DATA COLLECTION

JEREMIAH D
118012001701
XAR507
3-B
PARKING AND TRAFFIC
 A ratio of between 5 and 6 car spaces per 1,000 sq.
ft. of leasable store area is mandatory.
 In the matter of parking layout, car stalls can be set at
angles (say, 70 degree to the lanes, which then requires
one-way traffic; or stalls can be at 90 degree to the
lanes, permitting two-way traffic.
PARKING AND TRAFFIC
 Parking should be within 30 meters of the main
entrance the building.
 International symbol of accessibility painted on the
ground and also on a signpost/board.
 Directional signs guiding people to the accessible
parking.
 Wheel stoppers to be provided.
RAMPS
CAR RAMP:
 Slope =1:14 max
PEDESTRIAN RAMP:
 Gentle slope: 1:12 max. 1800 x 1800 landing after 9m
of travel distance.
 Width: 1800mm or more.
 Handrails to be on both sides and at two levels –
760mm and 900mm. Extend 300mm beyond top and
bottom of ramp.
ENTRY AND EXIT
 If the floor area exceeds 1500 m.sq. all yards should have
entrances and exit.
 Min entrances and passages should be 3.7 m in width.
 Distance from any point to the exit should be 25m-30m.
LIFTS
 The sizes of the lift varies according to the usage of the
lift.
 LIKE:
 LIGHT TRAFFIC PASSENGERS.
 GENERAL PURPOSE PASSENGERS.
 INTENSIVE TRAFFIC PASSENGERS.
 GENERAL PURPOSE GOODS.
 HEAVY DUTY GOODS.
ESCALATORS
 Escalators can be provided at either sides of the stair
cases.
STAIRCASES
RISER AND GOING:
 Riser heights that are more than 7.33 inches(18cm) and
going less than 11 inches(27.9cm) are not
recommended.
LANDING:
 The minimum width of the landing must be equal to
that of the widest flight of steps that reaches it.the
minimum clear deapth must equal the widest stair
runs or 48 inches(1.21m),whichever is larger.
STAIRCASES
HANDRAIL:
 Current code permit a single rail for stairs up to 44
inches(0.12m) and two rails for stairs up to 88
inches(2.24m).
EXTERNAL STAIRCASE
 External stairs shall always be kept in sound operable conditions.
 all external stairs shall be directly connected to the ground.
 the external stairs shall be constructed of non combustible materials
 No external staircase, used as a fire escape, shall be inclined at
an angle greater than 45° from the horizontal.
 External stairs shall have straight flight not less than 1250 mm wide with
250 mm treads and risers not more than 190 mm.
 The number of risers shall be limited to 15 per flight.
 Handrails shall be of a height not less than 1000 mm and not exceeding
1200 mm. There shall be provisions of balusters with maximum gap of 150
mm.
 The use of spiral staircase shall be limited to low occupant load
and to a building not exceeding 9 m in height.
A spiral stair case shall be not less than 1500 mm in diameter and shall be
designed to give adequate headroom.
CORRIDORS AND PASSAGEWAYS
 Where stairways discharge through corridors and passageways, the height
of corridors and passageways shall be not less than 2.4 m.
 All means of exit including staircases lifts lobbies and corridors shall
be adequately ventilated.
 Internal staircase minimum width shall be 2.0m in all group F building.
 Pressurization of Staircases (Protected Escape Routes) Pressurization is a
method adopted for protected escape routes against ingress of smoke,
especially in high-rise buildings. In pressurization, air is injected into the
staircases, lobbies or corridors, to raise their pressure slightly above the
pressure in adjacent parts of the building. As a result, ingress of smoke or toxic
gases into the escape routes will be prevented. The pressurization of staircases
shall be adopted for high rise buildings and building having mixed occupancy/
multiplexes having covered area more than 500 m2.
SHOP SIZE AND LAYOUT
 12 to 15 ft wide by 50 to 60 ft long in smaller cities ; and 15 to 18 ft
wide by 60 to 80 ft long in larger cities .

 These dimensions apply particularly to shops in 100 percent retail districts .

 Basements 8 to 9 ft high, in the clear, permit economical stock

storage .

 Ground floors are preferably approximately 12 ft high If no mezzanine is

included ; mezzanines at least 7 ft6 inch above floor level will accommodate
most fixture heights.

