Eslam Fahmy
https://t.me/splenotes
00201011922837
Definition
1 ry • First hand information,
meaning that you are
reading author's own
account on specific topic.
2ry • Indexing and abstracting
systems that organize
• provide easy retrieval of 1 ry
resources.
ry • 1ry and 2ry resources
3
information which has been
collected and distilled.
• They present summaries.
Review articles and editorials are not 1ry resources.
❖ Consumer health information:
National library of medicine
FDA
Thomson health care
Merck
National women's health information center
Drug information resources
Examples Advantages Disadvantages
• Study designs 1- Access to detailed 1- Misleading conclusion based on the results of only
• Journal article of original research information about a topic. one trial without the context of other researches.
• Conference papers 2- Ability to personally 2- Need good skills in medical literature
• Dissertations assess the validity and 3- Time needed to evaluate large volume of data
• Technical reports utility of study results. available.
3- More recent than 2ry or
• Patents
3ry resources
• Medline (PubMed, EBSCO, Ovid)
• Iowa drug information service (IDIS) ❌❌❌ ❌❌❌
• International pharmaceutical
abstracts (IPA)
• LexisNexis Review articles
• Google scholar
• Textbooks/Books 1- Lag time between publication and tertiary resource
• ATLAS ❌❌❌ 2- Information in 3ry resource may be incomplete
• Treatment guidelines 3- Errors in transcription and interpretations
• Dictionary 4- Human bias
• Encyclopedia 5- Lack of experience
• Electronic data bases
a- Micromedex
b- Lexicomp
• Facts and comparisons
• Review articles in journals
www.medlinelus.gov
www.fda.gov
www.gettingwell.com
www.merckhomeedition.com
www.4women.gov
 Eslam Fahmy
https://t.me/splenotes
00201011922837

Text books Databases/Applications

Adverse drug • Meyler's side effects of drugs • Dailymed
reactions • Side effects of drugs annual 40 • EMC
• EMA
• Drugs@FDA
• Medscape
• Drug.com
• Rxlist
Pharmaceutical • Trissel's stability of compounded formulations ❌❌❌
compounding • Remington the science and practice of pharmacy
• Pediatric drug formulations
IV medications • Handbook of injectable drugs • ASHP's interactive handbook on
compatibility and • King guide to parenteral admixtures injectable drugs
stability • Pediatric injectable drugs
Renal dose • Drug prescribing in renal failure ❌❌❌
adjustment • The renal drug handbook
• Renal pharmacotherapy
Medication safety • Drugs in pregnancy and lactation • Lexicomp
in pregnancy and • Drugs during pregnancy and lactation • Micromedex
lactation • Hale's medications and mothers' milk • Medicines Complete
• Brigg's drugs in pregnancy and lactation • Clinical Key
Drug interactions • Stockley's drug interactions • Lexi interact
Drug laboratory • Basic skills in interpreting laboratory data
interference • Laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures
Pediatric dosage • Pediatric injectable drugs
recommendations • Neonatal formulary
Pharmacokinetics • Winter's basic clinical pharmacokinetics
• Applied biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics
Pharmacology • Basic and clinical pharmacology
• Good and Gilman's the pharmacological basis of
therapeutics
Pharmacotherapy • Pharmacotherapy a pathophysiologic approach • Uptodate
• Pharmacotherapy principles and practice • Dynamed plus
• Micromedex
• Access Pharmacy
• Access medicine
• Clinical Key
• BMJ best practice
Toxicology • Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies • NIH
• Casarett and Doull's toxicology • LiverTox
• Poisoning and drug overdose • Toxnet
Herbal, natural ❌❌❌ • NIH - Dietary supplements label
products and database
alternative • Medline plus – Herbs and supplements

medicine • Altmedex
International • Martindale the complete drug reference
drugs
Identification of ❌❌❌ • Identidex
unknown pills • Lexi-drug ID
Clinical trials ❌❌❌ • Pubmed
• ClinicalTrials.gov
 Eslam Fahmy
https://t.me/splenotes
00201011922837
Color drug refrences

Orange book FDA • Provides a list of approved drug products and indicates which drugs can be
interchanged (e.g. Zocor can be substituted with simvastatin)

Pink book CDC • Provides information on epidemiology and vaccine-preventable diseases

Purple book FDA • Provides list of biological drug products and indicates which biological
products are biosimilar

Red book Pharmacy • Provides drug pricing information

(Micromedex)

Red book Medicine • Summaries of infectious diseases

(AAP) • Summaries of antimicrobial treatments
• Summaries of vaccination
Yellow book CDC • Provides health information for healthcare professionals who advise
international travelers of health risks, vaccines and prophylaxis medications.

Green book FDA • Provides information about approved animal drug products
 Eslam Fahmy
https://t.me/splenotes
00201011922837
Questions
1- Which of the following statements is TRUE about tertiary resources?
a) Tertiary resources should not include a bibliography.
b) Textbooks usually include the most recent literature and/or information.
c) Tertiary resources include computer databases and textbooks
d) The credentials and expertise of the authors of a tertiary resource are not important
===========================================
2- Which of the following resources would be appropriate for identifying a drug manufactured in a foreign
country?
a) Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference
b) Clinical Pharmacology
c) Trissel's stability of compounded formulations
d) AHFS
===========================================
3- Which of the following resources could be appropriate for identifying the tablets with the imprint code of
APO-K 600?
a) Identidex
b) Lexi-Drugs ID (Lexicomp Online)
c) Brigg's drugs in pregnancy and lactation
d) A and B
===========================================
4- Which of the following resources could be appropriate for determining the adverse effects of ginkgo
biloba?
a) Altmedex
b) Natural medicines database
c) Trissel's stability of compounded formulations
d) A and B
===========================================
5- Which of the following resources would be appropriate in evaluating the drug interaction between
Clopidogrel and escitalopram?
a) Lexi-Interact
b) Trissel's stability of compounded formulations
c) Stockley's drug interactions
d) A and C
============================================
6- Which of the following resources would be appropriate for determining whether Amlodipine causes
edema?
a) Brigg's drugs in pregnancy and lactation
b) Trissel's stability of compounded formulations
c) Meyler's side effects of drugs
d) Stockley's drug interactions
=============================================
7- What resource should be used when searching for the most current clinical trials on the use of novel
anticoagulants for pulmonary embolism?
a) Pharmacotherapy, the pathophysiologic approach
b) PubMed
c) Uptodate
d) Micromedex