iifrys ÿl ke;slrkak

wjÈjkak
ÿl ksjkak

3
idOq p¾hdj kï jQ
n%yau úydr

m<uq uqøKh (
2011 ud¾;=

l;D(-
u;= nqÿjk fndai;dfKda
iuka lxldkïf.a uy;d

uqøKh (
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i
 fmrjok

—wjÈjkak ÿl ksjkak˜ m<uq iy fojk

fmd;a ;=< iudc wjYH;djhla uekúka bgq jQ nj
olsñka tjeks fmd;a msxpl h<s wjYH;djh olsñka
Nla;Hdorfhka O¾u odkuh msxlug iyNd.s
fjñka ud Èßu;a lrñka fuu uqøKh lsÍug
uQ,Huh odhl;ajh ,ndÿka ish¨ fokdf.a b,a,Su
u; 2011 ud¾;= ui 19 Èk fhfok mqr mif<diajl
fmdfydh Èk fjkqfjka fuu fmd;a msxp Tn fj;
ms<s.kajkakg fhÿKs'

mqrd jir 6la ;siafia wfkal ÿla ú¢ñka o

ñifogq j ka f .a w.re" wmydi ueÈka o"
uQ,O¾ujd§kaf.a mSvd ueÈka o mkakrh ,nñka Y%S
,xldfõ .=Kd;aulu wimq N+ñh ks¾udKh lrñka
,nd.;a W;=ï úYajuh n,h'' Y%S ioyï .xÕdjla
f,i oyï msmdidj ksùfï ud¾.hlg wj;S¾K
lrñka Tn w;g m;alrkakg fhfok fï fmd;a
msxp kej;Sula fkdj''' fõ.j;a nfjys wdrïNhla
muKla u nj o isyslrñka Tn u;lhg
fhduqlrjk tlu j.ka;sh jkafka Tn o fuh O¾u
odkhla lrñka iudc.; lsÍug odhl jk f,ihs'
tA i|yd Tn iqr;g m;ajk fuu fmd;a msxp ;j;a
whl=g ,nd§ug lghq;= lrkak'

ii
 m%d¾:kdj
fuu O¾u odkfha W;=ï wdkqNdjh
fuu fmd; uqøKh lsÍu i|yd uQ,H
odhl;ajh iemhQ W;=ï msxj;a msßig"
mhg mEf.k ÿyqú,a,la ÿyqú,a,la
.dfka" .; oejfgk iq<x fmdola
fmdola .dfka iifrys flf,ia
ksfjñka W;=ï nqoaO iNd uKavmhl
Ôjudk nqÿisßh ú¢ñka ish¿ flf,ia
ksjd uyry;a fndaêh ,nd.ksñka
—ksjka˜ idmsmdidj ksjd.ekSug
jdikdj fõjd''''æææ

iii
 ms<s.ekaùu

W;=ï nqoaO iNd uKavmhla

olskakg ud iuÕ fjfyfiñka
—iquÕ˜ iudê wimqfjys Wkak;sh m;d
? Èjd fjfyfik
W;=ï mskaj;=ka fj;
Nla;Hdorfhka ms<s.kajñ'

- mdró mqrk fndai;dfKda -

iv
idOq p¾hdj kï jQ
n%yau úydrhs
fï''''

01
 ñksid jQ l<S úYajfha wmQreu ks¾udKhls'
tfia;a ke;akï úYajfha uq¿ ryiu ieÕù we;s
o;a; .nvdj u ñksid jkafkah' úfgl Nhxldr
le,hla mßoafoka" ;j;a úfgl yqol,djQ .ia
fijKl mj;sk iq,,s; nj o leálr .;a
ukilska hq;= ñksidf.a fï oaú;aj ixl,kh
tlaflda iudcuh ldndiskshd lr oukakg ;rï
m%n, n,fõ.hla ùu fyda iudc Wkak;sfha m%n,
idOlhla úh yelsh' ixlS¾K lhla yd Bg;a jvd
ixlS¾K jQ is;la iu. noaO j iodpdrh fyda
wúpdrh iu. uqiq jQ hka;%hla mßoafoka ish,af,ys
ks¾udKlrejd ù ;sfnkafka wmQ¾j wdldrhlsks'
m<uqj ;uka ;=< iajNdj oyu ks¾udKh lr.;a
ñksid wOHd;auh ;=< úYajh ks¾udKh lrf.k
;sfnkafka b;d iqúfYaIS yelshdjlsks' ñksid jkdys
iajNdj oyfï mod¾:uh .=Kh fjkia lrñka
ks¾udKfha ysksfm;a;g k.skakg iu¾: lrefjla
fukau ñksid jkdys wOHd;auh ;=< ukqIHhka"
foúhka" n%yauhka ks¾udKh lsÍfï W;=ï
ld¾hfhao úYaj l¾ñlhd u jkafkah' tfukau fï
ñksidg u i;ajhl=" ksßi;ajhl=" wmdi;ajfhl=
ks¾udKh lr.ekSug o yelshdj we;af;ah' hï
fyhlska i;ajhl=" wmdi;ajhl=" ksßi;ajhl=
ks¾udKh lr.ekSfï ÿ¾.=Kfhka ñ§ ñksidg"
ñksid ;=< foúhl= n%yauhl= ks¾udKh lr.; yels
kï th idOq p¾hdjhs' fï idOq p¾hdj fkdfyd¢ka
—fyd|˜ u;=lrjk" wjeäka —jev˜ odhl nj u;=jk"
ffjrfhka wffjrh u;=jk m%n, l%shdldß;ajhls'
ueKsla m;,l mia" uv" fndrÈh bj;a lrñka
ueKsla fidhkakd" ;uka bj;a lrkakd jQ mia

02
m%udKh .ek lsisod fkdfidhkafkah' ueKsla
msysgk b,a,u keue;s mi fidhd.kakd f;la
Tyqf.a l%shdj mia" uv bj;a lsÍu muKls' b,a,u
fidaod mú;% lr.;a miq b;sß jkafka o .,a" fndr¿"
je,sj,ska iukaú; ñY%Khls' thg Tjqka —kdïnqj˜
hehs lsh;s' fï kdïnqj o fyd¢ka msßlaid kqjukd
.,a fndr¿ bj;alr b;d iSrefjka ueKsla fidhhs'
tA w;r mqxÑ mqxÑ jákdlï we;s .,a j¾. o tl;=
lr.kS' tA whqßkau ñksid keu;s fï i;a;ajhd o
;uka <Õ tA jákd iïm; wjê lr.kakg kï
;uka <Õ we;s jevlg ke;s mia" uv fidaodyeßh
hq;=u h' idOq p¾hdj kï jQfha fuhhs' uv
fidaokakg msßisÿ c,h ;sìh hq;=h' frdvq" l=Kq md
lr yeßh hq;=h' fï b,a,u fidaooa§ f,dl= m,la
fkdjk .,a fndr¿ bj;alr yeßh hq;=h' tA i|yd
ukd ixhula ;sìh hq;=h' túg .reï jÜáfha jákd
foa ;ekam;a fõ' tA wdldrfhka u ñksia is; ;=<
mj;sk kqjukd foa bj;alrk úg jákd ueKsla
u;=fõ' tA i|yd idOq p¾hdj m%.=K l< hq;=u h'
l=ulao fï idOq p¾hdj ''''
oafõIfhka bj;aùu keu;s i;a.=Kh jQ
fu;a;dj;a mdmS;ajfhka bj;aùu keue;s i;a.=Kh
jQ lreKdj;a B¾IHdfjka bj;aùu keu;s i;a.=Kh
jQ uqÈ;dj;a iunr;djfhka ñ§ m%sh fyda wm%sh foa
iu. jHdmdofha .e,Sfuka bj;aùu keu;s
i;a.=Kh jQ WfmaCIdj;a fï idOq p¾hdjhs'
fï W;=ï .=Kdx.hka is; ;=< jvkakg ;rï
wêIaGdkhla" ù¾hhla we;a;d i;H f,iu
W;a;ufhls' ÿmam;a" fmdfydi;a fNaohlska f;drj
f.dvke.sh yels fukau tla ;eklg iSud fkdù

03
uq¿ uy;a úYajh ;=<u me;sßh yels uyd .=Kdx.
iuqodhls' flf<iaj,ska nr jQ is; msxis;la njg
m;alr .kakg m<uqj fiaÈh hq;= Èhrh ffu;%shhs'
tkï fu;a;djhs' mqoa.,hd keu;s flf<ia u,lv"
li< l=Kqf.dv fidaokakg fu;a;dj;a" lreKdj
;=<ska nr leg leì,s;s bj;a lr.ekSug;a uqÈ;dj
;=<ska kqjukd .,a fndr¿ bj;alr .ekSug;a"
WfmaCIdj ;=<ska úksúo ne,Sug;a yels kï" jákd
,iaik ueKslla kï jQ msx is; ñksid <Õ
u;=jkafkau h'

««««

04
 n%yau úydr
ksjkg fya;=jk
O¾u;djhla kï
iu;fha fyda úoiqka u.ska
wOHhkh lrkakg
lugyka f,i mj;So@

