1.
A ____ represents the geometrical structure of
a power system network.
a. graph b. single line diagram c. impedance d.
reactance
2. The KVL or KCL equations do not depends
on the type of elements. ( True / False)
3. The KVL or KCL equations depends on the
____ of the network.
a. graph b. structure c. admittance d.
conductance
4. In a graph, each element of the power system
is represented as a line segment connecting
_____ nodes.
a. one b. two c. three d. four
5. The structure of the graph changes with the
shape of the graph. ( True /False)
6. A sub graph is a subset of the ____ and _____
of a graph.
a. nodes and elements b. impedance and
admittance c. buses and elements d. direction
and structure
7. A ____ is a sub-graph of connected elements.
a. bus b. element c. graph d. path
8. A graph or sub-graph is said to be connected
when there exists ____ path between any two
nodes.
a. one b. two c. three d. four
9. A _____ is a connected sub-graph having all
the nodes of the graph.
a. graph b. element c. tree d. bus
10. A tree has a closed path. ( True / False)
11. The elements of a tree are called as
__________.
a. sub-graph b. branches c. elements d. nodes
12. A co-tree is a ____ of the tree.
a. supplement b. summation c. complement d.
none
13. Co – tree elements are called ___________.
a. paths b. branches c. links d. sub-paths
14. Which of the statements mentioned below is
true.
i. b=n-1 ii. l = e-b iii. e=n+l iv. l = e-n+1
a. Only i. b. i and v c. ii and iv d. i, ii and iv
15. Whenever a link element is added to an
existing tree, ______ loops are formed.
a. basic b. open c. closed d. incomplete
16. The orientation of the fundamental loops are
same as that of the link. (True / False)
17. The number of basic cut set is equal to
number of ________.
a. elements b. branches c. links d. nodes
18. A basic or fundamental cut-set consists of
___________ and a minimal number of links.
a. less than one b. more than one c. only one d.
none of the above
19. The number of basic loops is equal to
________.
a. elements b. branches c. links d. nodes
20. Upon removal of the elements of the basic
cut set, the graph is divided into ____ sub
graphs.
a. two b. more than two c. less than two d. no
21. Due to the removal of the cut set elements,
one of the two resulting sub-graphs will consists
of _____ node.
a. basic b. complement c. supplement d. isolated
22. The below table shows the synonymous
names associated with the graph theory of the
power system network. Match the pairs:
23. For a power system network having ‘e’
elements and ‘n’ nodes, the number of KCL
equations would be ___________.
(a) e-n-1 (b)e+n-1 (c)n-(e-1) (d) e-(n-1)
24. An electric circuit with 10 branches and 7
nodes will have [I.E.S – 2001]
a. 3 loop equations b. 4 loop equations c. 7 loop
equations d. 10 loop equations
25. A connected network of N>2 nodes has
almost one branch directly connecting any pair
of nodes. The graph of the network [GATE:
2001]
(a) must have at least N branches for one or
more closed paths to exist
(b) can have unlimited number of branches
(c) can only have at most N branches
(d) can have a minimum number of branches not
decided by N
26. The graph of an electrical network has N
nodes and B branches. The number of links L,
with respect to the choice of a tree is given by
[GATE: 2002]
(a) B – N + 1 (b) B + N (c) N – B + 1 (d) N – 2B
–1
27. The number of branches in an network is B,
the number of nodes is N, and the number of
dependent loops is L, then the number of
independent node equations will be [I.E.S –
2000]
(a) N + L – 1 (b) B – 1 (c) B – N (d) N – 1
28. The figure below shows a dc resistive
network and its graph is drawn aside. A proper
tree chosen for analyzing the network will
contain the edge. [GATE 1994]
(a) ad,bc,ad (b) ab,ac,ca (c) ab,bd,cd (d)
ac,bd,ad
29. A fundamental tie-set of a graph with respect
to a tree is a loop formed by only one link
associated with other ______.
(a) elements (b) nodes (c) branches (d) co-tree
30. A ______ is a sub-graph formed with all the
links of the graph.
(a) co-tree (b) tree (c) path (d) Loop
31. Identify for the false statement with respect
to the properties of a tree:
i. Tree is a connected graph
ii. Tree does not have any loop
iii. Every connected graph has at least one tree
iv. The elements in a spanning tree is called as
branches
(a) i (b) ii (c) iii (d) iv
32. The meeting point of two or more elements
in a graph is called as ________.
(a) node (b) vertex (c) Both a and b (d)
elements
33. An ________ is a line segment representing
one network element or a combination of
elements connected between two nodes.
(a) element (b) edge (c) Both a and b (d) None
34. If ‘n’ is the number of nodes, the rank of a
graph is __________.
(a) n – 1 (b) n (c) n + 1 (d) none
35. A linear graph is a function of ________ and
__________.
(a) vertices and edges (b) nodes and elements (c)
Both a and b (d) none
36. An edge where both end vertices are same is
called as ________.
(a) basic loop (b) self loop (c) open loop (d)
none
37. A graph in which direction is assigned to
each element is called a ____________.
(a) directed graph (b) path (c) oriented graph (d)
Both a and c
38. The voltage polarities is marked in an
oriented graph. (True / False)
39. A de-generate sub-graph is a graph which
consists of ______node.
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
40. The number of branches ‘b’ required to form
a tree is _______.
(a) n (b) n – 1 (c) e (d) e – b 51. How many tree will the graph of the network
have?
41. Orientation of a basic loop is chosen to be (a)6 (b) 5 (c) 4 (d) 2
the same as that of its ___________.
(a) branch (b) element (c) link (d) path 52. How many basic loops will the graph of the
network contain?
42. Independent cut-sets are called as _____ cut (a)4 (b) 2 (c) 5 (d) 1
–sets.
(a) basic (b) open (c) closed (d) none 53. How many basic cut set will the graph of the
network have?
43. Orientation of a basic cut-set is chosen to be (a)4 (b) 2 (c) 5 (d) 1
the same as that of it’s ________.
(a) link (b) branch (c) element (d) node Q.54 – 56) For the graph of the power system
network, answer the following questions:
44. The number of edges connected to a vertex
is called its __________.
(a) rank (b) graph (c) degree (d) path

45. Every connected graph has at least ____ tree.

(a) one (b) two (c) three (d) none

46. Every tree has two terminal nodes. (True / 54. The number of open loops in the graph is
False ) ________.
(a) 8 (b)5 (c) 3 (d) 4
47. The rank of a tree is equal to the rank of a
graph. ( True / False) 55. The number of branch paths = ________
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 5
48. Independent loops contain _______ link.
(a)one (b) two (c)three (d) four 56. The rank of the above graph = ________
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 5 (d) 3
49. A cut set is a _____ set of branches of a
connected graph. Q.57- 60. For the graph of the given power
(a) minimal (b) closed (c) open (d) none system network, answer the following questions:
50. There is no effect of removal of branches on
the rank of the graph. ( True / False)
Ans: Removal of branches, reduces the rank of
the graph.

(Que. 51 to 53) For the network shown in figure

below, answer the following questions:

57. For the set of branches chosen as Branches =

{ 1,4,5,7}, which of the statement is correct with
regards to the basic cut-set, if the cut-set
corresponding to the respective branches are
A,B,C and D?
i. A={1,7,5}
ii. B= {4,5,6}
iii. C={5,3,6}
iv. D = {7,1,3,6} 65. The tie-cut set for the co-tree of the network
(a) All are correct (b) iii (c) i,ii and iv (d) i and is _______.
iv (a) 5 (b)9 (c) 4 (d) 6

58. For the above graph, in order to form a tree

which of the selection of branches is incorrect?
i. {1,2,5,6} ii. {1,2,3,4} iii. {1,2,3,5} iv.
{1,5,6,7}
(a) Only i (b) Only iv (c) Both i and iv (d) ii and
iii

59. Considering the elements 2,4, and 6 as links,

and the closed loops formed by them as I,II and Obtain the ZBus by algorithm and answer the
III respectively, which of the following set is following questions(66 -70)
correct?
(a) I = {2,1,7} (b)II = {4,3,6} (c) III = {6,3,4} 66. The p.u impedance of the element Z11 is
(d) All are correct __________.
a. 0.745
60. For the above graph, the number of b. 0.0745
fundamental loops = ____ c. 0.0475
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) None d. 0.574

