DRRR ACTIVITY SHEET 5

Basic Response Procedures

1. Get out of the building. Gases in smoke can disorient an adult in under a minute.
2. Don’t assume that anyone else has already called the fire department. If you get a chance to call, do so.
3. Calling your friends & family may not be of immediate help. It can wait. Call them once you are safe.
4. Stay calm when you call the fire department. Give the informationthey a request like precise floor no, street,
landmarks, the intensity of the fire.

In your Workplace/School when you notice a fire:

1. Sound the fire alarm. SHOUT “FIRE! FIRE! FIRE!”
2. Evacuate as per normal fireprocedure.
3. Leave the building immediately. Use the nearest fire exit.
4. Do not use elevators. Always use emergencystairs.
5. Walk quickly but don’t run. ALWAYS STAYCALM.
6. Do not delay your exit trying to collect your belongings.
7. Assemble at the fire evacuation area and report to fire officers.
8. Do not go home. Rescuers need to ensure that all occupants are safely out of the building & are accountedfor.
9. Do not return inside the building until told to do so.

If you are stuck in a room & there is a fire outside the door:
1. Feel the door with the back of your hand (more nerve endings, more sensitive to touch). If the door feels warm
to the touch, DO NOT attempt to open it. Stay in the room.
2. Stuff the cracks around the door with wet towels, rugs, bedding, and cover vents to keep smoke out. Fire is
attracted to oxygen & room, not on fire has more oxygen than a room onfire.
3. Call BFP and tell them exactly where you are located. Do this even if you can see BFP on the streetbelow.
4. Wait at a window and signal for help with a flashlight or by waving a bright cloth.
5. If possible, open the window at the top and bottom, but do not break it, you may need to close the window if
smoke rushes in.

If your clothes catch on fire use STOP DROP & ROLL TECHNIQUE
1. DO NOT RUN. It will spread the fire across your body.
2. Stop where you are, drop to the ground & roll back and forth
3. Spread across flat on the ground. DO NOT curl up.
4. Roll from your back to your front repeatedly till the fire is squashed.
5. After the flames are extinguished, get up & remove the clothing.
6. Burnt clothing can burn you. This is no time to be shy. If you have to remove all clothes, just get naked.

THE R.A.C.E. ACRONYM AND FIRE EXTINGUISHER USE

If you are involved in a fire, remember R.A.C.E. to help you respond safely and correctly:
R = RESCUE anyone in immediate danger from the fire if it will not endanger your life.
A = ALARM: sound the alarm by calling the emergency hotline in your area and activating a pull station alarm
box.
C = CONFINE the fire by closing all doors and windows
E = EXTINGUISH the fire with a fire extinguisher or EVACUATE the area if the fire is too large for afire
extinguisher.
PROPER USE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS (P.A.S.S.)
To use fire extinguishers correctly, remember the P.A.S.S. acronym:
P = PULL the pin on the fire extinguisher
A = AIM the extinguisher nozzle at the base of the fire
S =SQUEEZE or press the handle
S = SWEEP from side to side until the fire appears to be out.

A fire emergency evacuation plan (FEEP) is a written document that includes the action to be taken by
all staff in the event of a fire and the arrangements for calling the fire brigade.
Fire safety and evacuation plans
Your plan must show how you have:
1. A clear passageway to all escaperoutes.
2. Clearly marked escape routes that are as short and direct as possible.
3. Enough exits and routes for all people to escape.
4. Emergency doors that open easily.
5. Emergency lighting where needed.
6. Training for all to know the evacuation plan and how to use the escape routes.
7. A safe meeting point for everyone.
Activity 1: Drawing
Directions: Think of ways you can help your community reduce fire hazards/disasters. Express your ideas
in a drawing inside the box.

Drawing details.
1. Use any art materials.
2. It should be with title and caption.
 DRRR ACTIVITY SHEET 6

Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is a term used for reducing and preventing disaster risks. It is founded
on the principle that while hazards are inevitable, its adverse effects like lost lives and/or destruction of
property are not. There are steps that we can do to ensure reduction of risks. DRR actions can be political,
technical, social and economic.
Before we proceed to the principles to DRR, it is essential that we first understand what a “disaster” actually
entails. Defining the concepts of Disaster Risk, the terminologies and their definitions are obtained from Republic
Act 10121 or the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010.