05
 W;=ï ksjk mila lr.kakg kï kdurEm
oyu ;=< mj;skakd jQ h:d iajNdjh ;=<ska Ôù" wÔù"
ifÉ;ksl" wfÉ;ksl O¾u;djhka uekúka is;
;=< wjfndaO úh hq;=uh' úYajh ;=< ilaj,la"
ilaj, ;=< f,dalhla" f,dalh ;=< i;ajfhla"
i;ajhd ;=< O¾u;djhla olsñka úYajfha fmdÿ
h:d¾:hg .,md.; hq;=uh' tA iQCIu l%uh yeoEÍu
;=< ksjk olskjd yefrkakg fmd;l m;l we;s
.d:djla" iQ;%hla lgmdvï lr.;a muKska fyda
;uka isysfkka u.M, ,nkjd oel=ñka úYajfha
fmdÿ h:d¾:hg m%úYaG úh fkdyelsu h' úYajfha
fmdÿ h:d¾:h kï jQ —ksjk˜ msxis; ;=<
wjfndaOfhka yiqlr.ksñka iir ÿl ksùug
leu;s mqoa.,hd úiska ;uka ks¾udKh ù we;s whqre
olsñka f,dal ks¾udKh;a" f,dal ks¾udKh olsñka
ilaj, ks¾udKh ù we;s whqre;a" ilaj, ks¾udKh
ù we;s whqre olsñka úYaj ks¾udKh;a wjfndaO
lr.; hq;=uh' tA i|yd ms<smeÈh hq;= O¾u;djhka
iuQyhls fï ish,a, oelsh hq;af;a ;ukaf.a u is;
ÈhqKq lr.ekSu u.sks' hï whl= lS m<shg ,efnk
oekSu ;j flfkl=f.a lSfuka ¥IKh úh yels
neúka m%;HCIfhka wjfndaO lr.ekSug kï
l%uj;a ms<sfj;la we;slr .; hq;=h' tneúka ish¨
ifÉ;ksl" wfÉ;ksl" Ôù" wÔù l%shdj,sh ieliS
we;s wdldrh wjfndaO lr.ekSu;a" tA ;=< mqoa.,hd
iir ne| ;nk O¾u;djhka úkdY lr oeóu;a l<
hq;=u h' tA i|yd lu_ia:dk i;,syla m%.=K lroa§
i;r n%yau úydr keu;s W;a;=x. .=Kdx.hka wm is;
;=< jeã ;sìh hq;=h' fï .=Kdx. i;r idOq p¾hdj
kï fõ'
f,dalfha ish,a, ksu_dKh ù ;sfnkafka Od;=
06
rEm i;rlsks' tA i;ruyd N+;hska kñka y÷kajk
;o nj we;slrk mGú Od;=j;a
je.sfrk nj we;slrk wdfmda Od;=j;a
WKqiqï nj we;slrk f;afcda Od;=j;a
mdfjk nj we;slrk jdfhda Od;=j;a
;=<sks' úYajfha iEu foalu mj;sk fmdÿ
O¾u;djh fuhhs' mqxÑu wxY=j mrudKqj lshd lSj;a
th ks¾udKh ù we;af;a fï Od;= i;frks'
meyeÈ,sj i|yka lf<d;a ish¨ Ôù wÔù l%shdj,sfha
ish¨ jia;+ka ks¾udKh ù we;s mod¾:fha uQ,
Od;=ju ks¾udKh ù we;af;a fï N+; rEm i;frks'
mqoa.,hd Ôúfhls' tneúka fï i;r uyd
N+;hska ;=< hï il%sh njla we;slrñka isà' tA Ôù
nj we;slrkafka kduh ;=<sks' kduh hkqfjka
ye¢kajQfha il%sh nj ;=< f.dvk.d .ekSu" iajNdj
oyu ;=< úldYkh ùu" iajNdj oyu ;=< f.dapr
jk idOl ,nd.ekSu kï w¾:fhks' mqoa.,hd
iajNdj oyu ú£' tA i|yd Ôù nj keu;s kduh
tfia;a ke;akï ú£u ;=< we;sjk ú{dkh
ks¾udKh lr.ksñka mj;skafka j¾Khka ;=<sks'
kS," mS;" f,days;" ´od; kï j¾K ixl,kh
lr.ekSfuks' fuh ixl,kh ùu ;=< wdf,dalh;a"
wdf,dalh fyda ´kEu fohla mj;ajd .ekSug
wjldYh;a wjYHuh' fï wjldYh ;=< weig
fmfkk" lkg wefyk foa ks¾udKh ù ;sfnkafka
tf,isks' tA wkqj uq¿uy;a úYajh ;=<u hï il%sh
njla wm úiska olsñka fuh we;ehs hehs y÷kajd
.ksñka tA ;=< fudayfha .ef,kafka kï bka ñ§ug
wm úiska m%.=K l< hq;af;a fï oi úêh hs' tA oi

07
úêh by;ska fþohka ;=< oelajqj;a idrdxY l< úg
my; wdldrfhka ms<sfj, l< yelsh' wm oY lisk
kñka úoiqka jvkafka tu oyh ;=<sks'
mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdhq - mod¾: i;r
kS," mS;" f,days;" ´od; - j¾K 4
wdf,dalh - j¾K 4 mod¾:
iu. .e,fmk
úg kduh ;= <
we;sùu'
wjldih - we;sjk O¾uhka
mj;ajd.kakg yd
tlla wks f lka
fjkajk ysia ;ek
by;ska oelajQfha lugyka 40ka oyhls' B<Õ
oyh jkafka oY iauD;Skah' tkï úYajfha fmdÿ
h:d¾:h ne,Su i|yd isysh ;=< mj;ajd.; hq;= lh
yd úYajh iu. ne£ we;s O¾u;djhkah' tA
wjfndaOh ;=< lh oelSu;a" iajNdjh oelSu;a" Ôù
f,dalh ;=< fmfkk fkdfmfkk Ôj fldgia
ms<sn| iauD;sh ,nd.ekSu;a fjhs' tA oyh
1' nqoaOdkqiai;s
2' Oïudkqiai;s
3' ix>dkqiai;s
4' YS,dkqiai;s
5' pd.dkqiai;s
6' foaj;dkqiai;s
7' ufkdkqiai;s

08
8' ldh.;di;s
9' wdkdmdki;s
10' Wmiudkqiai;s
hk lugyka oyh fjhs'
lugyka 40 ka B<Õ oyh jkafka wiqN
oyhhs' lh ;=< f,daNh;a" wdYdfjka we;s lr.;a
ne£u ;=< w;yer .; fkdyels mqoa., wdYdj;a
iu.ska ixl,kh fjñka Njfhka Njh ;kkakg
fya;=jk rEmh ;=< we,Su h:djfndaOfhka oelSug
kï —lh˜ ;=< ksiaidrK nj oelSug" úkdYhg
m;ajk crdjg urKhg md;% jk fohla f,i
wjfndaO lr.ekSug wjYH jk ldrKd oyhls'
tkï —lh˜ úkdY jk oi wjia:djka wdj¾ckh
lr ne,Suls' tA oyh

1' Woaøudkl
2' úkS,sl
3' úmqínl
4' úÉýoaol
5' úlaLdhs;l
6' úlals;a;l
7' y; úlals;a;l
8' f,days;l
9' mq,jl
10' wÜÀl
B<Õg yiqjkafka wm l;dlrk n%yau
úydrhs' l,ska i|yka lrk ,o ldrKd 30u
09
wjfndaOfhka oelSug" f,daNfhka oafõYfhka
f;drj mrud¾: idOkhlska f;drj oelSug kï
is; ;=< wjHdcj we;s úh hq;= ksrdñi m%S;sh cks;
lrjk ÿlg fya;= fkdjk O¾u;d 4ls' fuh"
1' fu;a;dj
2' lreKdj
3' uqÈ;dj
4' WfmCIdj fjhs'
fï úYajhg iu.dó jk fmdÿ h:d¾:hg is;
m;alr .; fkdyels kï uq,ska we;s l< lugyka
30u j¾Okh lsÍu" wkq.ukh lsÍu isÿlsÍu
wiSreh' tA''' is; i;r n%yau úyrKj,ska f;ó
ke;akï fudayfha .sksoe,a is; ojñka ;sfnk
neúks'

B<Õg lugyka 40ka idlÉPd jkafka n%yau

úydrj,ska f;ud .;a is; úYajfha ,nd.kakd
wkkH;djh yiqlr.kakd iSudjka fjhs' is; msßisÿ
lrkakg lrkakg flf,ia hgm;a lrkakg
lrkakg we;sjk isf;a iajNdjhka 4ls'
1' wdldidk[apdh;kh
2' ú{a{dk[apdh;kh
3' wdls[ap[a[dh;kh
4' fkajix{d kdix{dh;kh hs
B<Õg yiqjkafka lugyka 40 ;=<
« p;=Od;= j;a:dkh;a
« wdydr málal=, ix{dj;a kñka