Que.61 to 65: For the power system network 67. The p.u impedance of the element Z21 is
shown in fig given below, answer the following ________.
questions: a.0.0553
b. 0.0535
c. 0.0355
d. 0.0035

68. The p.u impedance of the element of Z33 is

_______.
a. 0.2175
b. 0.1275
61. The graph of the network will have ____ c. 0.2157
branches. d. 0.1257
(a) 6 (b) 8 (c) 5 (d) 7
69 The p.u impedance of the element of Z32 is
62. The co-tree of the network will have ______ _______.
fundamental loops. a. 0.0615
(a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 4 b. 0.0745
c. 0.0355
63. The co-tree of the network will have d. 0.0485
_______ open loops.
(a) 5 (b)4 (c) 9 (d) 6 70 The p.u impedance of the element of Z13 is
_______
64. The rank of the graph obtained from the a. 0.0745
network is _____. b. 0.0615
(a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 4 c. 0.0355
d. 0.2175
71 When an element p-q is added to a partial
network of ‘m’ buses, and it is a branch, the
resultant bus
impedance matrix is of dimension__________.
(a) (p+1) X (q+1) (b)(m+1) X (m+1) (c) p X q
(d) None
78 A power system network consists of three
elements 0-1,1-2 and 2-0 of p.u impedances
0.2,0.4,0.4
respectively. Its bus impedance matrix is given
by

72. In the formation of the Bus Impedance ANSWER: (b)

matrix, if the element added between the node p
and q is a 79. With the usual notation, impedance matrix
link, a new bus is added to the partial network. for the system shown in the accompanying
(a) True (b) False
figure is
73. If p and q are the two nodes of a partial
netwok, In the addition of a branch
(a) Zpi = Zqi (b) Zli = Zpi – Zqi (c) Zqq = Zpq
+ Zpq.pq (d) none

74 The currents in the elements of the primitive

network are expressed in terms of the primitive
______. ANSWER: (c)
(a) impedances (b) admittances (c) inductances
(d) resistances 80 Z BUS matrix is a ----
A] Null matrix
75. In a partial network, if the added element is a B] Sparse matrix
link, a fictitious node l is added which is _____ C] Full matrix
later. D] Unity matrix
(a) added (b) eliminated (c)multiplied (d)
divided 81 The value of diagonal element is –---
A] which is connected between bus i and bus j
76 The bus impedance matrix ZBus for a given with negative sign
power system is as given below;Modify the B] which is connected between bus i and bus j
ZBus if an with positive sign
element is added between 3 and 4 with an C] sum of admittances connected at bus i
impedance of 0.4 p.u D] sum of admittances connected at bus j

82 For n bus power system size of Y bus matrix

is---
A] (n-1) X (n-1)
The p.u value of Z22 = _______ B] ((n-2) X (n-2)
(a) 0.4833 C] (n-1) X (n-2)
(b) 0.033 D] n X n
(c) 0.333
(d) 0.7055 83 Sum of elements of row i is equal to shunt
admittance connected to YBus i. If
77 The p.u value of Z44 = _______ the summation is zero indicates there is no----
(a) (a) 0.4833 (b) 0.033 (c) 0.333 (d) 0.7055 A] shunt admittance
B] mutual coupling
C] Both A and B
D] shunt Impedance
84For partial network for addition of branch if
there is mutual coupling between
added branch and other elements, the diagonal
elements are given by

ANSWER: (D)

85 For partial network for addition of branch if

there is mutual coupling between
added branch and other elements, the off
diagonal elements are given by
ANSWER: (B) ANSWER: (D)

89.If an element is removed which is not

mutually coupled to any other element, The
modified bus impedance matrix can be obtained
by----
A] adding B] mutual coupling C] Both A and B
D] shunt Impedance

90. YBus can be obtained

A] A [Y] AT
B] CT[Y]C
C] AT[Y]A
D] C [Y] CT
86 If added element p-q is link, the diagonal
elements are given by 93 When a Removal of Elements or Changes in
ANSWER: (B) Element takes place, the modified impedance
can be obtained by
87 If added element p-q is link, the off diagonal A] Adding in parallel with the element a branch,
elements are given by whose impedance is equal to the negative of the
ANSWER: (A) impedance to be removed.
B] Adding in series with the element a link,
88.For given figure find Zbus whose impedance is equal to the negative of the
impedance to be removed.
C] Adding in Series with the element a link,
whose impedance is equal to the positive of the
impedance to be removed.
D] Adding in parallel with the element a link,
whose impedance is equal to the negative of
the impedance to be removed

96 The basic equation that governs the

performance of a network is
A] V BUS = [YBUS ] VBUS
B] V BUS = [YBUS ] IBUS
C] V BUS = [ZBUS ] IBUS
D] V BUS = [ZBR ] IBR
102 When an element p-q is added to a partial
network of ‘m’ buses, and it is a
branch, the resultant bus impedance matrix is of
dimension__________.
A] (p+1) X (q+1)
B](m+1) X (m+1)
C] p X q
D] None
112 During normal steady state operations, the
three phase system can be solved on a single
phase basis. (a) True (b) False
112 The three phase network can be represented
by ___________ form.
(a) Impedance (b) Admittance (c) Both a and b
(d) None
113 The excitation of any three phase system is
balanced when the source voltage and current of
all phases are equal in magnitude and displaced
with each other by an angle of ____ degrees.
(a) 90 (b)120 (c) 180 (d) 360
114 Impedance Matrix of a three phase balanced
_____ element can be diagonalized using
transformation matrix.
(a) rotating (b) stationary (c) both (d) None
115) For symmetrical components the balanced
sequence impedances are uncoupled for both
stationary and rotating elements. (a) True (b)
False
116 The phase voltages and phase currents are
balanced if the _________of a balanced three
phase element is balanced.
(a) response (b) excitation (c) load (d) None
117) A balanced three phase element with
balanced excitation can be treated as a
_____ element in network problems.
(a) three phase (b) single phase (c) stationary
(d) rotating
118) When the excitation is unbalanced, the
performance equation of a three phase
element can be reduced to three independent
equations by ________ the impedance
matrix.
(a)transposing (b) reducing (c) diagonalizing (d)
inverse
119) In a three phase network, the
transformation T is a _______ matrix.
(a) scalar (b) transpose (c) zero (d) unitary
124) In a Y-connected circuit, the magnitude of
each line current is
(a) One-third the phase current (b) Three times
the corresponding
phase current
(c) Equal to the corresponding phase current
(d) Zero
125) In what direction does the phasor get
rotated if it is multiplied by the operator a?
(a) Anticlockwise (b) Clockwise (c) Gets
rotated by 90° in the clockwise direction
(d) Gets rotated by 90° in the anticlockwise
direction
126) What is the value of the letter ‘a’ or ‘α’
which is commonly used in symmetrical
components?
(a) 1 ∠ 90° (b) 1 ∠ 30° (c) 1 ∠ 120° (d) 1 ∠ -
120°
127) A balanced three phase system consists of
_________.
(a) Zero sequence currents only (b) Positive
sequence currents only
(c) Positive, negative and zero sequence currents
(d) Only negative sequence currents
128) A balanced load is obtained by _____ of
transmission lines.
(a) intersection (b) cross-section (c) transposing
(d) selection)
129) Power system are operated usually with
balanced three phase generation and _______.
(a) power (b) transformers (c) bus- bars (d)
loads
130)In the three phase networks, two important
types of sequence quantities are
______ components and Clarkes’s components.
(a) symmetrical (b) unsymmetrical (c)
balanced (d) unbalanced
138.According to the graph theory of loop
analysis, how many equilibrium equations are
required at a minimum level in terms of number
of branches (b) and number of nodes (n) in the
graph?
a. n-1 b. b+(n-1) c. b-(n-1) d. b/ n-1
139 How many fundamental cut sets will be
generated for a graph with 'n' number of nodes?
a. n+1 b. n-1 c. n2(n-1) d. n/ n-1
140 How many number of minimum end nodes
or terminal nodes are involved in a tree,
according to its properties?
a. Only one b. Two c. Four d. Infinite
141 A graph is said to be a directed graph if of
the graph has direction.
a)1branch b)2branches c)3branches d)every
branch
142Loops which contain only one link are
independent are called?
a)open loops b)closed loops c)basic loops
d)none of the above
143. If there are 4 branches, 3 nodes then
number of links in a co-tree are?
a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 8
144.Among the following relation which is
correct.
a)K=Ab -1 b) K=Ab c)Ab = K-1 d)Ab Kt=U
145.In branch path incidence matrix, if the ith
branch is in the path from the jth bus to
reference bus but is oriented in opposite
direction Kij = ?
a)1 b) -1 c) 0 d) None
146.Number of branches in tree is --------- the
number of Elements in a graph.
a)Less than b) More than c) Equal d) None
147.A Tree has
a)a Closed path b) No closed path c)Both
d) None
148.If YBUS is symmetrical then corresponding
ZBUS is symmetrical
a) symmetrical b)Unsymmetrical c)neither a
nor b d)none
149.Choose the correct formula for the diagonal
element of branch
a)Zpi = Zqi b) Zqq=Zpq - Zpqpq c)
Zqq=Zpq+Zpqpq d)None
150.Choose the correct formula for the
modification of link
a) Zij(modified)= Zij(before elimination) –
Zil* Zlj / Zll b) Zij(modified)= Zij(before
elimination) + Zil* Zlj / Zll c) Zij(modified)=
Zil* Zlj / Zll – Zij(before elimination) d)None
151 Which is the correct formula for calculating
off-diagonal element of Link.
a) Zli = Zpi - Zqi b) Zli = Zpi – Zqi +
Zpqpq c) Zli = Zpi+Zqi d) None
152 What is the order of a matrix?
a)number of rows X number of columns
b) number of columns X number of rows
c) number of rows X number of rows
d) number of columns X number of columns
153.The loop current direction of the basic loop
formed from the tree of the graph is?
a) same as the direction of the branch current
b) opposite to the direction of the link current
c) same as the direction of the link current
d) opposite to the direction of the branch current
154 Choose the correct formula for the off-
diagonal element of branch
a)Zpi = Zqi b) Zqq=Zpq - Zpqpq c)
Zqq=Zpq+Zpqpq d) None
155. Which is the correct formula for calculating
diagonal element of Link.
a) Zli = Zpi - Zqi b) Zll = Zpl – Zql + Zpqpq c)
Zli = Zpi+Zqi d) None
156. If a graph consists of 5 nodes, then the
number of twigs in the tree are?
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
 158.The positive sequence current of a
157.The current in a closed path in a loop is transmission line is
called? A. Always zero
a) loop current b) branch current c) link current B. One third of negative sequence current
d) twig current C. Equal to negative sequence current
D. three times the negative sequence current.

