Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Rigid Pavement
AUSTROADS
Pd-T-14-2003
Tujuan Utama Penulangan
• Membatasi lebar retakan
• Memungkinkan penggunaan pelat yang
lebih panjang
• Mengurangi biaya pemeliharaan
• Penulangan Dowel untuk memastikan load
transfer di sambungan melintang
Penulangan Pada Rigid Pavement
• Penulangan pada Perkerasan Beton
Bertulang Bersambung (JRCP)
• Penulangan pada Perkerasan Beton
Bertulang Menerus (CRCP)
– Penulangan Memanjang
– Penulangan Melintang
• Penulangan pada Perkerasan Beton
Bersambung Tanpa Tulangan (JPCP)
Jointed plain concrete pavement
(JPCP).
Jointed reinforced concrete
pavement (JRCP)
Continuously reinforced
concrete pavement (CRCP)
AUSTROADS
Guide to Pavement Technology
Provision of Dowels
8
Dowel Bars (1/2)
• Dowel bars are short steel bars that provide a mechanical
connection between slabs without restricting horizontal joint
movement. They increase load transfer efficiency by allowing the
leave slab to assume some of the load before the load is actually
over it. This reduces joint deflection and stress in the approach and
leave slabs
• The purpose of plastic sleeve or debonding agent around dowels
bars in expansion joints is to minimize the frictional resistance
between the bar and its surrounding concrete. This is the reason
why plain round bars are usually used instead of deformed bars
which provide mechanical interlock with concrete and hence it
hinders the free movement of the dowel bar
Dowel Bars (2/2)
• Dowel bars are typically 32 to 38 mm (1.25 to 1.5 inches) in diameter, 460
mm (18 inches) long and spaced 305 mm (12 inches) apart
• In order to prevent corrosion, dowel bars are either coated with stainless
steel (Figure 1) or epoxy (Figure 2). Dowel bars are usually inserted at
mid-slab depth and coated with a bond-breaking substance to prevent
bonding to the PCC.
• Thus, the dowels help transfer load but allow adjacent slabs to expand and
contract independent of one another.
Figure 1 Figure 2
Provision of Tie Bars
• Tie bars prevent separation of the pavement at longitudinal joints,
whilst allowing warping or curling to occur without excessive
restraint. Their design and long-term integrity is of utmost
importance because their failure would create a ‘without-shoulder’
loading condition which could reduce the pavement design life by up
to 50%
• Tie bars are typically 12 mm in diameter, Grade 500N deformed
steel bars, 1 m long, placed centrally in the joint. The spacing is
determined in accordance with the subgrade drag theory (see
Equation 9.6) and is influenced by parameters such as base
thickness, interlayer friction, and distance to the nearest free edge of
pavement
11
Reinforcement of JRCP
Equation 9.6
12
Reinforcement of CRCP
-Longitudinal Reinforcement-
13
Reinforcement of CRCP
-Longitudinal Reinforcement-
14
Crack Spacing
15
Reinforcement of CRCP
-Transverse Reinforcement-
16
Pd-T-14-2003
Perkerasan Beton Bertulang Bersambung
(JRCP)
Tulangan Melintang atau Memanjang
Penulangan pada Perkerasan
Beton Bertulang Menerus (CRCP)
TULANGAN MEMANJANG :
Angka Ekivalensi (n)
Tulangan Melintang (CRCP)
• Sama dengan rumus tulangan (JRCP)
Tabel Luas Tulangan
- Tebal pelat = 18 cm
- Dicoba lebar pelat = 2 x 3,5 m
- Panjang pelat = 15 m
- Koefisien gesek antara pelat beton dengan pondasi
bawah = 1,3
- Kuat tarik ijin baja = 240 MPa
- Berat isi beton = 2400 kg/m3
- Gravitasi (g) = 9,81 m/dt2
Perkerasan Beton Bersambung Dengan Tulangan
•
Perkerasan Beton Bersambung Dengan Tulangan
•
Perkerasan Beton Menerus Dengan Tulangan
• Tebal pelat = 18 cm
• Lebar pelat = 2 x 3,5 m
• Kuat tekan beton (fc’) = 350 kg/cm²
• BJTP 24 (f y : tegangan leleh = 28300 psi = 1990 kg/cm2)
• BJTD 40 (f y : tegangan leleh = 47500 psi = 3340 kg/cm2)
• Es/Ec = 6
• Koefisien gesek antara beton dan pondasi bawah μ = 1,3
– fcf = 40 kg/cm²
– Ambil fct = 0,5 fcf = 0,5 x 40 = 20 kg/cm²
• Sambungan susut dipasang setiap jarak 75 m
• Ruji digunakan ukuran diameter 28 mm, panjang 45 cm dan
jarak 30 cm
Perkerasan Beton Menerus Dengan Tulangan
•
Perkerasan Beton Menerus Dengan Tulangan
•
Sambungan (Joint)
• Sambungan Muai (Expansion Joint)
– Jenis sambungan melintang yang dibuat untuk
membebaskan tegangan pada perkerasan beton
dengan cara menyediakan ruang untuk pemuaian
• Sambungan Susut (Contraction Joint)
– Jenis sambungan melintang untuk mengendalikan
retak akibat susut beton serta membatasi pengaruh
tegangan lenting yang timbul pada pelat akibat
pengaruh perubahan temperatur dan kelembaban
• Sambungan Pelaksanaan (Construction Joint)
– Jenis sambungan melintang atau memanjang yang
dibuat untuk memisahkan bagian2 yang dicor pada
waktu yang berbeda
Persyaratan Teknis Sambungan
Sambungan pada perkerasan beton semen ditujukan untuk :
•Membatasi tegangan dan pengendalian retak yang disebabkan oleh
penyusutan,
1 Sambungan Memanjang
•Pengaruh lenting serta beban lalu-lintas.
•Memudahkan pelaksanaan.
•Mengakomodasi gerakan pelat.
Jenis Sambungan
Sambungan
3 Isolasi 2 Sambungan Melintang
Sambungan Memanjang
Sambungan memanjang dengan
batang pengikat
Sambungan Pelaksanaan Memanjang
(tie bars)
At = 204 x b x h l = (38,3 x φ) + 75
At = Luas penampang tulangan per meter panjang
sambungan (mm2).
b = Jarak terkecil antar sambungan atau jarak
sambungan dengan tepi perkerasan(m).
h = Tebal pelat (m).
l = Panjang batang pengikat (mm).
φ = Diameter batang pengikat yang dipilih (mm).