10
 f,daNfhka" oafõYfhka" fudayfhka bj;a ù
;DIaKdj m%ySk lrñka úYaj h:d¾:hg <xùu i|yd
;uka ;=< —uu˜ mj;ajd.ksñka fmdÿ úYajhg
<xùug wjYH jk ldrKd 2ls' túg lguyka 40 ls'
tneúka fï ish,a, úksúo j olskakg
wjfndaO lr.kakg kï fudayfha .sksoe,a ksù ;sìh
hq;=h' fudayfha .sksoe,a ksùug i;r n%yau úydr
Wmfhda.S lr.ksñka oYlisk Tiafia úoiqka
jvkafka kï ''' úYajfha ieÕjqk ryi we;af;a
;uka ;=<u nj wjfndaO lr.; yelsh'

««««

11
idOq p¾hdfjys
m<uqjekak
ffu;%shhs'

12
 ffu;%sh
ffu;%sfh ys úreoaOd¾:h ffjrhhs' tneúka
nqÿkajykafia foaYkd l< fial'
kys fjfrk fjrdks
iuuk;SO l=odpkx
wfjfrk p iuuk;s
ti Ofuud ik k;fkd
fï f,dj lsis lf,l;a ffjr lsÍfuka
ffjrfhka fkdikaisf|;a' ffjr fkdlsÍfuka u
^wffjrfhka& ffjrh ixisf|;a' fuh fmr isg
mejf;k O¾uhls' ke;fyd;a ieuod mj;sk
iajNdjhls' O¾u;djhls'
ffu;%sh hkq fifkyi fkdfõ' ujla ;u
orejdg olajk fifkyi fjku .=Kdx.hls' kuq;a
tA uj ;u orejdf.a wdrCIdj" hym;" Wkak;sh ;=<
we;slr.kakd mrd¾:ldó wjHdc yeÕSu ffu;%shhs'
—tlu ujla ;u ore /ls ú,fia'''˜ orejdf.a i¾j
iqN isoaêh ;=< we;slr.kakd jQ W;a;Í;r úYajuh
idOlh ffu;%shhs' tA ;=< wjidkfha ÿlla yg
fkd.kakls' ;u orejd ú,i ish¨ orejkag olajk
udkisl l%shdldÍ;ajhla ñi ffu;%sh" udkisl
yeÕSula fkdfõ'
ffu;%sh hkq wdorh o fkdfõ' wdorh ;=<
wka;sfï úfhda ÿl fyda rd.h ;=< uqiq jQ
ldudiajdoh;a" tA ;=< we;sùug yels —ÿl˜ ;=<ska
ls,sá ùu isÿjkakls' tfia kï ffu;%sh hkq wdorho
fkdfõ' ffu;%sh is; ;=< we;sjk ifydaor;ajh o
fkdfõ' hy¿ ñ;% lu ;=< we;sjk ne£ula o
fkdfõ' tA yeulgu iSudjla ;sfí' ifydaor;ajh

13
;uka weiqre lrk {d;S;ajhla u; fyda wd.ñl"
foaYmd,ksl" fN!ñl wLKav;djhla ;=< mj;sk
ixl,amhla úh yel' tA iSudj ;=< isák úg tA
iSudfjka msg; flfkl= ysxikhg ,laùu
fkdje<elaúh yelsh' foaYmd,kfha § —ifydaorhd˜
iudcjdofha § fldñhqksiajdofha § muKls' wd.ñl
ifydaor;ajh weoySfï iSudj ;=< muKls' rfgys
ifydaor;ajh wod, N+ñ iSudj ;=< muKls'
{d;S;ajfha fyda hy¿ ñ;% ix.ufhys ifydaor;ajh
wod< lKavdhu ;=< muKls' bka tydg msßila
keoao@ isà kï tu ifydaor;ajh ffu;%sh fkdfõ'
ffu;%sh b;d .dïNSrh' f,dj tl f,i" tl
is;ska" miq n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla ke;sj" úYajh mqrd
me;sßh yels iSud udhsula fjkal< fkdyels
O¾u;djhls' .ia lmkakd .ia fijKg hk úg kqU
.i lmkafkls' m,hx fu;kska wylg''' hkqfjka
.i fudrfokafkaj;a" fijK fkd§ bkafkaj;a
ke;' Tng wmg ,ndfok fijK u tA mqoa.,hdg o
tl f,i ,ndfohs' tA ilaj, ;=< ysre ;ukaf.a
rYañh yeu .%yf,djlg u ;drldjlg ,nd fok
mßoafoka yeu i;ajfhl=g u Ôjh ,nd.ekSug
Wmldr jk mßoafoka ffu;%sh o ish,a,kag u fmdÿ
W;=ï .=Kdx.hlska fyì iSud nJOkhlska f;dr
Wodr ixl,khls' ;ukag ;uka ;=< fu;a is;
me;sßh fkdyelaldg wka whg fu;a is; me;sßh
fkdyelaflau h' tkï ;ukag;a ke;s fu;a;dj
wkqkag me;sßh fkdyelaflau h' wm wl=i,a
lrkafka mis÷rka ;=< .kakd fõokdfõ iajNdjh
u;u h' ;uka ;=< ;uka fõokdjla .kakd mqoa.,hd
;=< ÿl Wm§' ;uka ;=< WmÈk ÿlla we;s whl= <Õ
tfia kï ffu;%sh flfiaj;a ;sìh fkdyelsu h'
14
 lh wkqmiaikdjg ,lalrk mqoa.,hd o
fõokdj wkqmiaikdjg ,lalrk mqoa.,hd o
Ñ;a;h wkqmiaikdjg ,lalrk mqoa.,hd o
tA ;=< we;s O¾u;jh o wkqmiaikdjg
Ndckh lrhs' tfia kï ffu;%sh hkq úYaj
O¾u;djhla wjfndaO lr.ekSug yels W;a;Í;r
ud¾. {dkh m%n, Yla;s Odrdjla ñi wjidkfha
ÿlska fl<jr jk jpkd¾:hla fkdfõ' ffu;%sh
mrudo¾YSh" .dïNSrh" w;s mdßY=oaOh'
wm wud uEKS jQ nqÿrcdKka jykafia ;=<ska
Èia jQ ffu;%sfh ys m%udKhg iul< yelaflla
f,dj isáhd kï tA ;j;a nqÿrcdKka jykafia
flfklau jkafkah' ixidr Njhka lma,CI
.Kkska mqreÿ mqyqKq l< tA idOq p¾hdj ;u rdyq,
l=urejka fuka ;ukag wem Wmia:dk l<
wdkkaog;a" ;u ysig .,a fmrÆ foõo;ag;a tl fia
m%ldY l< fial' W;=ï fndai;a u. ;=< Wkajykafia
ish¨ fokdg ffu;%S lrkakg ;u Èúh lem l<
fial'
uf.a Ôú;h § uu Tnj wdrCId lr.kakï'
t;ek ffu;%sh ke;' uf.a fm%auh wdorh fjkqfjka
uu Ôú;h jqk;a mqokakï' .x.dfõ uy uqyqfoa
mkskakï' tA ffu;%sh ksid fkdfõ' tA we;af;a
Wkaudohla muKls yeu flfkl=f.a u ÿl
ch.kakg Ôú;h mQcd lrkakg fmrd;=j ;ukag
—ÿl˜ we;s nj wjfndaO lr.; hq;=h' tneúka ;uka
mSvdj ,lafjñk wkqkaf.a hym; ;=< ffu;%sh
flfia we;sjkako@ ffu;%sh —uu˜ hk iSud
nJOkho fkdue;sj fmdÿ úYajhla yd tA úYaj
ixy;sfha ifÉ;ksl wfÉ;ksl Ôj l%shdj,sh ;=<
i¾j isoaêhla we;slr,Su olajd fufyhjk m%n,
15
idOlhla jkafka tneúks'
fu;a;dfjys úreoaOd¾:h kï jQ ffjrh
fukau tu ffjrh ;=< we;sjk fl%daO .skak ksùug
ffu;%sh keu;s isis,i u m%udKj;ah' ffu;%sh yer
fjk lsisjlska th ksúh fkdyelsu h' ;ukag ìh"
úm;ska fYdalh ÿl we;sjk nj wjfndaO jkafka
kï wka whg ìh" úm;a le|jkakg wm W;aidy
fkdl< hq;=h' túg we;sjkafka ffu;%shhs' tneúka
;ud Wmud lrñka wka whg ys;iqj msKsi jkak'''
nqÿka jykafia o foaYkd l< fial'
ish¨ i;ajfhda ÿlska ñfo;ajd' ud o ÿlska
ñfo;ajd' ud kSfrda.S fj;ajd' ish¨ i;ajfhda o frda.
nfjka ksoyia fj;ajd''' fï wm ksjerÈ j ffu;%sh
jeãula o@ ke;' ;uka ÿlska ñfokakg kï ÿl
we;sjk fya;= ke;slr .ekSfï jEhul isáh hq;=h'
;uka kSfrda.S jkakg kï frda.S jkakg fya;= bj;a
lr.; hq;=h' ;DIaKdfjka" fl%daOfhka" B¾IHdfjka
;ud ;=<u ;uka .ek wd;au mSvdjlska lghq;= lrk
ñksid ;=< ;ukag ffu;%shla fyda wkqkag
me;srùula fyda l< yelso@ tneúka fï m%n,
O¾u;djh uekúka wjfndaO lr.kafka kï
f,djla iqkaor jkq we;' ish,af,da ksjkska
iekfikq we;'

