing 13 8
= x
numbers fractions. 4 3
104 26 2
= = = 83
12 3
Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Music
Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Science – Breathing and Respiration
Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Science – Unicellular organisms
Knowledge Organiser – Year 8 Term 3: Science – Energy Transfers