MCQ Bank
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

S.N. Question
1 According to the graph theory of loop analysis, how many equilibrium equations are required at a
minimum level in terms of number of branches (b) and number of nodes (n) in the graph?
a. n-1 b. b+(n-1) c. b-(n-1) d. b/ n-1
ANSWER: c) b-(n-1)
2 How many fundamental cut sets will be generated for a graph with 'n' number of nodes?
a. n+1 b. n-1 c. n2(n-1) d. n/ n-1
ANSWER: b)n-1
3 How many number of minimum end nodes or terminal nodes are involved in a tree, according to its
properties?
a. Only one b. Two c. Four d. Infinite
ANSWER: b)Two
4 A graph is said to be a directed graph if ________ of the graph has direction.
a)1branch b)2branches c)3branches d)every branch
Answer: d) every branch: Explanation: If every branch of the graph has direction, then the graph is said to
be a directed graph. If the graph does not have any direction then that graph is called undirected graph.
5 Loops which contain only one link are independent are called?
a)open loops b)closed loops c)basic loops d)none of the above
Answer :c) basic loops: Explanation: The addition of subsequent link forms one or more additional
loops. Loops which contain only one link are independent are called basic loops.
6 If there are 4 branches, 3 nodes then number of links in a co-tree are?
a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 8
Answer: a)2: Explanation: Number of links = b-n+1. Given number of branches = 4 and number of
nodes = 3. On substituting in the equation, number of links in a co-tree = 4 – 3 + 1 = 2.
7 Among the following relation which is correct.
a)K=Ab-1 b) K=Ab c)Ab = K-1 d)Ab Kt=U
Ans: d)Ab K =U t

8 In branch path incidence matrix, if the ith branch is in the path from the jth bus to reference bus but is
oriented in opposite direction Kij = ?
a)1 b) -1 c) 0 d) None
Ans: b) -1
9 Number of branches in tree is -------------- the number of Elements in a graph.
a)Less than b) More than c) Equal d) None
Ans: a)Less than
10 A Tree has
a)a Closed path b) No closed path c)Both d) None
Ans: b) No closed path
11 The matrix formed by link branches of a tie set matrix is?
a) Row matrix b) Column matrix c) Diagonal matrix d) Identity matrix
 Answer: d) Identity matrix:Explanation: As the direction of the basic loops of the tree are taken
along the direction of the link currents, then the matrix formed by the link currents will be a identity
matrix.
12 For Tie-set matrix, if the direction of current is same as loop current, then we place ___ in the matrix.
a) +1 b) -1 c) 0 d) +1 or -1
Answer: a: Explanation: For Tie-set matrix, if the direction of current is same as loop current, then
we place +1 in the matrix.
13 Tie-set is also called?
a) f loop (fundamental loop) b) g loop c) d loop d) e loop
Answer: a:Explanation: The fundamental loop formed by one link has a unique path in the tree
joining the two nodes of the link. This loop is also called f-loop.
14 If YBUS is symmetrical then corresponding ZBUS is
a) symmetrical b)Unsymmetrical c)neither a nor b d)none
Ans: a) symmetrical
15 Choose the correct formula for the diagonal element of branch
a)Zpi = Zqi b) Zqq=Zpq - Zpqpq c) Zqq=Zpq+Zpqpq d) None
Ans: c) Zqq=Zpq +Zpqpq
16 Choose the correct formula for the modification of link
a) Zij(modified)= Zij(before elimination) – Zil* Zlj / Zll
b) Zij(modified)= Zij(before elimination) + Zil* Zlj / Zll
c) Zij(modified)= Zil* Zlj / Zll – Zij(before elimination)
d) None
Ans: a)Zij(modified)= Zij(before elimination) – Zil* Zlj / Zll
17 Which is the correct formula for calculating off-diagonal element of Link.
a) Zli = Zpi - Zqi b) Zli = Zpi – Zqi + Zpqpq c) Zli = Zpi+Zqi d) None
Ans: a) Zli = Zpi - Zqi
18 What is the order of a matrix?
a) number of rows X number of columns b) number of columns X number of rows
c) number of rows X number of rows d) number of columns X number of columns
Answer: a) number of rows X number of columns : Explanation: The order of the matrix is the
number of rows X number of columns.
19 The loop current direction of the basic loop formed from the tree of the graph is?
a) same as the direction of the branch current
b) opposite to the direction of the link current
c) same as the direction of the link current
d) opposite to the direction of the branch current
Answer: c) same as the direction of the link current: Explanation: The loop current direction of the
basic loop formed from the tree of the graph is same as the direction of the link current.
20 Choose the correct formula for the off-diagonal element of branch
a)Zpi = Zqi b) Zqq=Zpq - Zpqpq c) Zqq=Zpq+Zpqpq d) None
Ans: a)Zpi = Zqi
21 Which is the correct formula for calculating diagonal element of Link.
a) Zli = Zpi - Zqi b) Zll = Zpl – Zql + Zpqpq c) Zli = Zpi+Zqi d) None
Ans: b) Zll = Zpl – Zql + Zpqpq
22 If a graph consists of 5 nodes, then the number of twigs in the tree are?
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
Answer: d: Explanation: Number of twigs= n-1. As given number of nodes are 5 then n = 5. On
substituting in the equation, number of twigs =5 -1 = 4.
23 The current in a closed path in a loop is called?
a) loop current b) branch current c) link current d) twig current
Answer: c) link current: Explanation: In a loop there exists a closed path and a circulating current
which is called link current. The current in any branch can be found by using link currents.
24 . The direction of the cut-set is?
a) same as the direction of the branch current
b) opposite to the direction of the link current
c) same as the direction of the link current
d) opposite to the direction of the branch current
Answer: a: Explanation: A cut-set is a minimal set of branches of a connected graph such that the
removal of these branches causes the graph to be cut into exactly two parts. The direction of the cut-
set is same as the direction of the branch current.
25 The number of cut set matrices formed from a graph is?
a) NN-1 b) NN c) NN-2 d) NN+1
Answer: c:Explanation: For every tree, there will be a unique cut set matrix. So there will be N N-2 cut
set matrices.
26 For every tree there will be _____ number of cut set matrices.
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
Answer: a:Explanation: For every tree, there will a unique cut set matrix. So, number of cut-set
matrices for every tree = 1.
27 The positive sequence current of a transmission line is
A. Always zero B. One third of negative sequence current
C. Equal to negative sequence current D. three times the negative sequence current
✔ View Answer: C. Equal to negative sequence current
28 Zero sequence impedance of the transmission line is
A. equal to the positive sequence impedance of the line
B. About 2.5 to 3 times the positive sequence impedance of the line
C. Less than positive sequence impedance of the line
D. none of the above
✔ View Answer: B. About 2.5 to 3 times the positive sequence impedance of the line
29 A transmission line is protected by
A. Distance protection B. Current graded overcurrent protection
C. Time graded overcurrent protection D. All of the above
✔ View Answer:D. All of the above
30 What happens to the zero sequence currents, if the neutral in the Y connection is absent?
a. Minimum b. Zero c. Maximum d. ∞
ANSWER: b)Zero
31 What is the value of negative sequence impedance?
a. 1 b. Z c. Same as positive sequence d. ∞