A. Disaster – the disruption of a community’s function which exceeds its ability to cope and recover on
its own. It may involve widespread losses and impacts whether human, material, economic, or
environmental.
Disasters are often described as a result of the combination of several things: the exposure to a
hazard; the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and insufficient capacity or measures to reduce or
cope with the potential negative consequences.
B. Exposure – the degree to which the elements at risk are likely to experience hazard events of different
magnitudes.
C. Disaster Risk – the potential loss in human lives, health status, livelihood, assets, and services due
to the effects of a disaster.
D. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) – the concept and practice of analysis and management of the
causes of disasters, through reducing exposure to hazards, lessening vulnerability, wise management
of the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events, to reduce disaster risks
Disaster risk reduction usually requires long-term planning across sectors and must be integrated
into general national and regional development strategies. DRR strategies usually begin with plans for
assessing (a) the hazards and risks that threaten the target area, (b) the extent of harm that would occur to
communities and infrastructure, and (c) the vulnerable people’s capacities to cope with and recover from
possible disasters.
E. Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) – the systematic process of using all available
manpower and resources to implement various methods to lessen the impacts of hazards and the
likelihood of a disaster

Principles of DRR and Management

● Disaster management is the responsibility of all spheres of government.
● Disaster management should use resources that exist for a day-to-day purpose.
● Organizations should function as an extension of their core business.
● Individuals are responsible for their own safety.
● Disaster management planning should focus on large-scale events.
● Disaster management planning should recognize the difference between incidents and disasters.
● Disaster management operational arrangements must recognize the involvement and potential role
of non-government agencies.

Four Thematic Areas of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)

The four thematic areas of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) are based on the
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP) for 2011 – 2028. The terminologies
and their definitions are obtained from Republic Act 10121 or the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Act of 2010.

Thematic Area 1: Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

Disaster Prevention includes the measures taken to avoid the unfavorable impacts of hazards and
related disasters. Disaster Mitigation is the lessening or limiting the adverse impacts of hazards and
related disasters
Overall responsible government agency: Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
Thematic Area 2: Disaster Preparedness
It is the knowledge and capacity to effectively foresee, respond, and recover from the impacts of
hazard events or conditions.
Overall responsible government agency: Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)
Thematic Area 3: Disaster Response
This includes the availability of services to assist affected groups during or immediately after a
disaster, intending to save lives, reduce impacts, ensure safety, and meet the basic needs of affected
groups.
Overall responsible government agency: Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
Thematic Area 4: Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
Rehabilitation refers to the ability of affected communities to return to their normal functions by
increasing their organizational capacity to restore livelihood and damaged facilities. Recovery includes the
actions and measures taken after a disaster to rebuild, restore, or improve the living conditions of the affected
community while reducing the risks of disaster.
Overall responsible government agency: National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA)

The significant activities under the 4 thematic areas include:

1) Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
 Early warning systems
 Flood forecasting and monitoring
 Hazard and risk mappings
 Structural and non-structural interventions
2) Disaster Preparedness
 Contingency planning
 Prepositioning and stock-piling
 Capacitating and organizing responders
 Training, drills and exercises
 Pre-Disaster Risk Assessment
3) Disaster Response
 Rapid Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis (RDANA)
 Issuance of advisories and situation reports
 Activation of Response Clusters and Incident Command System (ICS)
 Mobilization of responders
 Humanitarian assistance (eg relief distribution)
 Provision of financial assistance
 Management of evacuation centers
4) Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
 Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA)
 Enhancement of policies and plans
 Reconstruction using “build back better” approach
 Resettlement
 Provision of new sources of livelihood

Importance of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

Based on the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the implementation of disaster risk
reduction enables countries or communities to target the priorities for actions:

1. Identification, assessment, and monitor disaster risks and improve early warning systems.
2. The reduction of underlying risk factors.
3. Utilization and application of knowledge, innovation, and education to establish a culture of safety
and resilience at all levels.
4. To intensify disaster preparedness for effective response and recovery at all levels, from
national down to local levels.

ACTIVITY

Paint me a picture!
Directions: Draw a picture describing the disaster. Then discuss – how did the disaster happen? What
actions did the community take? What would you do? Discuss briefly.

Reference: DRRR Department of Education Alternative Delivery Mode

Prepared by: ANGELO B. GARCIA
Subject Teacher