««««

16
 ffu;%sfha i;=rd o
y÷kd.ksuq'

fm%auh jkdys mqoa., is; ;=< mj;skakd jQ

wjHdc núka jHdc nj lrd .uka.kakd yeÕSuls'
fm%aufha wjidkh fõokdjlska fl<jr ùu ish¨
i;aj iuQyfha u ksh; .;s ,CIKhls' rd.fhka
f;drj" f,daNfhka f;drj" oafõYfhka f;drj"
fudayfhka f;drj bmfok fm%auhla fkdue;af;au
h' ovhï n,af,l= fyda jk uD.hl= ;u ovhu foi
;SCIKj n,d isákakd mßoafoka fm%auh ;=< rd.h
u;=úh yelsh' fm%auh ;=< f,daNh we;súh yelsh'
oafõYh o" fudayh o we;súh yelsh' we;eï úg fuys
tlla folla fkdj ish,a,u fï ;=< .eíúh yelsh'
ñ;=frl= f,iska meñfKk fm%auh" wdorfha W,am;
;=<ska u;= ù ffu;%sh f,i fmkS isákafka yoj;a
fldaá .Kkla WKqúh yels whqßka u jqj;a fm%aufha
ffjrh" wdorfha ffjrh" yoj;a fldaá .Kkla
ñksia f,dj ;=< wo jk úg úkdY lrñka isákafka
ñksia is;g o fjki fidhd oek.; fkdyels
f,iskau h'
foudmshka orejkag fm%au lr;s' wUq ieñhka
Tjqfkdjqkag fm%au lr;s' wdorjka;hska" jka;shka
Tjqfkdjqkag fm%au lr;s' tA udkqISh wjYH;djhls'
lSug we;af;a tA ffu;%sh fkdjk nju h' ñ;=re
fjiska meñfKk wdorh fifkyi" fm%auh" wd,h
kñka fmkS isák ffu;%S is; úkdY lrk
ffu;%sfha m%;súreoaOd¾:h jk ffjrhhs' tfia;a
ke;akï fl%daOh wjqiaik reÿ is;ls' kuq;a i;=re

17
f,iska meñKsh;a f,djla ;kkafka o@ is;la
;kkafka o fï fm%auhu fõ' wdorhu fõ' iir ne|
;eîfï .=Kdx. we;slrkafka o fï wdorhhs
fm%auhhs u fjhs' fm%aufhka f;drù f,djla mej;sh
fkdyel' ñksia m%cdjla mej;sh fkdyel' tfy;a ud
i|yka lrkafka ffu;%sfha iudk w¾:h fm%auhj;a"
wdorhj;a" wd,hj;a fkdjk njh' ffu;%sh jkdys
ksrdñi iemh msKsi fya;=jkakls' ffu;%sh ;=<ska
fmdÿ úYaj O¾u;djhla m%ldY lrhs' úYajfha fmdÿ
Yla;shlg wdl¾YKh fjhs' iajNdj oyfï
ks¾udKhg ffu;%sh fya;= fkdfjhs' úYajfha
iudkd¾:hg u úYajfha tAld;añl Ndjhg u
ffu;%sh bjy,a fjhs' wdorh úiska fm%auh úiska
iajNdj oyula ks¾udKh lrhs' hula we;sjkafka
tA we;sjk O¾uh mj;skafka o ta mj;sk foa
ke;sjkafkau h' tneúka fï ;%s,CIKhg yiqjk
foa wks;Huh' ÿl msKsi fya;= jkafkau h' tneúka
kej; o ud Tng lshñ' fm%auh kñka" wdorh kñka
fjiaj,df.k meñfKkafka ffu;%sh fkdfõ'
ksrdñi ffu;%sh ;=< we;sjkakg fya;= ldrKd
fkdjkafka h' th ksjk msKsi fya;=jk mqoa.,
isf;a we;sjk iqN idOl O¾u;djhls' iir mqrd
;uka úiska fl%daOfhka" ffjrfhka uqim;a fjñka
fudayfha .sksoe,a is; ;=< wjq¿jd .;af;a kï
iißka ñ§ug tA .skak ksjd.ekSug wdorfha l=¿Kq
.=Kfhka yelsfjhso@ ;djld,slj wdorfhka"
wd,fhka is; ;=< meijk .skakla hgm;a l<;a" w¿
hg we;s jk .sks mq<sÕ= fuka Èkl kej; u;= ù
;snqKg;a jvd uyd .skakla wjq¿jd ,kafkau h' tA
jdf.au ñ;=re f,iska meñKqkq wdorfha wd,fha
i;=rd iir mqrd fldhs;rï kï m%udKhl rd.fha
18
.sksoe,a f,daNfha" oafõYfha rYañh msglrkakg
weoao@ fï ish,a, ksjd.kakg kï''' ffu;%sh hehs
is;d kej;;a wdorhhs fm%auhhs mg,jd .;fyd;a
Tn" ksjk flfia fj;;a i;r wmdh kï
olskjduh'

««««

19
 ffu;%sfha wdkqNdjh yd
n,h

ffu;%sh ;uka ;=< yd ;u wjldYh ;=<

m;=rkakg ;rï l=¿Kq .=Khla hful= ;=< we;akï
Tyq úYajh ch.%yKh lrkakg hk .uka u.
t;rï mSvdfjda fkdfj;a' —ksjghd ÿgq ;ek t¿jka
kslg mdkakd fia˜ fu;a lreKd .=Kh ;=<
WfmaCIdj orK whl= f,daNfha" oafõYfha" fudayfha
.skafkka fmf<k wfhl=g wiqjqj fyd;a l=ula
isÿfjhso@ hkak is;d n,kak' ffu;%sh jkdys is;
;=< we;sjk uyd lreKd .=Khls' th ;ukaf.a
yeisÍï rgdfjka Tmamq lr fmkajkakg .shfyd;a tA
;=< uq,ska i|yka l< wdorh" wd,h" fm%auh
tkjduh' tneúka fndai;ajrhl= ;=<" wd¾H
mqoa.,hl= ;=<" n%yau p¾hdfjys fhfok W;=ful=
;=< we;s ffu;%sh Tjqkaf.a yeisÍï rgdj ;=<
fkdfiúh hq;=h' Tjqka <Õ we;s i;H l%shd n,h"
wêIaGdk n,h ;=< leájk úYajuh n,hla neúka
mqyqÿka ñksiqka iu. yeisfrk tjeks W;=uka ;u
ffu;%S .=Kh mdrñ;d .=Khla lr.kS' th n,hla
lr.kS' rd l, f.ä .Kka fmdjd nqÿka jykafia
lrd fufyh jQ kd,d.sß kï ;sßika i;d ;uka
jykafiaj hgf.k .sh;a —ffu;%S lrñ˜ lshd
kslrefka isáfha ke;' ffu;%sfha wdkqNdjh ;=<ska
yslaujd .kakg lghq;= l< fial'
nqÿka jykafia nqoaO;ajfhka miq ;ukaf.a
Wmka .ug .sh miq rdyq, l=ure ;u iqrf;a t,a,S
mejiQ mqqxÑ jok n,kak' —iajdókS" ug Tnf.a

20
fijke,a,;a yß iem''''hs' i''kS'''m'''hs˜ tA nqÿka
jykafia ;u rdyq, mq;=g oelajQ ffu;%sfha
wdkqNdjhhs'
wx.=,sud, ;ud miqmi ÿr toa§ tA ffu;%shu
wx.=,sud,g fhduqfjoa§ wx.=,sud, tA n,fhka u
oukh jQ yeá''''
nqÿ jQ nqÿrcdKka jykafia máÉp iuqmamdoh
wdj¾ckh lrñka ;uka jykafiaf.a yoj; ;=<
we;slr .;a m%fndaOh ;=<ska ijKla nqÿ/ia úysÿkq
n,fhka wE; isák lugyka ,dNSka fufyhùu
i|yd wdl¾Yk Yla;Ska ,ndfoñka ry;a u.
,ndÿka whqre'''
wfka m s ~ q is g q ; = u df.a u. wyq r d.;a
ñ:HdoDIaál n,h ;=< nqÿka jykafia isák u.
fidhd.kakg neßjk úg Wkajykafia wdf,dalhla
ujd mdr fmkakd ÿka wdldrh '''
fujeks uyd WodyrK .Kkdjla nqoaO
idys;Hfha mj;S' ta ;=< Tn ;j;a fï ffu;%sh hkak
f;areï .ekSug wjYH WodyrK is;d n,kak'