ANSWER: c)Same as positive sequence

32 In the absence of neutral what will be the value of Z0 ?
a. 1 b. 0 c. Z d. ∞
ANSWER: d)∞
33 What is the value of the zero sequence impedance?
a. Z 0 = Z b. Z 0 = Z + 2 Zn c. Z 0 = Z + 3 Zn d. Z 0 = 0

ANSWER:c) Z 0 = Z + 3 Zn
34 In a balanced 3-phase system
a) Only negative sequence current is zero
b) Only zero sequence current is zero
c) both negative and zero sequence current are zero
d)none of the above
Ans: c) both negative and zero sequence current are zero
35 The zero sequence of impedance of different element of power system is generally
a)zero b)Equal c) Different d) none of the above
Ans: c) Different
36 The positive and negative sequence impedance of transmission line are
a) Equal b)Zero c)Different d)Infinite
Ans: a) Equal
37 If a positive sequence current passes through a transformer and its phase shift is
30 degrees, the negative sequence current flowing through the transformer will
have a phase shift of
a. 30 deg. b. -30deg c. 120 deg. d. 0 deg
Ans: b. -30deg
38 The zero sequence impedances of an ideal star-delta connected transformer
(star-grounded)
a. looking from star side is zero and looking from delta side is infinite
b. looking from star side is zero and looking from delta side is also zero
c. looking from star side is infinite and looking from delta side is zero
d. is always infinite with respect to primary and secondary
Ans: a. looking from star side is zero and looking from delta side is infinite
39 The positive, negative and zero sequence impedances of a transmission line are
0.5,0.5 and 1.1 pu respectively. The self (Zs) and mutual (Zm) impedances of the
line will be given by
a Zs = 0.7 pu, Zm =0.2 pu b. Zs = 0.5 pu, Zm =0.6 pu
c.Zs = 1 pu, Zm =0.6 pu d. Zs = 0.1 pu, Zm =0.8 pu
Ans: a Zs = 0.7 pu, Zm =0.2 pu
40 In load flow studies of a power system, a voltage control bus is specified by
A. Real power and reactive power B. Reactive power and voltage magnitude
C. Voltage and voltage phase angle D. Real power and voltage magnitude
✔ View Answer: D. Real power and a full touch magnitude
41 In power system, the maximum number of buses are
A. Generator buses B. Load buses C. Slack buses D. P-V buses
✔ View Answer: B. Load buses
42 In a load flow analysis of a power system, the load connected at a bus is represented as
A.. Constant current drawn from the bus
B. Constant impedance connected at the bus
C. Voltage and frequency dependent sources at the boss
D. Constant real and reactive power drawn from the bus
✔ View Answer:D. Constant real and reactive power drawn from the bus
43 The voltage of a particular bus can be controlled by controlling the
A. Active power of the bus B. Reactive power of the bus
C. Phase angle D. All of the above
✔ View Answer: B. Reactive power of the bus
44 Gauss-Seidel interative method can be used for solving a set of
A. Linear differential equations only
B. Linear algebraic equations only
 C. Both linear and nonlinear algebraic equations
D. Both linear and nonlinear algebraic differential equations
✔ View Answer: B. Linear algebraic equations only
45 The Gauss-Seidel load flow method has following disadvantages, select the incorrect statement
A. Unreliable convergence
B. Slow convergence
C. Choice of a slack bus affects convergence
D. A good initial guess for voltages is essential for convergence
✔ View Answer:A. Unreliable convergence
46 Compared to Gauss-Seidel method, Newton-Raphson method takes
A. Less number of iterations and more time per iteration
B. Less number of iterations and less time per iteration
C. More number of iterations and more time per iteration
D. More number of iterations and less time per iteration
✔ View Answer:A. Less number of iterations and more time per iteration
47 In a load flow study a PV bus is treated as a PQ bus when
A. Voltage limit is violated B. Active power limit is violated
C. Phase angle is high D. Reactive power limit is violated
✔ View Answer: D. Reactive power limit is violated
48 Rate of convergence of the Newton-Raphson method is generally __________
a) Linear b) Quadratic c) Super-linear d) Cubic
Answer: a) Linear: Explanation: Rate of convergence of the Newton-Raphson method is generally
Linear. It states that the value of root through the Newton Raphson method converges slowly.
49 The Newton-Raphson method of finding roots of nonlinear equations falls under the category of which of
the following methods?
a) bracketing b) open c) random d) graphical
Answer: b) open:Explanation: The Newton Raphson method involves the guessing of the root. Hence
it falls under open methods.
50 At which point the iterations in the Newton Raphson method are stopped?
a) When the consecutive iterative values of x are not equal
b) When the consecutive iterative values of x differ by 2 decimal places
c) When the consecutive iterative values of x differ by 3 decimal places
d) When the consecutive iterative values of x are equal
Answer: d:Explanation: When the consecutive values of iterations are equal the iterations of Newton
Raphson method are stopped. This allows maximum accuracy as compared to other methods.
51 Which among the following quantities are to be determined in voltage-controlled bus?
a. P and Q b. Q and |V| c. |V| and δ d. Q and δ
ANSWER: d) Q and δ
52 Which among theses quantities are to be determined in slack bus?
a. P and Q b. Q and |V| c. |V| and δ d. Q and δ
ANSWER:a) P andQ
53 Various power system faults in increasing order of severity are
a) LG,LL,LLG,LLLG b) LLLG,LLG,LG,LL
c) LLG,LLLG,LL,LG d) LL,LG,LLLG,LLG
Ans: (a) LG,LL,LLG,LLLG
54 Which of following are used to reduce short circuit fault currents?
a) Reactors b) Resistors c) Capacitors d) Parallel combination of all these
Ans: (a) Reactors
55 Minimum faults occur in which of the following power system equipment?
a) Transformer b) Switch gear c) CT, PT d) Alternator
Ans: (d) Alternator
56 When a line-to-line fault occurs, the short circuit current of an alternator depends upon its
a) Sub transient reactance b) Transient reactance
c) Synchronous reactance d) Short circuit reactance
Ans: (c) Synchronous reactance
57 Which of the following statement is true?
a) a = 0.5 – j 0.866 b) a = 0.5 + j 0.866 c) a4 = - a d) a2 = - (1 + a)
Ans: (d) a = - (1 + a)
2

58 Which among these is the most severe fault?

a. Single line to ground fault. b. Double line to ground fault
c. Line to line fault d. Symmetrical fault.

ANSWER: d)Symmetrical fault.

