DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

MECHANIC OF MATERIAL LABORATORY

LAPORAN MAKMAL
LABORATORY REPORT

Kod & Nama Kursus DAC 20801 MAKMAL BAHAN DAN STRUKTUR
Course Name & Code (MAKMAL BAHAN)
DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND CANTILEVER
Tajuk Ujikaji
APPARATUS
Title of Experiment (Experiment No.1)
Seksyen
Section 7
Kumpulan
Group 3
Nama Pensyarah/Pengajar
Lecturer/Instructor’s Name DR KHAIRI BIN SUPAR
Nama Ketua Kumpulan Muhamad Amirun Aiman bin No. Matrik AA200548
Name of Group Leader Amir Matric No.

Ahli Kumpulan No. Matrik Penilaian (%)

Group Members Matric No. Assessment (%)
1. Muhamad Noriman bin
AA200353 Teori, Objektif & Prosedur 10
Zainudin Theory, Objectives & Procedures
2. Muhammad Fadhli bin
AA200182 Data 25
Mohamad Haluwi Data
3. Muhammad Alif Syahmi
AA200777 Analisis & Keputusan 25
bin Mohd Zin Analysis & Result
Perbincangan
4. Discussion
15
Kesimpulan & Cadangan
5. Conclusion & 15
Recommendation
Penyertaan
6. 5
Participation
Tarikh Ujikaji Rujukan
Date of Experiment
14 APRIL 2021 References
5
Tarikh Hantar JUMLAH
Date of Submission TOTAL
100

ULASAN PEMERIKSA/COMMENTS COP DITERIMA/RECEIVED STAMP

 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
Centre of Diploma Studies

Lab Report Rubric (Assessment Form) DAC 12503– MECHANIC OF MATERIAL Test Title: DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND
CANTILEVER APPARATUS

Criteria 1 2 3 4 5 SCR WT TSCR (%)

Theory,  Theory and other information  Theory and other information  Theory and other information  Theory and other information  Theory and other information
objective, regarding the laboratory are not regarding the laboratory are regarding the laboratory are regarding the laboratory are regarding the laboratory are well 2
procedure presented presented minimally partly presented presented with some mistakes presented
(10%)
Data  Data is not represented or is not  Data lacks precision  Good representation of the data  Accurate representation of the  Accurate representation of the data
(25% accurate  Greater than 20% difference using tables and/or graphs data using tables and/or graphs using tables and/or graphs
) with accepted values  Less than 15% difference with  Data is fairly precise  Graphs and tables are labeled and
5
accepted values  Less than 10% difference with titled
 Precision is acceptable accepted values  Data is precise with less than 5%
difference with accepted values
Analysis / Result  Trends / patterns are not  Trends / patterns are not  Trends / patterns are logically  Trends / patterns are logically  Trends / patterns are logically
(25%) analyzed analyzed analyzed for the most part analyzed analyzed
 Analysis is not relevant  Analysis is inconsistent  Questions are answered in  Questions are answered in  Questions are answered thoroughly and 5
complete sentences complete sentences in complete sentences
 Analysis is general  Analysis is thoughtful  Analysis is insightful
Discussion  No discussion was included or A statement of the results is  A statement of the results of the  Accurate statement of the  Accurate statement of the results of lab
(15%) shows little effort and reflection on incomplete with little reflection lab indicates whether results results of the lab indicates indicates whether results support
the lab on the lab support the hypothesis whether results support the hypothesis
3
hypothesis  Possible sources of error and what
 Possible sources of error was learned from the lab discussed
identified
Conclusion &  Conclusion & recommendation  Conclusion & recommendation  Conclusion & recommendation  Conclusion & recommendation  Conclusion & recommendation was
Recommendation was not presented was minimally presented was presented somewhat accurate was presented accurately and presented accurately and relevant to
(15%) and relevant to result obtain from relevant to result obtain from the result obtain from the laboratory work 3
the laboratory work laboratory work with minor
mistakes
Participation  Student was hostile about  Participation was minimal  Did the job but did not appear to  Used time pretty well. Stayed  Showed interest, used time very well,
(during participating be very interested. Focus lost on focused on the experiment most of guide other students and very focused on
experiment) several occasion the time experiment 1
(5%)
Reference  Reference was not presented in the  Reference was minimally  Reference was partly presented  Reference was presented in  Reference was presented in proper
(5%) report presented in the report in somewhat proper format and proper format and relevant to the format and relevant to the laboratory
relevant to the laboratory work laboratory work with some minor work
mistakes 1

NAME OF LECTURER: SIGNATURE: DATE: TOTAL SCORE: / 100

Note: SCR = SCORE, WT = WEIGHTAGE, TSCR = TOTAL SCORE

ii
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
Centre of Diploma Studies

STUDENT CODE OF ETHIC

(SCE)
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
CENTRE OF DIPLOMA STUDIES

We, hereby confess that we have prepared this report on our own effort. We also admit not to receive any help
from any third party during the preparation of this report and pledge that everything mentioned in the report is
true.

