Mendoza, Jhunlaine Kate G.

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INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
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FIRST ACTIVITY/QUIZ

PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

I. INSTRUCTION: Briefly Explain the following questions below. Students who are monitored to
have the same answer will automatically have a “0” score.
 Edit your answer/s via WORD And send it thru EMAIL (eddubaJC@gmail.com)
 DEADLINE OF SUBMISSION: OCTOBER 6,2020 TUESDAY–NOT LATER THAN
5PM.
NOTE: READ NOT JUST ONE BOOK/REFENCE. YOU MAY BE ABLE TO EXPAND MORE
YOUR ANSWER/S IF YOU FOLLOW THE FIRST SENTENCE WITH THE UNDERLINED
WORDS!
1. IN YOUR OWN WORDS, Briefly explain the phrases indicated with each of the following bullet
below: (10 pts)
 Element – “can’t be broken down”

One of the most fascinating facts of science is that all matter is composed of about 118
known elements. Elements are arranged in increasing order of atomic number in the periodic table.
This arrangement groups the elements according to their physical and chemical properties. This are
substances that can’t be broken down any further. Elements do not break down into simpler
substances because an element is made up of its own type of atom or it only contains one type of
atom. Like for example the element Oxygen is composed of 2 moles of oxygen (O2), in this element
it only has 1 type of atom so it cannot be broken down. Examples of this are the elements found in
the periodic table.

 Compound- “can be broken down”

Compounds are substances compromising atoms of two or more elements joined together,
which may be decomposed or broken down into two or more simpler substances by ordinary
chemical means, we can decompose or break down water into two simpler substances, hydrogen and
oxygen, thus water (H2O) is a compound. Another examples are: Epsom Salt (MgSO 4) whereas it is
composed of two elements which is magnesium and Sulfur(Sulfate); Carbon dioxide (CO 2)
composed of the element carbon and oxygen. This and many more chemical compounds.

2. IN YOUR OWN WORDS, Explain the statement “The thing that makes each element unique is the
number of protons”. Use not more than 500 words. (10 pts)
 An atom consist of two main parts. The positively charge central part is called nucleus. The
thing that makes each element unique is the number of protons since number of neutrons and electrons can
vary. The atomic number of an atom is the number of protons in the nucleus of that atom. An element
consists of atoms all of which have the same number of protons in their nuclei, hence, they all have the same
atomic number. The element hydrogen H+1 consist of atoms with one proton in their nuclei. Their atomic
number, therefore, is one (1). Any atom having the atomic number one (1) contains one proton in its nucleus
and is a hydrogen atom. Example of which is the nucleus of a hydrogen atom of H + ion and the helium
atom, that has two protons.

3. If there is an equal number of electrons and protons in an atom, what is its charge? Explain why?(10 pts)

Atom is defined the smallest unit of an element, thus elements is composed of different numbers of
electrons and protons, the question is, what is its charge? So, when an atom has an equal number of
electrons-negatively charge and protons which are positively charge, it will have an equal number of
negatively charge and equal number of positive electric charge, therefore the total electric charge of the
atom is zero(0) and the atom is said, to be neutral.

4. IN YOUR OWN WORDS,Briefly explain the difference between a PROTON and ELECTRON.(10 pts)

Their are three basic parts of an atom, these are protons, electron and neutrons. A proton are
positively charged particles with a mass of 1.673 × 10-24 g, which is 1836/1837 of the mass of the most
common type of hydrogen atom. A proton has one unit of positive electric charge of 1.602×10 -7. While
electrons, are negatively charged particles with a mass of 9.109×10-28. This is 1/1837 of the mass of the most
common type of hydrogen atom, the atom of lowest mass. Each atom has one unit of negative electric
charge.

5. Enumerate and Explain/Differentiate the 3 Theories of Acids & bases. (10 pts)

There are three theories of acids and bases, the Arrhenius Theory, Bronsted-Lowry Theory, and the
Lewis theory. First is the Arrhenius Theory of acids and bases. The Arrhenius Theory, defines an acid as a
compound that can dissociate in water to yield hydrogen ions H+, and a base as a compound that can
dissociate in water to yield hydroxide ions, OH-. Second is the Bronsted-Lowry Theory of acid and bases.
This is a theory where an acid is a proton (hydrogen ion) donor whereas base is a proton (hydrogen ion)
acceptor. The Bronsted-Lowry Theory, named for the Danish chemist Johannes Bronsted and the British
chemist Thomas Lowry, provides a more general definition of acids and bases that can be used to deal both
with solutions that contain no water and solutions that contain water. And lastly, the Lewis Theory of acids
and bases. This theory extends well beyond the things you normally think of as acids and bases. The Lewis
Theory, defines an acid as a compound that can accept a pair of electrons and a base as a compound that can
donate a pair of electrons.

6. By using a table format, Differentiate ACID with that of a BASE by providing a DESCRIPTION, and at
least 5 examples. (15 pts)
 ACID BASE

•is an ionic compound that releases Hydrogen H＋ •is an ionic compound that releases Hydroxide
in solution OH- in solution.
•Acidic substances have sour taste •Basic substances have bitter taste
• pH ranging from 1-6 • pH ranging from 8-12
•Acidic/Acid or Acidity •Basicity/Basic or Alkaline/Alkalinity
•low pH •Bases turn red litmus paper into blue
•Acids turn blue litmus paper into red

Example of acidic substances: Example of basic substances:

1.Sulfuric Acid ( H2SO4) 1.Barium Hydroxide

2.Carbonic Acid (H2CO3)- (soft drinks or soda) 2.Calcium Hydroxide

3.Uric Acid - (in urine) 3.Lithium Hydroxide LiOH

4.Acetic Acid- (in vinegar) 4.Laundry detergent

5.Nitric Acid (HNO3) 5.Alkaline batteries

7. Explain the Phenomena of OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTION. (10 pts)

Oxidation-reduction or Redox reaction is all chemical reactions in which their is a net change in atomic
charge. It is a class of reactions that includes, formation of a compound from its elements; all combustion
reactions; reactions that generate electricity and reactions that produce cellular energy. The key idea is the net
movement of electrons from one reactant to the other. Oxidation-Reduction reactions are comprised of two
parts, a reduced half and an oxidized half, that always occur together. The reduced half gains electrons and the
oxidation number decreases, while the oxidized half loses electrons and the oxidation number increases.