59 In which portion of the transmission system is the occurrence of the fault more common?
a. Alternators b. Transformers c. Transmission lines d. Underground cables
ANSWER:c) Transmission lines

60 Which among these is the most commonly occurring fault?

a. Single line to ground fault. b. Double line to ground fault
c. Line to line fault d. Fault due to all the three phases to earth.
ANSWER: a)Single line to ground fault.

61 Which of the following fault results into a three phase faults?

a. Single line to ground fault. b. Double line to ground fault
c. Line to line fault d. Fault due to all the three phases to earth.
ANSWER: d)Fault due to all the three phases to earth

62 What percentage of fault occurring in the power system is line to line fault?
a. 5 % b. 30 % c. 25 % d. 15 %
ANSWER: d:15 %

63 What is the expression for fault current in line to line fault?

a. If = √3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2) b. If = 3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2)
c. If = √3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2 + Z0) d. If = 3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2 + Z0)

ANSWER:a) If = √3 * (Ea / Z1 + Z2)

64 What percentage of faults occurring is single line to ground fault?

a. 50 % b. 60 % c. 35 % d. 70 %
ANSWER: d)70 %
65 What are the types of unsymmetrical faults?
a. Single line to ground fault b. Double line to ground fault
c. Line to line fault d. All of these
Ans: d. All of these
66 What are the main applications of the swing curves?
 a. Designing the rotor field windings b. Designing the protective devices
c. Used to limit the size of the machine d. All of these
ANSWER: b: Designing the protective devices
67 What information does the swing curve provide?
a. Stability of the system. b. Performance of the machine
c. The rotor performance d. All of these
ANSWER: a:Stability of the system.

68 What is / are the major assumptions made in the calculation of swing equations?
a. Damper windings are neglected b. The machine is lossless
c. The machine has to run at synchronous speed d. Both (a) and (b)
ANSWER: d)Both (a) and (b)

69 For a two pole, 50 Hz, 3 phase synchronous motor the speed of rotating magnetic field is
a. 1000 rpm b. 2000 rpm c. 3000 rpm d. 3500 rpm
Ans: C:3000rpm
70 With increase in load, the speed of synchronous motor
a. Increases b. Decreases c. Remains constant d. None of the above
Ans: c. Remains constant
71 The Critical Clearance time of a fault in the power system is related to
a) Reactive power limit b) Short Circuit limit
c) Steady state stability limit d) Transient stability limit
Ans: d) Transient stability limit
72 The equal area criteria of stability is used for:
a) no load on the busbar b) One machine and infinite busbar
c) More than one machine and infinite busbar d) None of the above
Ans. b) One machine and infinite busbar
73 The transient stability limit of the power system can be increased by introducing:
a) Series Inductance b) Shunt Inductance
c) Series Capacitance d) Shunt Capacitance
Ans. c) Series Capacitance
74 The critical clearing time of a fault is power system is related to
A. Reactive power limit B. Short circuit limit
C. Steady-state stability limit D. Transient stability limit
✔ View Answer:D. Transient stability limit
75 With fault clearing time, the transient stability limit of a power system
A. Increases B. Decreases
C. First increases then decreases D. First decreases and then increases
✔ View Answer: B). Decreases
76 Transient disturbances are caused by
A. Sudden load changes B. Switching operations
C. Fault in the power system D. All of the above
✔ View Answer:D. All of the above
77 What is the value of transient stability limit?
 a. Higher than steady state stability limit b. Lower than steady state stability limit.
c. Depending upon the severity of load d. All of these
ANSWER: b:Lower than steady state stability limit.
78 By using which component can the transient stability limit of a power system be improved?
a. Series resistance b. Series capacitor c. Series inductor d. Shunt resistance
ANSWER: a)Series capacitor
 SESSION 2019-20
QUESTION BANK (MCQs)
SUBJECT: CAPS SEM: VIII
Q. NO QUESTION CORRECT UNIT NO.
OPTION
1. Consider a network graph shown in the figure. Which one of the UNIT I
following is NOT a tree of this graph? II

I. Option a II.
Option b III.
Option c
IV. Option d

2. Identify which of the following is NOT a tree of the graph shown C UNIT I
in figure.
 a. Bcgh
b. defg
c. abfg
d. aegh
3. In the graph shown in the figure, one possible tree is formed by D UNIT I
the branches 4, 5, 6, 7. Then one possible fundamental cut set is

a. 1,2,3,8
b. 1,2,5,6
c. 1,5,6,8
d. 1,2,3,7,8

4. The number of independent loops for a network with ‘n’ nodes and D UNIT I
‘b’ branches is
a. n-1
b. b-n
c. b-n+1
d. independent of the number of nodes

5. ………………..is the dimensions of bus incidence matrix B UNIT I

a. n×(e-1), rank n-1=b
b. e×(n-1), rank b=n-1
c. n×e, rank b-1=n
d. e×n, rank n-1=b

6. The performance equation of an element in admittance form B UNIT I

is a.
b. vpq + epq = (ypq)-1. ipq ipq
c. + jpq = ypq . vpq
d. ypq + vpq = (ipq). (jpq)
All of the above
7. In the following graph, the number of trees (T) and number of c UNIT I
cut sets (C) are

a. T=2, C=2
b. T=2, C=6
c. T=4, C=6
d. T=4, C=10

8. A ………….. shows the geometrical interconnection of the A UNIT I

elements of an electric power system network. a. Graph
b. Sub graph
c. Tree
d. Sequence network

9. A ……… is a subgraph of connected elements with no more C UNIT I

than two elements connected to any one node. a. Tie set
b. Cut set
c. Path
d. Loop

10. A connected sub graph containing all nodes of a graph but C UNIT I
no closed path is known as ……. a. Path
b. Links
c. Tree
d. Mesh

11. Element of a tree are called …….. a. A UNIT I

Branch
b. Links
c. Both a & b
d. None of the above
12. ……… are the elements of connected graph that are not B UNIT I
included in a tree a. Twigs
b. Links
c. Branches
d. All of the above

13. ……… is the set elements that breaks two main portions of C UNIT I
a network such that replacing any element will destroy this
property
a. Universal set
b. Tie set
c. Cut set
d. All of the above

14. …… signifies branch path incidence matrix a. D UNIT I

A
b. B
c. C
d. K

15. …… signifies basic cut set incidence matrix B UNIT I

a. A
b. C
c. B
d. K

16. Elements of a co-tree are A UNIT I

a. Links
b. Branches
c. Cut sets
d. Tie sets

17. If A is any bus incidence matrix & At × A = U = A × At is true D UNIT I

for a square matrix then A is ………………….
a. Singular matrix
b. Non-Singular matrix
c. Skew symmetric matrix
d. Orthogonal matrix
18. If A is any bus incidence matrix & A = -At is true for a square B UNIT I
matrix then A is
a. Symmetric matrix
b. Skew symmetric matrix
c. Orthogonal Matrix
d. Singular Matrix

19. At = A is true for B UNIT I

a. Skew Symmetric matrix
b. Symmetric matrix
c. Orthogonal Matrix
d. Singular Matrix

20. ……….. is the dimension of augmented cut set incidence matrix C UNIT I
a. e×b
b. e×l
c. e×e
d. e×n

21. ……….. is the dimension of bus incidence matrix C UNIT I

a. e×n
b. e×l
c. e×(n-1)
d. e×e

22. ……….. is the dimension basic loop incidence matrix B UNIT I

a. e×b
b. e×l
c. e×e
d. e×n

23. A set of unconnected elements is defined as …………. C UNIT I

a. Positive Sequence Network
b. Negative Sequence Network
c. Primitive Network
d. Non Primitive Network

24. The performance equation of the admittance matrix in the branch B UNIT I
frame of reference is
a. At[Y]A
b. Bt[Y]B
c. Ct[Y]C
d. {Bt[Y]B}-1
25. Number of trees for a given power system can be obtained B UNIT I
a. det [A]
b. det [A At]
c. det [At]
d. det [Z Zt]
26. Following node incidence matrix have D UNIT I

a. e=7, n=4, b=4, l=3

b. e=7, n=5, b=3, l=3
c. e=7, n=4, b=3, l=4
d. e=7, n=5, b=4, l=3

27. The performance equation of the impedance matrix in the loop C UNIT I
frame of reference is
a. At[Z]A
b. Bt[Z]B
c. Ct[Z]C
d. { Ct[Z]C}-1