« ffu;%sh mqreÿ mqyqKq lrkakd yeuúgu

iqjfia Ôj;afjhs' iqjfia kskaog hhs' ksÈ
wef|ys oÕ,ñka kskaog w;fkdjkhs' kskao Tyq
lrd blaukska we§ ths'
« ffu;%S is;sú,s msß mqoa.,hd kskafoka
msìfokafka b;d ieye,a¨fjks' uyd nrla ysi u;
fuka fkdke.sà' t<sfjk ;=re oÕ,ñka we¢j;
weUÍ we| frÈ weUÍ ke;' Tyq iskduqiq uqyqKska
is;kafka —uu wo bmÿkd˜ jeks w¨;a f,dalhla
ÿgq mßoafoks'

21
« ksok w;r ksÈ wef|a isg oi wf;a l,amkd
lrñka isákjdg jvd ffu;%S is;sú,s ;=<ska is;
fmdaIKh l< fyd;a kmqre isysk ke;s iqjnr
kskaola ks;e;skau ysñfjhs' we;eïúg isysk
fkdolshs' ÿgqj;a fi!uH isysku fjhs'
« ffu;%sh jvkakd ñksiqka w;r m%shckl
fjhs' wka whg ;udj ysff;IS mqoa.,fhl= f,i
oekS m%shYS,S fjhs' fmr<d ;udg fifkyiska
<xfjhs'
« ffu;% s h jvñka ;uka f .a wOHd;a u h
fmdaIKh lrkafka kï" wukqIHhka ^foúhka"
N+;hka we;=¿j& ;ukag ysff;ISj yeisfr;s' tfia
fyhska oek.kak' wukqIH Wmøjj,ska mSvd
ú¢kafka kï" Tn <Õ ke;af;a ffu;%sh fkdfõo@
« ffu;%sh jkdys úYajuh n,hla neúka jkhl
i;ajfhda mjd <x fkdfj;s' l¾uhla úmdl §ul§
yer wka whf.a mSvdfjka mSvd fkdfj;s' ji úIj,
we;s n,h mjd ;u lh ;=<§ ksfødam.; fjhs'
« ffu;%S is;sú,a,l we;s n,h ;=<ska wka whg
hym; wdl¾Ykhla fia me;srúh yelsh' wirK jQ
frda.Skag hym; Wodlr,sh yelsh'
« woDIHudk foú foaj;dfjda ;ukaf.a ndOl
bj;alrñka /l.ks;s'
« ffu;%S iy.;j isákakd wka whg m%shcklh'
is;a wefok iskyjla" meyem;a jQ uqyqKla" iunr jQ
YÍrhla" wdl¾YKSh lgy~la" ;uka lshk foa wka
whg jegySu;a" wka wh úYajdifhka wkq.ukh
lsÍu;a we;sfõ'
« ffu;%sh jevQ mqoa.,hd lsisúg fõokdfjka
ñh fkdhhs' ikaiqka urKhla ysñfõ' tfyhska Tyq
22
bmfokafka iq.;shlh' ñh hk úg ;uka OHdk
;,hl isáfha kï urKska u;= rEmdjpr m<uq
OHdkhg ysñ n%yau;,hl Tyq WmÈkafkah'

««««

23
 wo ksjka olskakg fndre
mqridrï fodvk we;af;da <Õ
ffu;%sh we;ao@
—wfka fndai;a;=uKs" ug fï Njfha u ksjka
olskakg we;akï'''' uf.a fï f,v ál iqj
jqkdkï''' nK Ndjkdjla lrf.k fï oyÿlska
ñfokak'''˜
tA Wmdil Wmdisldfjda fodvk mqridruhs'
yÈisfha mkai,g" wimqjg .uka lrk isf;a
iudêhla ;shd tl bßhõjlska úkdä 10la j;a
ys|f.k wruqKl is; msysgqjd .kakgj;a fkdyels
;rfï lä l=,mamqjl meg,S isákakka flfia kï
ffu;%sfha wdkqNdjh ,nkako@ nqoaO Yla;shl
úYajuh n,h flfia kï wjê lrñka ;u Ôú;fha
Yla;shla lr.kafka o@ mdo foflys oeä
;=jd,hlska mSvd ú¢ —iqm%shdg˜ Èkla nqÿka jykafia
w;ru.§ uqK.eiSfï § we;s jQ uyd f.!rjh uqiq jQ
Nla;sh uqiq jQ Y%oaOdj uqiq jQ ffu;%S is; ;=<g nqÿka
jykafiaf.a ffu;%sfh ys n,h ksrdhdifhka
weo.kakd ,§' tflfkys u iqm%shdf.a ;=jd,h iqj ù
weh l¾u fodaIfhka o ñ§ we;' tA ffu;%sfha
n,fhks' tfy;a wo ffu;%sh hkak jvkafka
fldhs;rï kï jerÈ l%ufõohla f,io@ ixjr
YS,fhka yslaó ksiairkoaHdifhka u ry;a fndaêh
m%d¾:kd lrñka lidj; orK NsCIQka jykafia,dg
wm by;ska i|yka l< ffu;%sh ;snqKd kï''' wo o
OHdk,dNS" ud¾.M, ,dNS kshu iÕ mrmqrla wmg
ysñjkjdu hs' tA ish,af,daf.a u l¾uhhs'

24
 m,a fydreka" Tnf.a w;a md brk lsh;lska
lmd fldgd oeuqfjd;a Tn ;=< ffjrhla cks; fõ
ka Tn uf.a iiqfka kshu NsCIqjla fkdfõ' tA nqÿka
jykafia ;u iiqfka meúÈjk whf.ka b,aÆ
ffu;%sfha m%udKhhs' is;kak" tA ffu;%sh we;s
lSmfofkl= j;a fidhd.kakg yelsoehs lshd''''
f;; fmd<j lefmk úg mfia isák mKqjka
mjd lemS flà hd yels neúka fmd<j lekSfï §
mjd wdrCId ùu NsCIQkaf.ka wfmaCId lrk
ffu;%sfha wx.hls' tjka wdldrhl nrm;,
bjiSfï" fu,a,ùfï is;la we;slr.ekSu ÿIalr
jqj;a tfia we;slr .ekSug fkdyels kï''' ksjk
,nd.ekSu" msxis; wjê lr.ekSu ;j;a ÿIalr
lghq;a;ls' —hqoìug jka yia;sfhl= ÿkq yS;, myr
ldf.k bÈßhg wefokakd mßoafoka ud o wYS,dpdr
iudch yuq f õ ks k a o d wmydi bjiñka
wefokafkñ'˜ tA nqÿka jykafiaf.a jpkhhs' ish¨
fndai;ajre o tA jpkh u wkq.ukh lrhs' ry;a u.
m;k ish,a,ka o wkq.ukh l< hq;af;a o thhs'
fu;a is;a we;s W;=ï msßila uq¿ f,dju isáhd
kï" fld;rï iqkaor o@ uq¿ f,dj ;=< tjeks
Wodr;r .=Khka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkjdg jvd wm
wm ;=< u ta Wodr;r .=Kh leálr.; fyd;a
fld;rï wf.a o@ wm W;aidy l< hq;af;a o thhs'

««««

25
 fu;a jvkafka fldfyduo@
nqÿka jykafia i|yka l< mßÈ —fjr lrk
okka <Õ wms ffjr fkdlr jiuq'˜
uq,ska u fu;a jeäh hq;af;a ;ukagu h' kuq;a
kQ;k fn!oaOhd w.dOhg jeà we;af;a o t;ek h'
wiqN Ndjkdj jrojd jgyd .ksñka ;u lh
ms<sl=,g fya;=jk wiQÑ uqÜáhla f,i yxjvq
.iñka lfhys uQ,sl yrh wu;l lrñka wefiys
isg kshfmd;a; olajd ;udf.ka fndrejg wE;a
lrñka lhg wmydi lrkakg mqreÿ mqyqKq ù we;'
mqreÿ mqyqKq lrkq we;' Ndjkdj lShla fyda
Wmhd.kakd udj;la fldg .ksñka ;uka o Ndjkd
fkdlrñka wkqkakg o lrkakg W.kajk
W;a;ufhda wo iq,N h' ffu;%sh jeäh hq;af;a
;ukaf.a isg uq¿ uy;a úYajhg me;sÍ hk f,iuh'
;uka wu;l lr oï jvk ffu;%sh we;slrkafka
ld <Õo@ hkak .ekj;a wjfndaOhla ke;akï
tjeks whl= jvkafka ffu;%sh fkdfõ' —wka wh
iqjm;a fõjd˜ hk m%d¾:kd lsÍu muKls'
ffu;%sh mqrkakg kï ;u is; ;=<
iekis,sodhl is;sú,s we;slrñka ukfiys idOkSh
msú;=re njla we;sl< hq;=h' lKiai,a," ÿl" ;ry"
fl%daO is;sú,sj,ska wE;a ù isf;ys i;=g fidïki
,efnk foa yd tfia l,a heùug ndOd jk foa
Ôú;fhka wE;a l< hq;=h' is; ffu;%sfhka
wdjrKh lrk úg lsisÿ úgl mdmS is;sú,s is; ;=<g
fkdmeñfKa' tneúka yQ,a,ñka f.jk Ôú;fhka
wE;a ù ikaiqkaj úiSfï uQ¾;shla n÷ m%NdIajr
Ndjhla is; ;=< cks; fjhs' ffu;%sh is; ;=<

