BRITISH STANDARD BS 6422:1983

ISO 7546:1983

Method for

Volumetric rating of
loader and front
loading excavator
buckets used for
earth-moving
[ISO title: Earth-moving machinery — Loader and front loading
excavator buckets — Volumetric ratings]

UDC 624.132:621.879.322.017.2:629.11.071.2
BS 6422:1983

Committees responsible for this

British Standard

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Road

Engineering Standards Committee (RDB/-) to Technical Committee
RDB/21 upon which the following bodies were represented:

Associated Offices Technical Committee

Construction Industry Training Board
Construction Plant-hire Association
Department of Industry
Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors
Federation of Manufacturers of Construction Equipment and Cranes
Health and Safety Executive
Institution of Civil Engineers
Institution of Highway Engineers
Ministry of Defence
National Coal Board
Trades Union Congress

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Road Engineering
Standards Committee, was
published under the authority
of the Board of BSI and comes
into effect on Amendments issued since publication
30 November 1983

© BSI 09-1999
Amd. No. Date of issue Comments

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference RDB/21
Draft for comment 82/10073 DC

ISBN 0 580 13488 1

 BS 6422:1983

Contents

Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
National foreword ii
1 Scope and field of application 1
2 References 1
3 Restrictions and limitations 1
4 Definitions and symbols 2
5 Volumetric ratings 3
6 Expression of volumetric ratings 7
Figure 1 — Bucket 1
Figure 2 — X and Y dimensions for irregular side sheet 2
Figure 3 — Basic bucket 3
Figure 4 — Extended straight cutting edge 4
Figure 5 — Extended back sheet 5
Figure 6 — Irregular cutting edge 6
Figure 7 — Extended cutting edge and extended back sheet 7
Table 7
Publications referred to Inside back cover

© BSI 09-1999 i
BS 6422:1983

National foreword

This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the
Road Engineering Standards Committee and is identical with
ISO 7546:1983 “Earth-moving machinery — Loader and front loading excavator
buckets — Volumetric ratings” published by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO).
ISO 7456 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the UK
took an active part.
Terminology and conventions. The text of the International Standard has
been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without
deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those
used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following.
The comma has been used as a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current
practice to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker.
Wherever the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this standard,
they should be read as “British Standard”.
Cross-references. There are no corresponding British Standards for
ISO 7131 and ISO 7135, which are in course of preparation and to which
reference is made in the text. As these standards are referred to for information
only, the validity of this British Standard is not affected.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
pages 1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the
inside front cover.

ii © BSI 09-1999
 BS 6422:1983

1 Scope and field of application

1.1 This International Standard specifies a procedure for approximating the volume of typical materials
contained in the bucket of front end loaders and excavators with front loading bucket. The volume ratings
are based on the inside dimensions of the bucket and representative volumes on top of the bucket.
1.2 The method employs the technique of dividing the complex shape of the material in the bucket into
simple geometric forms to allow volume calculations of different bucket configurations.
1.3 The rating method is intended to provide a consistent means of comparing bucket capacities. It is not
intended to define actual capacities that might be observed in any specific application.

2 References
ISO 7131, Earth-moving machinery — Loaders — Terminology1).
ISO 7135, Earth-moving machinery — Excavators — Terminology1).

Figure 1 — Bucket

3 Restrictions and limitations

3.1 The effect on volumes of local discontinuities such as bucket teeth, tooth adapters, and gussets shall be
ignored.
3.2 Grated or slotted back sheets attached to the bucket to protect the machine or operator from material
that might spill over the back of the bucket shall not be included in the capacity calculations. Solid
extended back sheets providing the same function may be included in the capacity calculations only if they
are an integral part of the bucket.

1)
At present at the stage of draft.

