the speed of the motor.

At the exit of head stock spindle with Chuck is provided to hold the work
piece.
5. Tailstock
It is mounted on the right side of the table. The main purpose of this is to hold the work piece
straight and at different alignment as per the requirement.

6. Wheel Head
It consists of Grinding Wheel and driving motor and mounted on the middle of the table by some
offset to the centre line of Tailstock and headstock. This is placed on the cross feed which moves
perpendicular to the workpiece. Feed for the grinding wheel can be provided by hand or power.
Types of Grinding Machine
Grinding machines are broadly classified into two categories which are further classified as
follows: –

A) Rough Grinder/Grinding Machines

Rough grinders are those types of grinders which are used to the machining process and where
the accuracy is not the main concern

1. Bench Grinder: ( Types of Grinding Machine )

Be
nch Grinder

Floor or bench grinders are the small grinders which are used in labs for grinding of small work
pieces. For example, cutting tools grinding are carried out by floor or bench grinders.

2. Portable Grinder: ( Types of Grinding Machine )

 Por
table Grinder

As name suggests, these are small and light weight grinders. These are used where carrying the
work piece to the grinder is not possible. In that case portable grinders are go to solution. These
are very small and compact that it can be carried in one hand. These are low power consuming.
For example, these are used in cutting of tiles and pipes.

3. Abrasive Belt Grinder: (Types of Grinding Machine)

 Abrasive Belt
Grinder

This is similar to the above type of grinders, but the main difference is that it is used in cutting
and machining operation. In this grinder belts having abrasive grains are used for operation
and transmission of power as well. These have high grain size. These are more costly than floor
and portable grinder.
4. Swing Frame Grinder: ( Types of Grinding Machine )
 Sw
ing Frame Grinder

Swing frame grinders are different from other grinders. As name says that the frame of grinding
machine is moveable which makes easy to use in complicated space. In this grinder frame can
independently move without moving the grinding wheel. This is used for heavy size work pieces.

B) Precision Grinder/Grinding Machines

1. Surface Grinder: ( Types of Grinding Machine )
 Sur
face Grinder

Surface grinder is mostly like small table structure. The main component of this is abrasive
wheel, a Chuck and a table which can swivel on the horizontal plane. The Chuck is used to hold
the work piece and the with the help of table work piece is fed towards the grinding wheel.
2. Cylindrical Grinder: ( Types of Grinding Machine )
 Cyl
indrical Grinder

Cylindrical grinders are big size grinders which are used to grind heavy parts. The main
components of this type of grinder are base, bed, headstock, tailstock, work table and grinding
wheel. The work piece is mounted on the Chuck of the headstock. When Chuck rotates the work,
piece is also rotating. The grinding wheel mounted beside the headstock is fed towards the work
piece by means of hand or power. Grinding wheel is driven by its own motor.
When grinding wheel comes in contact with work piece, due to relative velocity grinding
operation takes place. The grinding wheel is mounted on cross feed which can move it in
direction perpendicular to the work piece. This is more or like centre lathe machine type
structure.
3.Tool & Cutter Grinder: ( Types of Grinding Machine )
 To
ol & Cutter Grinder

Tool and cutter grinders are used in CNC machines because it has multiple grinding wheels axes
so that there is no need of changing the grinding wheel for the different operation. These grinders
are mainly used in sharpening and making of cutting tools like milling cutters, drills, endmills,
and step tools. It is widely used in metal cutting and wood working industries.

4. Internal Grinder: ( Types of Grinding Machine )

 Int
ernal Grinder

These grinders are used mainly for finishing process. In these grinders the abrasive particles are
mounted on the internal side of the grinding wheel. These are used for grinding of cylindrical
profiles from inside. These ranges from small to big size depending on the size of work piece.

 Surface grinding. ...
 Cylindrical grinding. ...
 Internal grinding. ...
 Centerless grinding. ...
Surface grinding

Surface grinding is generally called Heiken or Hiraken, which uses either a vertical axis grinding
machine or a horizontal axis grinding machine, with a square table or a circular table, and a
straight type wheel or a cup type wheel.
The workpiece is fixed on a table and the wheel is rotated at high speed to perform grinding. The
double-ended type is equipped with wheels above and below to perform grinding the workpiece
in between. Surface grinding is the most common grinding method and is used in a wide range of
fields.
Cylindrical grinding

Cylindrical grinding is often called Enken, using either a cylindrical grinding machine or a
universal grinding machine.
Both the cylindrical workpiece and the wheel are rotated and the outer periphery of the
workpiece is machined.
The various grinding methods include straight cylindrical, taper, end face, and total shape
grinding.
Similar to surface grinding, it is a general grinding method in wide use.

Straight Taper
 Total shape

Angular

Internal grinding

Internal grinding is also called Naiken, using an internal grinding machine or a cylindrical
grinding machine, or internal grinding equipment attached to a universal grinding machine.
The workpiece is fixed and the inner surface of the workpiece is machined with the rotating axle
wheel. Grinding may sometimes be performed by rotating the workpiece. Similar to the
cylindrical grinding, the grinding method includes taper and end face grinding.

Internal grinding