26
jefvkakg jefvkakg wkHhkaf.ka meñfKk
mSvdldÍ foa ;=<g Tfrd;a;= §ug;a is; ;=< kef.k
fldamh" mSvdldÍ yeÕSï hgm;a ù is; ikaiqkaj
;nd.ekSug;a yelshdj we;sfjhs'
tneúka is;kak'''''
« ;uka ffjrfhka f;drj" lKiai,af,ka
f;drj isák úg wka whg fu;a jeäh yelsh'
« ;ukag fu;a is;la ke;akï wka whg fu;a
is;la me;sßh fkdyel'
« ;uka ;uka ;=< we;s ffu;%sfhka iqjm;a
fkdjkafka kï ;uka <Õ we;s hehs is;k
ffu;%shlska ;jfll=g M,hla ,ndÈh
fkdyel'
« wkqka m%S;su;a lsÍug fmr ;uka m%S;su;a úh
hq;=h' m%S;su;a j úish hq;=h'
« .skaklska .skakla ksúh fkdyel' tneúka
ffjrh ixis£ug kï wffjrh u ;sìh hq;=h'
tneúka fu;a is; we;slr .ksñka iir ÿla
.sks ksùfï u. wjê lr.kq ßis ñksiqks '''''
fudayfha .sksoe,aj,ska l=ula fyda wjq¿jd yßñka
isis,g WKqiqu m;kjd fjkqjg uyd .skakla isis,a
l< yels fu;a;dj is; ;=< ksjerÈj mqreÿ lruq' tA
i|yd cd;s l=< wd.ï ia;%S mqreI fNaohkaf.ka ÿre ù
ukqi;d" ;sßikd hk fNaohlska f;drj fmfkk"
fkdfmfkk fNaohlska f;drj ish¨ i;aj
m%cdjgu ffu;%S lruq' ffu;%S jvuq' tA i|yd ;uka
;ukagu ffu;%S lsÍfï ksjerÈ l,dj m%.=K lruq'

««««

27
idOq p¾hdfjys
fojekak jQ
lreKdjhs fï'''

28
 lreKdj
iDcq i;=rd ysxidj fjñka wkshï i;=rd
fodïki fjñka is; ;=< l%shd;aul Ndjfhka bj;a
ù we;s fu;a;dfõ .=Kfhka miq ñksia is; ;=<
jemsßh hq;= fyd|u îch lreKdjhs' i;amqreI
ñksid wka whf.a ÿl fõokdj ;=< ;u yojf;ys
we;slr.kakd jQ lïmkh lreKdjhs' thg fya;=j
wka wh ÿlg m;a ù we;s ksid tu ÿlska .,jd .;
hq;=h hk yeÕSfuka is; ;=< fudaÿjk W;a;Í;r
oyuls' lreKdj lskï fyda wdldrhl ÿlska
fmf<k i;ajhd tu ÿlska uqojd .ekSfï W;=ï
ld¾hh m%;sIaGdmkh jk neúka l=ßre nj fukau
ysxidj ÿr,ñka wúysxidj m%uqÈ; ùu isÿfõ'
lreKdj jkdys mdrñ;d mQ¾K lrk W;=uka <Õ
ksrdhdifhka msysgk yeu flfkl=u h:d¾:fhka
wjfndaO lr.ksñka ;uka <Õ wjê lr.; hq;=
.=Kdx.hls' ldreKsl is;sú,sj,ska fmdfydi;a
flfkl= wkqka fjkqfjka Ôú;h jqj mQcd lrñka
fjfyfihs' ;uka <Õ we;s fid÷re ksjyk wka
flfkl=g § ;uka .,la u;" rella uq, oji
f.jkakg ;rï uDÿ fjhs' u. udkjl cd;lfha §
wm uyd fndai;=ka isÿl< l%shdj yefudau okS' jHd>%S
cd;lh o Bg lÈu WodyrKhls'
kshu ldreKsl mqoa.,hd yeuúgu Ôj;a
jkafka wkqka fjkqfjks' fya ;uka o ;ukaf.a
fkdjk nj olsñka —uu˜ hkafkys fuday" f,daN"
oafõYd;aul lvbu miqlrkakg ;rï h:d¾:h
olskafkls' tfukau" jia;= ldufhka" flf,ia
ldufhka bj;a jQ lduÉPkao" jHdmdo" ÒkñoaO"
WoaOÉP" úÑlsÉPd hk kSjrKhkaf.ka o
bj;afjñka is; ;=< yeuúgu fmdÿ ieye,a¨ is;sú,s

29
oyrdjla ;=< mrd¾:h olsñka isák mqoa.,fhls' fï
mrd¾: p¾hdj we;s ù u i|yd mq o a . ,hd
fufyhjkafka lreKdjhs' Èkla l=vd orejl= mdi,
fj; f.dia tk w;r;=r fmd,aw;= jy,g oud
jeiafika wdrCIdùug W;aidy lrk ujla yd
orejl= isàh' ;uka o jeiaig uqjdùug tu me,am;g
f.dvjqK;a" me,amf;a isák wh fkdf;ó bkakg
orK uykaish ÿgq tA orejd jeiafia f;ñ f;ó f.or
Èõfõh' l,amkdfõ ksu.ak jQ orejd f.or ;snQ
mrK jdykh jid ;snQ ljrh Tijd.kakg neß
;ek weof.k Èõfõh' Èjf.dia f.or wi, ;nd
kekafoa fï froao lÈuhs jy, jid.kak''' hkqfjka
th § msïfï Èõfõh' orejdf.a ksjeishka fï
orejdf.ka úuioa§ orejd ÿka ms<s;=r ;=< ;snqfKa tA
uyd lreKdju h' —wehs wdÉÑfha'''' Thf.d,a,kag
f;afrkafk keoao@ mrK jdyfkag fyïìßiaidj
yefokjo@ wr f.or mqxÑ u,a,s —WK˜;a yeÈ,
jeiaig f;fukj''' Thd,f. weia fmkqfk keoao@˜
ldyg;a iskyjla my< úh' tA orejdf.a mrud¾:h o
id¾:l úh'
wúysxidjdofhka ;u is; m%uqÈ; jk úg
lreKdj we;sjkakg kï uq,ska idlÉPd l<
ffjrfhka wE;a jQ fu;a is;la ;sìh hq;=h' fu;a is;
keu;s fl; ;=< jemsßh yels fyd|u îch
lreKdjhs'
hï whl= iudêhg m;afkdjkafka fl%daO
ffjr is;a we;súghs' ÿla fodïkia we;súghs'
lreKdfõ fmdÿ i;=rd ysxidj jk nj ud Tng
i|yka lf<ñ' wmg fkdoekS wm is; ;=<
lreKdjg iudk w¾:fhka fmkS isáñka wmdh
olajd wm fufyhjk ;j i;=rl= isà' ta fodïkihs'
30
flfkl= .ek ÿlla .kakg fyda fõokdjla .kakg
wm mqreÿ ù isáhd kï wm fj; th fõokdjla ùu
fkdje<elaúh yelsh' lreKdj wm is; ;=< we;sjk
uqjdfjka fõokdnß; yeÕSï nr fodïki;a is;g
tkafka kï th lreKdj fkdjk nj o ;rfha is;g
.;hq;a;ls' ;ukaf.a uj fyda mshd ñh.sh miq y~d
je<fmk orefjl=f.a <Õ we;af;a lreKdj
fkdfõ' kuq ; a fifkfynr foudms h ka f .a
úfhdajlska ord.ekSug is;a we;slr .;yelafla
ldgo@ túg ud lshñ'''' lreKdfjka is; mqrjd .;a
;eke;a;d tfia ord.kS' iir mqrd wm ujlg
msfhl=g odj isà' oeka Ôú;fha uj fjkqfjka mshd
fjkqfjka yeÕSïnr jqj;a iif¾ § ;u ujg mshdg
;uka l< fkdfydìkdlï fldf;la weoao@ fï
Ôú;fha ;ukaf.a ujg flfia f,ka.;= jqk;a tA
fodïki iir mdmhla wjqiaihs kï''' th j<ld
.ekSug yelshdj we;af;a fodïki ;=< fkdfõ'
kshu lreKdj ;=< muKs'