8. In a table/diagram form, Explain the difference between a MIXTURE & COMPOUND. Also, provide 5
examples each. (15 pts)
 MIXTURES
•physical combination of two or more pure
substances
•ratio of components may vary
•Impure matter
•constituents retain their properties
•3 Kinds of mixtures: solutions, suspensions, and
colloid
•does not have a fixed melting point, boiling point
•mixture ca be separated easily.
COMPOUND
•chemical combination of two or more substances
in a fixed definite proportion
•ratio of components is fixed
•pure matter
•constituents do not retain their properties as a
new substance is formed
•has a fixed melting point, boiling point..
•compounds cannot be separated

Examples of mixture: Examples of compound:

1.coffee 1.Glucose C6H12O6

2.flour and butter 2.Ammonia NH3

3.cream and sugar 3.Ethanol C2H6O

4.flour and milk 4.Octane C8H18

5.sugar and tea 5.Alcohol C2H6O

9. IN YOUR OWN WORDS, differentiate the two parts of SOLUTION. (10 pts)

Solution is a uniform mixture or homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, the composition
of which may be varied within definite limits. Two parts of solutions are the solute and solvent.Whereas, the
substance dissolved is called solute, examples of solutes include sugar,salt,oxygen. And the dissolving
medium is called the solvent, example of solvents are water,ethanol,toluene,chloroform and milk.

10. As a pharmacist in the future, Is it importance for us to study Inorganic Chemistry.BONUS

QUESTION-(10 pts)

Way back in my high school days, I entered the strand ABM, wanting to take BS Entrepreneurship
or Business Management when I go to college. But as time goes by after senior high school, thinking over
and over what course I really wanted to take, I came to realize that I wanted to pursue med course which is
BS in Pharmacy. Inspired by known people who took BS Pharmacy and passed the board examination. So
that time, we went to the Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines. I had no idea that time what BS
Pharmacy was all about. Out of curiosity, I enrolled to Pharmacy course. During my first week and second
week, It was really tough, I had to adjust big time, adapt and it really was a new environment to me as I was
not used to be away from my family, it was hard for me. To cut the long story short I wasn’t able to finish it.
Ended up to study at MCNP only half semester of the school year. But that short time of stay in MCNP was
a great experience indeed.
This academic year 2020-2021, I enrolled BS in Pharmacy at ISAP-Kalinga. After all the
realizations,time I had for myself to think, motivations and the guidance. I am ready to pursue and continue
to take this course.
Compared to others, I know that pharmacy is a difficult course in general but one of the profession
with highest number of career opportunities. Pharmacy is not complete without having to learn the broad
field of sciences especially inorganic chemistry, which is imperative. We are going to study a lot,
familiarize lessons, read a lot of books, and memorize scientific names, the periodic table and memorize
lots of formula. It is important to study inorganic chemistry because it tackles about organometallic,
biochemistry, dosage forms and also challenging laboratory activities and experiments. This science subject
are prerequisite to understanding the concepts of advance pharmacy subjects in the higher years.
As an aspiring pharmacist, I have this thought in my mind like, what if I fail to study one major
subject, what will happen to my patients? As to pharmacy we are dealing with peoples or our patients health
and life. That’s why every lessons and subjects should be taken seriously because this are important even
before and after studying this course because we still carry it when the time comes, when we are about to
practice our profession
As they say you can’t practice your profession without having to learn the major subjects or without
your license.

II. INSTRUCTION: LOCATE THE FOLLOWING WITH THEIR RESPECTIVE CATEGORY:

1. DIFFERENTIATING INORGANIC SUBSTANCES WITH THAT OF ORGANIC

SUBSTANCES. BELOW ARE THE CHOICES AND YOU MUST LOCATE THEM
ONCE / CATEGORY.

-DNA - SULPHURIC ACID

-TABLE SALT - AMMONIUM BISULPHITE SOLUTION
-DIAMOND - AURUM
-METHANE - SODIUM BISULPHITE SOLUTION
-BENZENE - ALCOHOLS
-GRAIN ALCOHOL - TABLE SUGAR
- SUCROSE - HALOGENS
-UREA - CARBON DIOXIDE
-CARBON TETRACHLORIDE - POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
-SULPHURIC ACID - WOOD ALCOHOL
 INORGANIC SUBSTANCE/S ORGANIC SUBSTANCE/S
TABLE SALT DNA
DIAMOND METHANE
CARBON DIOXIDE BENZENE
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE GRAIN ALCOHOL
SULFURIC ACID SUCROSE
SULFURIC ACID UREA
AMMONIUM BISULPHITE SOLUTION CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
SODIUM BISULPHITE SOLUTION ALCOHOLS
HALOGENS TABLE SUGAR
AURUM WOOD ALCOHOL

PREPARED BY:
JUSTINE CASPER A. EDDUBA, RPh
Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry, Instructor