28. Bus impedance matrix for a given power system is obtained by D UNIT I
……………..
a. Singular transformation
b. Algorithm Method
c. Step by step method
d. All of the above

29. If A is any bus incidence matrix then Ab × Kt = U is true for B UNIT I

a. Singular Square Matrix
b. Non Singular Square Matrix
c. Hermitian Matrix
d. Real Matrix
30. If A is any bus incidence matrix then A = A* is true for A UNIT I
a. Real Matrix
b. Pure Imaginary Matrix
c. Null Matrix
d. None of the above

31. If any branch is added to the partial network then the C UNIT II
dimension of resultant bus impedance matrix will be
a. n×n
b. n×(n+1)
c. (n+1)×(n+1)
d. (n-1)×(n-1)

32. The performance equation of an element in admittance form B UNIT II

is
a. vpq + epq = (ypq)-1. ipq
b. ipq + jpq = ypq . vpq
c. ypq + vpq = (ipq). (jpq)
d. All of the above
33. Bus impedance matrix for a given power system is obtained by D UNIT II
a. Singular transformation
b. Algorithm Method
c. Step by step method
d. All of the above
34. For Clarke’s components the balanced sequence impedances are B UNIT III
uncoupled for
a. Only rotating elements
b. Only stationary elements
c. Both stationary elements & rotating elements
d. None of the above
35. Which among the following quantities are to be D UNIT IV
determined in voltage controlled bus?

a. P and Q
b. Q and |V|
c. |V| and δ
d. Q and δ
36. Which among theses quantities are to be determined in a UNIT IV
slack bus?

a. P and Q
b. Q and |V|
 c. |V| and δ
d. Q and δ

37. Which among the following buses constitute the B UNIT IV

maximum number in a power system?

a. Slack bus
b. P Q bus
c. P V bus
d. All of these
e. None of these

38. What percentage of buses in the power system are D UNIT IV

generator buses?

a. 5 %
b. 25 %
c. 70 %
d. 10 %

39. Which among the following quantities are specified at B UNIT IV

the generator bus?

a. P and Q
b. P and |V|
c. Q and |V|
d. P and δ

40. Which among the following quantities are specified at A UNIT IV

the load bus?

a. P and Q
b. P and |V|
c. Q and |V|
d. P and δ

41. Why are load flow studies carried out? C UNIT IV

a. To study of stability of the system

b. For fault calculations
c. For planning the power system
d. All of these
42. In load flow studies of a power system, a voltage control b UNIT IV
bus is specified by
a. Real power and reactive power
b. Reactive power and voltage magnitude

c. Voltage and voltage phase angle

d. Real power and voltage magnitude

43. In power system, the maximum number of buses are B UNIT IV

A. Generator buses
B. Load buses
C. Slack buses
D. P-V buses
44. In power system, if a voltage controlled bus is A UNIT IV
treated as a load bus then which one of the following
limits would be violated? A. Voltage B. Active
power
C. reactive power
D. Phase angle

45. In a load flow analysis of a power system, the load D UNIT IV

connected at a bus is represented as A. Constant
current drawn from the bus
B. Constant impedance connected at the bus
C. Voltage and frequency dependent sources at the boss
D. Constant real and reactive power drawn from the bus

46. The voltage of a particular bus can be controlled by B UNIT IV

controlling the
A. Active power of the bus
B. Reactive power of the bus
C. Phase angle
D. All of the above
47. Gauss-Seidel interative method can be used for solving a B UNIT IV
set of
A. Linear differential equations only
B. Linear algebraic equations only
C. Both linear and nonlinear algebraic equations D.
Both linear and nonlinear algebraic differential equations
48. The Gauss-Seidel load flow method has following A UNIT IV
disadvantages, select the incorrect statement
A. Unreliable convergence
B. Slow convergence
C. Choice of a slack bus affects convergence
D. A good initial guess for voltages is essential for
convergence
49. Compared to Gauss-Seidel method, Newton-Raphson a UNIT IV
method takes
A. Less number of iterations and more time per
iteration

B. Less number of iterations and less time per iteration

C. More number of iterations and more time per iteration
D. More number of iterations and less time per iteration
50. In a load flow study a PV bus is treated as a PQ bus when D UNIT IV
A. Voltage limit is violated
B. Active power limit is violated
C. Phase angle is high
D. Reactive power limit is violated
51. Advantages of gauss siedel method is/are A UNIT IV
a) calculation time for each iteration is less
b) number of iterations are less
c) applicable for large power system network
d) all of the above

52. For load flow studies, What are known the quantities specified at B UNIT IV
load bus are
a) P and V
b) P and Q
c) V and δ
d) δ and Q

53. Normally Z bus matrix is a B UNIT IV

a) null matrix
b) sparse matrix
c) full matrix
d) unit matrix
54. For n bus power system size of Y bus matrix is C UNIT IV
a) (n-1)×(n-1)
b) (n-2)×(n-2)
c) n×n
d) (n-1)×(n-2)
55. Sum of the elements of row i equal to shunt admittances C UNIT IV
connected to bus i. If this summation is zero, indicates there is no
a) shunt admittance
b) mutual coupling
c) both 1 and 2
d) none of the above

56. A network containing 50 buses in which 10 are the voltage control B UNIT IV
buses, 6 are the generator buses. Find the size of the Jacobian
matrix?
a) 84*84
b) 83*83
c) 34*34
d) 33*33

57. Which of the following matrix is used for load flow studies? a UNIT IV
a) Y bus matrix

b) Z bus matrix
c) Unit matrix
d) null matrix

58. If sparsity of a 5 bus transmission line is 0.4. Find the number of B UNIT IV
transmission lines?
a) 6
b) 5
c) 4
d) 3

59. A 4 bus power system consists of 4 transmission lines, then find A UNIT IV
the sparsity of Y bus matrix?
a) 0.25
b) 0.5
c) 0.75
d) 0.4

60. The value of off diagonal elements is A UNIT IV

a) which is connected between bus i and bus j
with negative sign
b) which is connected between bus i and bus j with
positive sign
c) sum of admittances connected at bus i
d) sum of admittances connected at bus j
61. In load flow studies PV bus is treated as PQ bus when C UNIT IV
a) phase angle become high
b) voltage at the bus become high
c) reactive power goes beyond limit
d) any of the above

62. For accurate load flow calculations on large power systems, the A UNIT IV
best method is
a) N-R method
b) G-S method
c) Decoupled method
d) Decoupled method

63. Which quantities are specified at a load bus in power system? C UNIT IV
a) I & V
b) V & Z
c) P & Q
d) I & Y
64. Which method is best for fast load flow solution? d UNIT IV
a) Gauss iteration method
b) Gauss Seidal method
c) Newton Raphson method
d) Fort decoupled load flow method

65. ……. value is suitable for acceleration factor for load flow C UNIT IV
studies?
a) 0
b) 1.1
c) 1.6
d) 1.73
66. Which quantities are specified at a voltage controlled bus? A UNIT IV
a) P & | V |
b) P & | I |
c) | V | & | I |
d) P & Q
67. ……………………… can solve load flow problem using a set of C UNIT IV
nonlinear equations to express the specified real & reactive
powers in terms of bus voltage
a) Gauss iteration method
b) Gauss Seidal method
c) Newton Raphson method
d) Fort decoupled load flow method
68. ………………………. is the equation of bus loading A UNIT IV
a) Pp – jQp = Ep*.Ip
b) Pp + jQp = Ep*.Ip
c) (Pp ).(jQp) = Ep*.Ip
d) Pp – jQp = Ep*/Ip
69. Limitation of Gauss-Seidal load flow analysis is D UNIT IV
a. Systems having large no of radial lines
b. Systems with short & long lines terminating on the same
bus
c. Systems having negative values of transfer admittances d.
All.
70. Which among the following curves represents the curve b UNIT V
for transient current?