© BSI 09-1999 1
BS 6422:1983

3.3 Only buckets with an X/Y ratio greater than 12 shall be considered by the rating method(s).
(See Figure 2.)

Figure 2 — X and Y dimensions for irregular side sheet

4 Definitions and symbols

4.1
bucket component
see Figure 1 and ISO 7131 and ISO 7135
4.2
strike plane
horizontal plane across the width of the bucket from the cutting edge to the back sheet
(See clause 5 for different bucket shapes.)
4.3
struck volume VS
volume which lies beneath the strike plane
4.4
top volume VT
volume of material, a 2 : 1 slope, which lies on top of the strike plane
4.5
rated bucket volume VR
rated bucket capacity
this capacity is calculated by adding the struck and top volumes: VR = VS + VT.

2 © BSI 09-1999
 BS 6422:1983

5 Volumetric ratings
5.1 Basic bucket
The back sheet does not extend beyond a transverse line connecting the rear corners of the side sheets and
the cutting edge does not extend beyond a transverse line connecting the front corners of the side sheets.
5.1.1 The strike plane passes through a line along the top of the back sheet at the rear and a line along the
top of the cutting edge at the front as shown in Figure 3.
5.1.2 The volumetric capacity is calculated as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3 — Basic bucket

© BSI 09-1999 3
BS 6422:1983

5.2 Extended straight cutting edge

The cutting edge is straight in the transverse direction and extends beyond a transverse line connecting
the front corners of the side sheets and the back sheet does not extend beyond a transverse line connecting
the rear corners of the side sheets.
5.2.1 The strike plane passes through a line along the cutting edge at the front and a line along the top of
the back sheet at the rear as shown in Figure 4.
5.2.2 The volumetric capacity is calculated as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4 — Extended straight cutting edge

5.3 Extended back sheet

The back sheet extends beyond a transverse line connecting the rear corners of the side sheets and the
cutting edge does not extend beyond the transverse line connecting the front corners of the side sheets.
5.3.1 The strike plane passes through the line along the top of the extended back sheet at the rear and a
line along the cutting edge at the front as shown in Figure 5.

4 © BSI 09-1999
 BS 6422:1983

5.3.2 The volumetric capacity is calculated as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5 — Extended back sheet

5.4 Irregular cutting edge
The cutting edge extends beyond a transverse line connecting the front corners of the side sheets and is not
straight in the transverse direction. The back sheet does not extend beyond the transverse line connecting
the rear corners of the side sheets.
5.4.1 The strike plane passes through an imaginary transverse line at one third the distance of the
protruding cutting edge at the front and a line along the top of the back sheet at the rear as shown in
Figure 6.

© BSI 09-1999 5
BS 6422:1983

5.4.2 The volumetric capacity is calculated as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6 — Irregular cutting edge

5.5 Extended cutting edge and extended back sheet

The cutting edge (straight or irregular) extends beyond a line joining the front corners of the side sheets
and the back sheet extends beyond a line connecting the rear corners of the side sheets.
5.5.1 The strike plane rests on the top edge of the back sheet at the rear and on the top edge of a straight
cutting edge or the h/3 point (see 5.4.1) of an irregular cutting edge at the front as shown in Figure 7.

6 © BSI 09-1999
 BS 6422:1983

5.5.2 The volumetric capacity is calculated as shown in Figure 7.

Figure 7 — Extended cutting edge and extended back sheet

6 Expression of volumetric ratings

6.1 The volumetric rating of a bucket is the summation of the struck volume plus the top volume. It shall
be expressed in cubic metres and published as the rated ISO bucket capacity as shown in the Table.
6.2 If the determined capacity, as shown in the Table, falls below a given rating interval by more than 2 %,
the next lower interval shall be the rating.
Table
Values in cubic metres

Range of rated capacity Increments

Up to and including 0,6 0,02

Over 0,6 up to 1,5 0,05
Over 1,5 up to 2,5 0,1
Over 2,5 up to 5,0 0,2
Over 5,0 up to 10,0 0,5
Over 10,0 1,0

© BSI 09-1999 7
8 blank
 BS 6422:1983

Publications referred to

See national foreword.

© BSI 09-1999
BS 6422:1983
ISO 7546:1983
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