 Height from mezzanine floor to ceiling may be as low as 6 ft6 in . if used

for service space only ; 7 ft is the preferred minimum for public use .
PLANNING GUIDLINES
1.Structural models Width (m) Notes
Small shops 5.3 to 6.0 mostly 5.4 m
Large-space users 7.3 to 9.2 depending on beam depth.
single-storey buildings –larger spans

2.Clear ceiling Height(m) To underside of beams

Small shops 3.3 to 3.8 Sales area

Non-sales area
3.2 to 3.6 With floor: floor spacing 4 to 5 m
Large-space users 3.6 min.
PLANNING GUIDELINES
3.Car parking Car spaces per 4.Typical floor kN/m2
100 m2 gross loading
retail area Shop sales 5
Supermarkets, 10-12 area
superstores Shop storage 10
Shopping 4-5 Design load for 20
service yard
centres
PLANNING GUIDEINES
5.Goods and m Notes
service docks
Typical provision Allowing
for large-space 1.5 m
user Two 15 m 10.7 each side
articulated lorries:
width

Minimum Approach
clearance height 4.7 road –
5.00 m
PLANNING GUIDELINES
type sales area
small shops (less than 280 m2 sales area)
Department 10000-20 000 m2
stores
Variety stores 500 to 15 000 m
Supermarkets The sales areas of large-space users
range from 1000 to 2500 m2
Superstores 5000 – 10 000 m2 of selling space.
Hypermarkets at least 2500 m2 sales floor
Shopping centers 25 000 and 50 000 m2 GLA
Retail parks at least 4500 m2
CIRCULATION
Occupancy
Assembly halls (closely seated)
Dance halls
Restaurants (dining areas)
Retail shops and showrooms
Department stores, bazaars
bargain sales areas
Offices
Area per person (m2 )
.46 @450mm c/c movable seats
.60@500mm c/c fixed seats
.55 to 0.90
.90 to 1.1
4.6 to 7.0
0.9 (including counters, etc.)
0.46 (gangway areas only)
9.3 (excluding stairs and lavatories)
PROVISIONS FOR TOILETS
 (a)Soap Dispensers
 (b)Litterbins
 (c) Electronic Hand-Dryers/Paper Towel Dispensers
 (d) Toilet Paper Dispensers
 (e) Toilet Seat Sanitizers/Covers
 (f) Water Tap Points within Cubicles
 (g) Air Fresheners
 (h) WC / Urinal Sanitizers
 (i)Coat Hooks
 (j) Cleaning Attendant’s Sink & Equipment Storage Space
FIRE SAFETY
 An exit may be a doorway; corridor passageway(s) to an
internal staircase, or external staircase or horizontal landing.
 Lifts and escalators shall not be considered as exits.
Every exit, exit access or exit discharge shall be
continuously maintained free of all obstructions.
Exits shall be clearly visible and the route to reach the
exits shall be clearly marked and signs posted to guide the
occupants of the floor concerned.
 Fire doors with 2 h fire resistance shall be provided at
appropriate places along the escape route.
FIRE SAFETY
A high rise building during construction shall be provided with
the following fire protection measures, which shall be maintained
in good working condition at all the times:
 Dry riser of minimum 100 mm diameter pipe
with hydrant outlets on the floors constructed with
a fire service inlet to boost the water in the dry riser
and maintenance should be as per the requirements
laid down in good practice.
 Drums Filled with water of 2000 litres capacity
with two fire buckets on each floor.
 A water storage tank of minimum 20000
litres capacity, which may be used for other
construction purposes also.
THANK YOU
VENTILATION
(a) Mechanical Ventilation
 Where mechanical means are used for ventilation, there
should be cross ventilation and the air exchange rate should
have a minimum of 15 air changes per hour.
 The exhaust air should be discharged to the exterior of
the building at a position at least 2 m above the pavement
level and at least 5 m from any window or fresh air intake.
(b) Natural Ventilation
 For natural ventilation, suitable fresh air inlet grilles shall
be provided to ensure an
 air exchange rate of 5 air changes per hour.
VENTILATION AND AIR CONTROL
 The object of installing ventilation and air conditioning
facilities in buildings shall be to provide conditions under
which people can live in comfort, work safely and
efficiently.
 Ventilation and air conditioning installation shall
aim at controlling and optimizing following factors in the building:
a) Air purity and filtration,
b) Air movement,
c) Dry-bulb temperature,
d) Relative humidity,
e) Noise and vibration,
f) Energy efficiency, and
g) Fire safety.
DUCT SYSTEM
Classification :
 Low pressure systems:
Velocity ≤ 10 m/s, static pressure ≤ 5 cm HO (g) .
 Medium pressure systems:
Velocity ≤ 10 m/s, static pressure ≤ 15 cm HO (g).
 High pressure systems:
Velocity > 10 m/s, static pressure 15<p ≤ 25 cm HO (g).
Recommended air velocities depend mainly on the
application And the noise criteria.
Theatres: 4 to 6.5 m/s
Restaurants: 7.5 m/s to 10 m/s
WATER REQUIREMENTS
RAIN WATER HARVESTING
 Since June 2001, the Ministry of Urban affairs and
Poverty Alleviation has made rainwater harvesting
mandatory in all new buildings with a roof area of
more than 100 sq m and in all plots with an area of
more than 1000 sq m, that are being developed
THANK YOU