a. Only a
b. Only b
c. Only c
d. Only d
e. None of these
71. Which among these is the most severe fault? a. D UNIT V
Single line to ground fault.
b. Double line to ground fault
c. Line to line fault
d. Symmetrical fault.
72. On which among the following factors does the C UNIT V
magnitude of the fault current depend? a.
Total impedance upto the fault.
b. Voltage at the fault point
c. Both (a) and (b)
d. None of these
73. Which among the following methods are generally used D UNIT V
for the calculation of symmetrical faults? a. Norton
theorem
b. Thevnin’s theorem
c. Kirchhoff’s laws
d. Only (b) and (c)
e. All of these
74. Which among the following reactance have a greater c UNIT V
value?
a. Sub transient reactance
b. Transient reactance
c. Synchronous reactance
d. All of these
e. None of these
75. What is the expression for the symmetrical short circuit B UNIT V
current? If the total short circuit current consists of two
parts namely symmetrical short circuit current and DC
offset current.
a. (Vm / Z) * sin (ω + αt - θ)
b. (Vm / Z) * sin (ωt + α - θ)
c. (Vm * Z) * sin (ωt + αt - θ)
d. (V / Zm) * sin (ωt + α - θ)
76. In which portion of the transmission system is the C UNIT V
occurrence of the fault more common? a.
Alternators
b. Transformers
c. Transmission lines
d. Underground cables

77. Which among these is the most commonly occurring A UNIT V

fault?
a. Single line to ground fault.
b. Double line to ground fault
c. Line to line fault
d. Fault due to all the three phases to earth.
78. Which of the following fault results into a three phase D UNIT V
faults?
a. Single line to ground fault.
b. Double line to ground fault
c. Line to line fault
d. Fault due to all the three phases to earth.
79. Open conductor is a …….. type of fault B UNIT V
a) Shunt
b) Series
c) Unsymmetrical
80. ………. is a symmetrical fault D UNIT V
a) L-G
b) L-L
c) LL-G
d) 3- phase
81. L-L is a ………................. type of fault A UNIT V
a) Shunt
b) Series
c) Symmetrical
82. ……………………… is the equation of short circuit current for c UNIT V
the fault at any bus p for fault impedance matrix
a) Ip(F)012 = (ZF012 + Zpp012). Ep(0)012
b) Ip(F)012 = (ZF012 - Zpp012). Ep(0)012
c) Ip(F)012 = (ZF012 + Zpp012) -1. Ep(0)012
d) Ip(F)012 = (ZF012 - Zpp012) -1. Ep(0)012
83. ……………………… is the equation of voltage for the fault at any B UNIT V
bus p for fault impedance matrix
a) Ep(F)012 = ZF012 (ZF012 - Zpp012) -1. Ep(0)012
b) Ep(F)012 = ZF012 (ZF012 + Zpp012) -1. Ep(0)012
c) Ep(F)012 = ZF012 (ZF012 - Zpp012). Ep(0)012
d) Ep(F)012 = ZF012 (ZF012 + Zpp012). Ep(0)012
84. ……………………… is the equation of short circuit current for A UNIT V
the fault at any bus p for fault admittance matrix
a) Ip(F)012 = YF012 (U+ YF012Zpp012)-1. Ep(0)012
b) Ip(F)012 = YF012 (U- YF012Zpp012)-1. Ep(0)012
c) Ip(F)012 = YF012 (U+ YF012Zpp012). Ep(0)012
d) Ip(F)012 = YF012 (U- YF012Zpp012). Ep(0)012
85. ……………… is the relation between power angle δ in electrical D UNIT VI
& mechanical a) δ = θe / ω0.t
b) δ = θe + ω0.t
c) δ = θe - 2ω0.t
d) δ = θe – ω0.t
86. What is the value of transient stability limit? a. B UNIT VI
Higher than steady state stability limit
b. Lower than steady state stability limit.
c. Depending upon the severity of load
d. All of these
e. None of these
87. By using which component can the transient stability B UNIT VI
limit of a power system be improved? a. Series
resistance
b. Series capacitor
c. Series inductor
d. Shunt resistance
88. What is transient stability limit? A UNIT VI
a. The maximum flow of power through a
particular point in the power system without loss of
stability when small disturbances occur.
b. The maximum power flow possible through a
particular component connected in the power system.
c. The maximum flow of power through a particular
point in the power system without loss of stability when
large and sudden disturbances occur d. All of these
e. None of these

89. Which among the following methods is used for d UNIT VI

improving the system stability? a. Increasing the
system voltage
b. Reducing the transfer reactance
c. Using high speed circuit breaker
d. All of these
e. None of these
90. What is steady state stability limit? A UNIT VI
a. The maximum flow of power through a
particular point in the power system without loss of
stability when small disturbances occur.
b. The maximum power flow possible through a
particular component connected in the power system.
c. The maximum flow of power through a particular
point in the power system without loss of stability when
sudden disturbances occur d. All of these
e. None of these
91. Which among these is a classification of power system D UNIT VI
stability?
a. Frequency stability
b. Voltage stability
c. Rotor angle stability

d. All of these
e. None of these
92. The stability of the power system is not affected by which B UNIT VI
among these?
a. Generator reactance
b. Line losses
c. Excitation of generators
d. All of these
e. None of these
93. What is power system stability? B UNIT VI
a. The maximum power flow possible through a
particular component connected in the power system.
b. The ability of the power system to regain the state
of operating equilibrium point when the system is
subjected to any disturbances.
c. It is a phenomenon in which a power system losses its
operating equilibrium when subjected to large disturbances.
d. All of these
e. None of these

94. The Critical Clearance time of a fault in the power system is D UNIT VI
related to
a) Reactive power limit
b) Short Circuit limit
c) Steady state stability limit
d) Transient stability limit
95. The equal area criteria of stability is used for: a) b UNIT VI
no load on the busbar
b) One machine and infinite busbar
c) More than one machine and infinite busbar
d) None of the above
96. If the torque angle of the alternator increases indefinitely the C UNIT VI
system will show:
a) Steady state stability limit
b) Transient state stability limit
c) Instability
d) None of the above
97. The steady state stability of the power system can be D UNIT VI
improved by:
a) Increasing the number of parallel lines between the
transmission points
b) Connecting capacitors in series with the line
c) Reducing the excitation of the machines
d) Both a and b
98. The transient stability limit of the power system can be C UNIT VI
increased by introducing:
a) Series Inductance
b) Shunt Inductance
c) Series Capacitance
d) Shunt Capacitance
99. The inertia constant of the two machines which are not A UNIT VI
swinging together are M1 and M2. The equivalent
inertia constant of the system is: a) M1-M2
b) M1+M2
c) M1M2/(M1+M2)
d) M1M2/(M1-M2)

100. Which of the following is TRUE about the assumptions of transient A UNIT VI
stability analysis:
a. Rotor speed is assumed to be asynchronous
b. Mechanical output is assume to remain constant
c. Shunt elements are neglected
d. Synchronous damping windings are included
 CAPS MCQ

1. In a balanced three-phase system-delta load, if we assume the line voltage is

VRY = V 0⁰ as a 01․ In which of the following given faults, all the sequence currents are equal?

LG
LLG
LLL
LL

02․ If all the sequence voltages at the fault point in a power system are equal, then the fault
point is a
LLL
LL
LG
LLG

03․ The zero-sequence current of a generator for line to ground fault is j3 pu. Then the current
through the neutral during the fault is ______
j3 pu
j1 pu
j9 pu
j6 pu

Assumptions in LG faults are 1. Fault current If = IR 2. IY = IB = 0 3. Vf = IR×Zf =

If×Zf Therefore, Therefore, Current through the neutral

during the fault If = 3×IR0 If = 3× j3 = j9 pu

04․ Which of the following statement is/are true?Zn

The neutral grounding impedance Zn appears as 3Zn in zero sequence equivalent circuit
The neutral grounding impedance Zn appears as Zn in zero sequence equivalent
circuit
both 1 and 2
nether 1 nor 2
05․ A fault occurring at the terminals of an unloaded synchronous generator operating at its rated
voltage has resulted in the following values of currents and voltages. I R0 = j 2.37 pu IR1 = -j 3.05 pu IR2 = j
0.68 pu VR0 = VR1 = VR2 = 0.237 pu.
Which of the following faults has occurred?
LL
LG
LLG
LLL

06․ The line currents of 3-phase supply are: IR = 3 + j 5 A IY =2 + j 2 A IB = -2 - j 1

A The zero-sequence current will be
1+j2A
5+j7A
1+j4A
-2 - j 1 A

07․ An unloaded generator with a pre-fault voltage 1 pu has the following sequence impedance: Z 0 = j
0.15 pu, Z1 = Z2 = j 0.25 pu The neutral is grounded with a reactance of 0.05 pu. The fault current in pu
for single line to ground fault is

7.25 pu
2.5 pu
3.75 pu
4.28 pu
08․ A power system network has n nodes, Z33 of its bus impedance matrix is j0.5 pu. The voltage at
node 3 is 1.3 -10°. If capacitor is having reactance of -j3.5 pu is now added to the network between
node 3 and reference node, the current drawn by the capacitor in pu is
0.325 -100° 0.725
80°
0.371 -100°
0.433 80°

09․ In a 3-phase, 5 kV, 5 MVA system, what is the base impedance?