««««

31
 lreKdj wjYH ldgo @
hfula .s,kqkag Wmia:dk lrhso@ fya ug
Wmia:dk l<d yd iudkh - nqÿka jykafia-
uyd ÿlaL .x.djla ;=< fyda urKh ;=<
isysle|ùï lrkafka frda.Skah' lreKdj m<uqj
wejeis jkafka frda.Skagh' tA frda.S wjia:dfõ § is;
;=< kef.k fodaukiaihka we;eïúg hym;a
l=i,hla we;s mqKHjka;hl= mjd wmd fodr fj;
f.k hhs' lreKdj ;uka ;=< we;akï ;uka ish,a,
^ÿlaÅ; f,dal h:d¾:h& ch.kakjd fukau
wksldf.a ÿlaL fodaukiaihka o ch.kakg Wmldr
lrhs'
wx.=,sud,g uyd lreKdfjka iqjm;a ùu
i|y ^wOHd;auh frda.S ù we;s ksid& Wmldr l<
nqÿka jykafiaf.a uyd lreKd .=Kh ;=<u h:d¾:h
t<sfmfy,s lrñka úYajh ch.kakd u. o lshdÿks'
—wïnmd,s˜ kï k.r fidaNsksh h:d¾:fha
yia:h olajñka uyd lreKd .=Khg k;= lrñka
ry;a u. olajd úYajh újr lr ÿks'
yeu ÿ¾ckhl= ;=<u fY%aIaG;ajh ieÕù we;'
tA fY%aIaG;ajh hï fudfyd;l t<shg .; yelskï
th l< yelafla —lreKdj˜ tA is; ;=<g n,hla
f,i" wdrCIdjla f,i" wjHdcj ,nd§u ;=<ska
muKs'

««««

32
idOq p¾hdfjys
;=kajekak
uqÈ;djhs fï''''

33
 uqÈ;dj
iDcq i;=rd B¾IHdj fjñka idkqlïms;j
we.hqïYS,Sj is; ;=< we;sjk m%S;sh uqÈ;djhs'
idkqlïms; jkafka wkqlïmdj fkdjk neúks'
mqoa.,hl= ;j flfkl= fjkqfjka we;slrk
B¾IHdj ;ukaf.a uq¿ wOHd;auh u flf,ik
neúka th úkdYldÍ n,fõ.hls' flfkl=f.a
iem; fi!Nd.H fyda ;udg fkd,efnk fohl
wksldg ,efnk fohl is; fhdojñka B¾IHdj
fkdue;s úI n÷k ;uka úiska mdkh lrñka reêr
kd,sldjla mdid ij_dx.h úkdY lrk n,fõ.hla
;uka ;=< we;slr.kakd ñksid wmdfodr újr
lr.kafka B¾IHdj keu;s úI n÷k fjkqjg
f,da È h ye,s h la ;u ñ;= r d lr.ka k ghs '
flfkl=f.a hym; ;=<§ w.h lsÍu" i;=gqùu" iqN
me;Su fjkqjg kskaod lsÍu" wmydi lsÍu" lgl:d
me;srùu fyda úkdY lsÍu .ek is;hs' wksld ÈhqKq
jkafka o jdikdj <Õdlr .kafka o wêIaGdkh"
ù¾hh yd iir .=K iïm; u; neúka B¾IH
lrkakd ydks lr.kafka ;ukagu h' tneúka
uqÈ;dj we;sùu ;=< ;ukag hym;la ùu m<uqj
isÿfjhs' ta ;ukaf.a B¾IHdfõ n,h ;uka úkdY
lrkjd yer wksldf.a jdikd iïm;a;shg ndOdjla
fkdjk neúks' tneúka w{dk mqoa.,hd B¾IHdfõ
.skak ;=< wksld ojkakg W;aidy l<;a oefjkafka
;uka nj wjfndaO lr.; hq;=hs' thg fya;=j
jkafka uqÈ;dj ;=< wm wmj;a wm wka whg;a Èßhla
n,hla ,ndfok neúks'
´kEu úgl ;ukag ys;j;a whf.a hym;

34
;=<§ i;=gqúh yels jqj;a wiSre ld¾h jk ;udf.a
i;=rdf.a hymf;ys § o i;=gq úh yelskï w.h l<
yels kï th uqÈ;dj ;=< ;uka ,nk W;=ï
ch.%yKhla o fjñka ksjka u. fodr.=¿ újr
lr.ekSfï m%{dj fudÿùug uy;a w;ajeis,a,ls'
i;=rkag l%shd;aul iajNdjfhka mSvdjla ,nd§ug
fkdyels ;ek foia fofjd,a ;nd fyda ;udf.a
B¾IHdj ms g lrk mq o a . ,hd is ÿ lrka f ka
jHdmdofhka bj;afjñka ;ukag OHdk is;a we;slr
.ksñka iir ksjd.ekSug we;s u. wyqrd .ekSugh'
neÆ ne,a u g u;= m s á ka fkdfmkq k ;a
flfkl=g ydiH f,i iskyùu" Wiq¿ úiq¿ lsÍu
,lalrkafka o tA B¾IHd iy.; is;sú,a,l neúka
uqÈ;dfjka wE;ajk ldrKdjl Tn meg,S we;s nj
wjfndaO lr.; hq;=h' —uu fï Tng wdof¾ yskaohs
fï .ek lshkafk˜ hehs lshñka wi,ajeishdf.a
mjqf,a flfkl= .ek fla,ï lSug ;rï Tn my;a
;;ajhg m;ajQ fya;=j;a bka wjxlj u Tn
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk foa .ek is;d n,kak' ;ukag
lsisÿ mSvdjla fkdl< ;uka yßhgu fkdokakd
flfkl= iïnkaOj ljqreka fyda lS fohla by~
;shk ueiafil= mßoafoka ;j;a lklg is;lg
f.khkakg ;rï Tn my;a kskaÈ; ;;a;ajhg m;aù
we;aoehs is;kak'
tneúka ksjk wyqrd,k isf;ys OHdk m%S;sh
ke;slrk hï oyula fõ o th B¾IHdj nj;a ksjk
lrd lekaok isf;ys OHdk m%S;sh we;slrk hï
oyula fõ o th uqÈ;dj nj;a wjfndaO lr.ksñka
uqÈ;dj is; ;=< jeäh hq;=uh'

35
 tA i|yd
ñ;=rdf.a fukau i;=rdf.a hym; w.h
lrkakg th oel i;=gq jkakg ;rï fudf,dla
is;la we;slr .kak'

««««

36
idOq p¾hdfjys
i;rajekak
WfmaCLdjhs''''

37
 WfmaCLdj
mCImd; núka f;dr jQ wmCImd;S" wjHdc
is;ska oelSï kï jQ WfmaCIdj mqoa.,hdf.a is; ;=<
j¾Okh l< hq;= fyd|u idOq p¾hdjhs'
ÿisßf;ka msreKq mD:.ack ñksia iudch ;=<
kskaod wmydi ,efnkafka hym;a whg u nj
wu;l fkdlrkak' ljqreka fyda ld yg fyda
neKqï mSvdjka ,nd fokjdkï tA krl
fkdfydìkd flfkl=g fkdjk nj u;lhg
<xlr.kak' yeuúgu wl=i,fh ys .ef,k
mqoa.,hd wl=i,fha .ef,k ñksid yd thg wod<
l%shdldrlï háis;ska fyda w.h lrhs' tjekakka
fodia uqrh lrkafka hym;a whgu ùu fyd¢ka
úu¾Ykh lr n,kak' tjeks fldf;la ÿlaL
fodaukiaihka" kskaod wmydi meñKsh;a tA ;=<
;ukag Tfrd;a;= §fï ukila we;slr .; yels kï
Tyq m%{djka;fhls' ukao h;a wIaG f,dal O¾ufhka
lïmd fkdjkafka WfmaCIdj mqreÿ mqyqKq l< whl=
ùu ksidu h' WfmaCIdj §fï mdrñ;djkaf.ka o
tlls' OHdk m%S;sh" iqLh olajd fufyhjñka tu
OHdk iqjh o ´,dßl nj yÕsñka uOHia: is;sú,s
oyrdjla Tiafia {dkh wjê lr.kafka WfmaCIdj
jvk whl= fõ' WfmaCIdj lugykla f,i jvkakd
i;rjk rEmdjpr OHdk is;a ,nkafkah' ,dN-
w,dN" hi-whi" kskaod-m%ixid" iem-ÿl hk wIaG
f,dal O¾uhka ;=< ;e;s .ekaula fkdue;sj
isákakg Tng yelso@ fkdyels kï Tn WfmaCIdj
jeäh hq;=uh' f,dj ish¨ ñksiqka lïmkhg
m;ajkafka o ìh ;=< ;DIaKdj j¾Okh lr.ksñka