Student Signature (Group Representative)

Name: Muhammad Amirun Aiman Bin Amir

Matric No.: AA200548

Date: 1 June 2021

1
 Centre for Diploma Studies
Department of Civil Engineering
Title:
DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND CANTILEVER APPARATUS
(Experiment No.1)
1.0 OBJECTIVE
To study the characteristics of simply supported beam and cantilever beam.

2.0 THEORY

Shear and bending moment diagrams are analytical tools used in conjunction with structural analysis
to help perform structural design by determining the value of shear force and bending moment at a
given point of a structural element such as a beam.

A bending moment is the reaction induced in a structural element when an external force or moment is
applied to the element causing the element to bend. The most common or simplest structural element
subjected to bending moments is the beam. The example shows a beam which is simply supported at
both ends.
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
Centre of Diploma Studies

3.0 APPARATUS

1. The experimental set-up consists of Aluminum section structure

2. Specimen beam (Choose one of the following materials: Aluminum, Brass or Stainless Steel)
3. Dial Gauge
4. Weights with hanger
5. Magnetic stand
6. Support

Weights with Hanger Dial Gauge Magnetic Stand

Beam

Support

2
4.1 PROCEDURE

1. Place the structure on an equal, rigid, leveled surface.

2. Connect the supports on aluminum structure.

Figure 1: Simply supported beam

3. Ensure that structure & supports are firmly assembled.

4. Ensure that all the connections and fittings are properly done so that there are no movements
across joints.
5. Place beam on support for simply supported beam and insert bolts in holes provided on beam and
support for fixed beam (bolts are provided only to maintain the position of Beam on support)
6. Apply load on beam at particular distance and observe deflection of beam at that section on
dial gauge.
7. Note down readings in observation table.

5.0 OBSERVATION:

For simply supported beam

Length of beam (l) = 1120 mm
Breadth of beam (b) = 4 mm
Height of beam (d) = 270 mm
Distance between supports= 1120 mm

For cantilever beam

Length of beam (l) = 1100 mm
Breadth of beam (b) = 4 mm
Height of beam (d) = 250 mm
Distance between supports=1100 mm
OBSERVATION TABLE:
Table 1: Data collection
Length of Point of
Load Deflection
Material Type of Beam Beam application
(in Kg) (mm)
(mm) of load
Steel Simply supported
1200 Center 4 -37.606
beam
Steel Cantilever beam 640 At free end 0.7 -27.189
 CALCULATION:

For Simply Supported Beam:

Ra = Rb = F/2 = 19.61 N
For Cantilever Beam:

Ra = F = 6.86 Nm

6.0 RESULT

1)Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram for Simply Supported Beam
2) Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagram for Cantilever Beam

7.1 DISCUSSION

Two experiments were performed on two different types of beam.

Different conditions and result were discussed in details.
 The first type of beam is a simply supported beam with a length
of 1200mm and a point of application load of 4kg in the middle
of the beam, which results in a total deflection of 20.494mm.
 The second types of beam which is cantilever beam with the
length of beam at 640mm and the point of application load,0.7kg
at free end. The beam shows the total of deflection of 14.72mm.

This can be concluded that the experiment of same material used in this
experiment which is steel is different in every case and it depends on the
structure of the beam type. The results show that the simply supported
beam resulting larger deflection withlonger beam at 1200mm.
8.0 CONCLUSION

The target of researching and comprehending the many types of beams and the
effects of various elements on beam deflection was accomplished effectively. Two
experiments were carried out on two distinct types of beams under two distinct situations,
with the results computed and presented in depth. These tests show that the deflection of a
beam under a constant force is dependent on the length of the beam, the weights, and the
point of force application. It may also be stated that the same material experiment differs in
each situation and is highly dependent on the beam type. With a shorter beam of 640mm, the
cantilever beam resulted in a lesser deflection.
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
Centre of Diploma Studies

9.0 APPENDICES

iv
10.1 REFERENCES

1. https://www.slideshare.net/yashdeepnimje/deflection-of-simply-
supported- beam-and-cantilever
Access date: 23/04/2021
2. https://www.p-a-hilton.co.uk/products/strength-materials-
hsm/deflection- beams-apparatus
Access date: 20/04/2021
3. https://www.tecquipment.com/deflectionofbeamsit
Access date: 20/04/2021
4. https://www.tecquipment.com/deflectionofbeamscantileves
Access date: 20/04/2021