5 ohms
500 ohms
0.5 ohm
50 ohms

10․ When is the ferranti effect on long overhead lines experienced?

 The line is fully loaded
The line is heavily loaded
The line is lightly loaded
The power factor is unity

1 . the line voltage VRY = V 0⁰ is taken as a reference phasor.

Then the source voltage VYB is?
a) V 0⁰
b) V -120⁰
c) V 120⁰
d) V 240⁰

2. In the question 1, the source voltage VBR is?

a) V 120⁰
b) V 240⁰
c) V -240⁰
d) V -120⁰ View Answer

3. In a delta-connected load, the relation between line voltage and the phase voltage is?
a) line voltage > phase voltage
b) line voltage < phase voltage
c) line voltage = phase voltage
d) line voltage >= phase voltage

4. If the load impedance is Z Ø, the current (IR ) is?

a) (V/Z) -Ø
b) (V/Z) Ø
c) (V/Z) 90-Ø
d) (V/Z) -90+Ø

5. In the question 4, the expression obtained for current (IY) is?

a) (V/Z) -120+Ø
b) (V/Z) 120-Ø
c) (V/Z) 120+Ø
d) (V/Z) -120-Ø

6. In the question 4, the expression obtained for current (IB) is?

a) (V/Z) -240+Ø
b) (V/Z) -240-Ø
c) (V/Z) 240-Ø
d) (V/Z) 240+Ø

7. A three phase, balanced delta connected load of (4+j8) Ω is connected across a 400V, 3 – Ø balanced
supply. Determine the phase current IR . Assume the phase sequence to be RYB.
a) 44.74 -63.4⁰A
b) 44.74 63.4⁰A
c) 45.74 -63.4⁰A
d) 45.74 63.4⁰A
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Taking the line voltage VRY = V 0⁰ as a reference VRY = 400 0⁰V, VYB = 400 -120⁰V and VBR
= 400 -240⁰V. Impedance per phase = (4+j8) Ω = 8.94 63.4⁰Ω. Phase current I R = (400 0o)/(8.94
63.4o )= 44.74 -63.4⁰A.

8. In the question 7, determine the phase current IY.

a) 44.74 183.4⁰A
b) 45.74 183.4⁰A
c) 44.74 183.4⁰A
d) 45.74 -183.4⁰A View Answer Answer: c
Explanation: Taking the line voltage VRY = V 0⁰ as a reference VRY = 400 0⁰V, VYB = 400 -120⁰V and VBR
= 400 -240⁰V. Impedance per phase = (4+j8)Ω =
8.94 63.4⁰Ω. Phase current IY = (400 120o)/(8.94 63.4o )= 44.74 -183.4⁰A.

9. In the question 7, determine the phase current IB.

a) 44.74 303.4⁰A
b) 44.74 -303.4⁰A
c) 45.74 303.4⁰A
d) 45.74 -303.4⁰A
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Taking the line voltage VRY = V 0⁰ as a reference VRY = 400 0⁰V, VYB = 400 -120⁰V and VBR
= 400 -240⁰V. Impedance per phase = (4+j8) Ω = 8.94 63.4⁰Ω. Phase current I B = (400 240o)/(8.94
63.4o)= 44.74 -303.4⁰A.

10. Determine the power (kW) drawn by the load.

a) 21
b) 22
c) 23
d) 24
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Power is defined as the product of voltage and current. So the power drawn by the load is
P = 3VPhIPhcosØ = 24kW.

This set of Network Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Link Currents:
Tie-Set Matrix”.

1. The current in a closed path in a loop is called?

a) loop current
b) branch current
c) link current
d) twig current

2. Tie-set is also called?

a) f loop
b) g loop
c) d loop
d) e loop

3. Consider the graph shown below. If a tree of the graph has branches 4, 5, 6, then one of the twigs will
be?

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

4. Consider the graph shown in the question 3 above. If a tree of the graph has branches 4, 5, 6,
then one of the links will be?
a) 3
b)38
c)38
d)Error! Bookmark not defined.

5. The loop current direction of the basic loop formed from the tree of the graph is?
a) same as the direction of the branch current
b) opposite to the direction of the link current
c) same as the direction of the link current
d) opposite to the direction of the branch current

6. Consider the graph shown below. The direction of the loop currents will be? (ACW – Anticlockwise,
CW – Clockwise).

a) I1 ACW
b) I2 ACW
c) I3 CW
d) I4 ACW

7. For Tie-set matrix, if the direction of current is same as loop current, then we place ___ in the
matrix.
a) +1
b) -1
c) 0
d) +1 or -1

8. If a row of the tie set matrix is as given below, then its corresponding equation will be? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
I1 -1 +1 0 0 +1 0 0 0
a) -V1+V2+V3=0
b) -I1+I2+I3=0
c) -V1+V2-V3=0
d) -I1+I2-I3=0
Explanation: KVL equations are derived from tie set matrix and these include voltages not currents. So, -
V1+V2+V3=0.

9. The matrix formed by link branches of a tie set matrix is?

a) Row matrix
b) Column matrix
c) Diagonal matrix
d) Identity matrix

10. The number of tie set matrices formed from a graph are?
a) NN-1
b) NN
c) NN-2
d) NN+1 View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: For every tree, there will be a unique tie set matrix. So there will be N N-2 tie set matrices.
This set of Network Theory Interview Questions and Answers focuses on “Cut-Set and Tree Branch
Voltages”.

1. The direction of the cut-set is?

a) same as the direction of the branch current
b) opposite to the direction of the link current
c) same as the direction of the link current
d) opposite to the direction of the branch current

2. Consider the graph shown below. The direction of the cut-set of node ‘a’ is?

a) right
b) left
c) upwards
d) downwards

3. Consider the graph shown above in question 2. The direction of the cut-set at node ‘b’ will be?
a) upwards
b) right
c) downwards
d) left

4. In the graph shown above in the question 2, the direction of the cut-set at node
‘c’ is?
a) downwards
b) upwards
c) left
d) right

5. In the graph shown in the question 2, the direction of the cut-set at node ‘d’ will be?
a) left
b) downwards
c) right
d) upwards

6. The row formed at node ‘a’ in the cut set matrix in the figure shown in question 2 is?
I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 I7 I8
a) +1 +1 +1 +1 0 0 0 0
b) +1 0 0 0 +1 0 0 +1
c) -1 0 0 0 -1 0 0 -1
d) -1 -1 0 0 -1 -1 0 0

7. The row formed at node ‘c’ in the cut set matrix in the figure shown question 2 is?
a) -1 -1 0 0 +1 -1 0 0
b) 0 0 +1 0 0 -1 -1 0
c) +1 0 0 0 +1 0 0 +1
d) -1 0 0 0 -1 0 0 -1

8. The number of cut set matrices formed from a graph is?

a) NN-1
b) NN
c) NN-2
d) NN+1

9. For every tree there will be _____ number of cut set matrices.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

10. If a row of the cut set matrix formed by the branch currents of the graph is shown below. Then
which of the following is true?
I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 I7 I8 -1 -1 0 0
+1 -1 0 0
a) -V1-V2+V5-V6=0
b) -I1-I2+I5-I6=0
c) -V1+V2+V5-V6=0
d) -I1+I2+I5-I6=0