38
Nj ixidrh ;=< bmÈ bm§ ueÍ hkafka o fï
wjfndaOh fkdue;s ùu ;=<skau h'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia ;rï ck;dj w;r
iïudkkSh;ajhg m;a jQ Ydia;Djrfhl= ke;sjd
fiau wmydihg" úfõpkhg ,la jQ Ydia;Djrfhl=o
ke;' ms~qisÕd jäk nqÿka jykafiag —ji,hd˜
hkqfjka wu;k úg;a WfmaCIdfjka th is; ;=<
ord.;a nqÿka jykafia ji,hl= jkakg fya;=j myod
§ tu nuqKd nqÿka jykafiaf.a oyu f;areï .kakd
;rug uki o wjê lrñka jev iE¥ fial'
orñá nv ne¢ ldka;djka ,jd wmydi
lrjQjdh' reje;s <÷ka urd mru,a f.dvj,
ieÕjQjdh' îu;a fld,a,ka ,jd f;da fydrd"
;lalähd wdÈ f,iska wjkïnq l<dh' nqÿka
jykafia f,djg u ÿka wdo¾Y mdGh fukak'''
—Tng wmydi lrk úg m%;sjpk fkdfokak'
tjeks wjia:dj,§ Tn ì÷Kq >dKaGdrhla f,iska
ksy~j isákak' Tn tfia lrkafka kï ks¾jdKh
idCIHd;a fkdl<;a ksjka ,oaod jeks hehs uu
mjiñ˜ hs nqÿka jykafia foaYkd l< fial'
WfmaCIdfõ fmdÿ y;=rd rd.hhs' tys o wkshï
i;=frl= isà' th fudav WodiSk;ajhhs' WfmaCIdj
jeãu ;=< wúoHdj yd jHdmdoh o ;=kS ù hhs' m%sh
wm%sh ish¨ fokdg;a ish¨ foag;a tl fia is;a
uOHia: lr.kakd Tyq idOqjrhdg;a" oreKq
wmrdOlreg;a hk fofokdg u uOHia: is;sú,s
cks; lr.kS'
tA wkqj"
ffu;%sh - ish¨ i;=ka fj; fufyhjhs'
lreKdj - ÿla ú¢kakka fj; fufyhjhs'
uqÈ;dj - hym; ;=< .ef,k wh fjkqfjka
39
fufyhjhs'
WfmaCIdj - fyd| -krl" wdor-wkdor"
m%ikak-wm%ikak wh fjkqfjka fufyhjhs'
fï ish,a, ;=< isÿjkafka" tkï idOq p¾hdj
kï jQ n%yau p¾hdj ;=< isÿjkafka jia;= ldufhka
fjka jQ" laf,aY ldufhka fjka jQ wruqKl msysg jQ
is;la wruqK ;=< oeyeka.; fjñka lduÉPkao"
jHdmdo" ÒkñoaO" WoaoÉP l=lal=ÉP" úÑlsÉPd
wdÈfhka bj;a jQ m%S;s iqL we;s WfmaCId iauD;sfhka
f.dvk.d .kakd m%:u" fojk" ;=kajk" i;rjeks
OHdkdx. Tiafia {dkh Èkd.ekSuhs' tA {dkh ;=<
m%{dj;a m%{dj ;=< úÿ wei;a" úÿ wei ;=<ska úYajuh
wdf,dalh;a tu wdf,dalh ;=<ska wú÷ w÷r
ch.ksñka ksjk lrd is; fufyhúh yelsuh'
tneúka tu {dkh wjêlr .ekSug Tn úiska idOq
p¾hdj kï jQ isõ nU úyrK mqreÿ mqyqKq l< hq;=h
nj;a"
fuf;la is;d isá wkqlïmdj" lKiai,ak
fkd;ld yeÍu yd ksy~j isàu hk ldrKd i;r
fu;a;d" lreKd" uqÈ;d" WfmaCId fkdjk nj
wjfndaO lr.; hq;=u h'
oeka Tn '''''
« Yíohl i,s; ù ÿjk ydjl= fkdù tä;rj
ysi Tijd n,k isxyhl= fuka o
« rKìu B myr ld f.k bÈßhg wefok yia;s
rdchl= fuka o
« ;djld,sl i;=gla yd msïfï ÿjk f,dalfha
ul=¿ oe,lska iq<x ne¢h fkdyels f,i
olsñka o
ufvys we;sù ufvys jeã Èh fonE lrf.k

40
Èfhka u;=msgg ú;a msfmk fk¿ï u,la mßoafoka
ixiqkaj" iqj| úysÿjñka úish hq;=uh'
th ksjkg u.la f,i ud Tng mjikafka
yuq jQ nqÿmdfudla uyiqjh ú¢ msxis;a wjê lr.;a
ksiduh' W;=ï u;= Y%S iïnqoaO;ajh iu.ska W;=ï
Y%djl fndaê msßi fidhd hk .uka u. ;=< tA Y%S
ioyï uKavmh Tng;a ú¢kakg msx we;s nj ud
oksñ'
tneúka''''
iqmsxj;a Tn'''' m%{dfõ wdf,dalfhka jeÈ nK
lshk y~g /jà fyda rEm fmÜáfha fyda l;d
fmÜáfha ks;r ÿgq uqyqKla fj; /jà fyda .fï"
rfÜ lug /jà fyda jerÈ u.l fkdhkak' Y%S
ioaO¾uh wiSrefjka m%{djka;hska fjkqfjka u
úlis; W;=ï ioaO¾u mqIamhla u nj ud Tng lshñ'
nK weiQ muKska o" oka mska l< muKska o
ksjk fkdolsk nj;a idÿ p¾hdfjys yeisfrñka
is; oukh lrñka iu: úo¾Ykd jvkakd ksjk
olsk nj;a"
oyu okakd flkd mialï iem;g f,d,a
fkdjk nj;a" m%isoaêhg" uqo,g" f,dl=lug .scq
fkdjk nj;a"
W;=ul= kï flfkl=g w.re wmydi lrñka
oyu nvf.daia;rh fjkqfjka úl=Kdf.k fkdlk
nj;a"
nqoaO;ajh ,nkafka mdró mqrk fndai;ajre
;u Y%djl msßi iu. mdró mQ¾K lrñka nj;a"
ry;a jkafka tu Y%djl fndaêh i|yd mdró
msrE úo¾Ykd jvñka —nUir˜ ys yeisfrk fndai;a
u. .sh" hfkkd W;=uka nj;a isysfha ;nd.kak'
ieug iïud iïnqÿ irKhs'
41
 —wjÈjkak ÿl ksjkak˜ i|yï mqia;lh
III jk uqøKhg iyNd.sjk msxj;=ka

1' y¾Il puqm;s iqNisxy

fldâfcka bkag¾keIk,a re' 25000$}
2' î' t,a' isßj¾Ok uhd
fk¿j' re' 20000$}
3' ã' î' lkafol=Uqr uhd
.=kakEj re' 10000$}
4' ã' wd¾' uoaÿu nKavd uhd
háhk" w.,j;a;' re' 10000$}
5' wd¾' mS' ;s,lrkak uhd
kqf.af.dv' re' 10000$}
6' È,añKs mqIaml=udß ñh
u;=.u' re' 10000$}
7' nqoaêl k,ska m%kdkaÿ uhd
n;a;ruq,a,' re' 10000$}
8' ldka;s fyaul=udß ñh
l=,fialr fmf¾rd uhd
fydrK' re' 10000$}
9' pïmsl isßj¾Ok uhd
fldïm[a[ùÈh' re' 10000$}
10' bka§jÍ .=K;s,l fu'ú'
f.dakmSkqj,' re' 10000$}
11' rejks f¾Kqud,d ñh
ìydks WmdOHd fu'ú' re' 5000$}
12' tï' fmdäfkdakd ñh'
l,jdk' re' 5000$}
13' ví' rEnisxy we;=¿ mjqf,a ieu
bu¥j' re' 5000$}
14' tka' tï' î' kdj,f.a uhd
l,jdk re' 5000$}
15' pJør;ak fmreïnvf.a uhd
ìì,' re' 5000$}

42
16' iqñ;a wurisß uhd
nÿ,a,' re' 5000$}
17' ;=Idß f,dl=iQßh ñh
mdkÿr' re' 5000$}
18' ã' tia' fm%auisß uhd
b;a;Emdk' re' 5000$}
19' whsrdx.kS lkakka.r ñh
f,pÉpkao¥j' re' 5000$}
20' fÊ' tA' iqkS;d pJød ñh
fn,a,k' re' 3000$}
21' wd¾' tA' §mdks Y%shd,;d ñh
fydaud.u' re' 3000$}
22' bkaødks ldßhjiï ñh
ly¥j' re' 3000$}
23' l=udß rEmud,d ñh
mhd.,' re' 3000$}
24' ksfrdaIka ixÔj uhd
l¿;r' re' 3000$}
25' Ô' ã' ks,ka;s ñh
w.,j;a;' re' 3000$}
26' mS' tÉ' l=iqudj;S ñh
fmd,a.ïm,' re' 3000$}
27' chka;d noafoú;dk ñh
u;=.u' re' 3000$}
28' fÊ' Ô' Y%shd,;d ñh
l,jdk' re' 3000$}
29' mshfidau ch;s,l uhd
nKavdr.u' re' 2500$}
30' mS' tÉ' hi,;d ñh
me,E|' re' 2000$}
31' iS;d iQßhnKavdr ñh
f;,sÊcú,' re' 2000$}
32' lu,dj;S fm;kaf.dv ñh
we;al÷r' re' 1000$}
33' tÉ' fla' isis,shd ch;s,l ñh
nÿ.u' re' 1000$}
43
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iqu.
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44