UNIT 4

MCQ’s

1. Bus coupler is very essential in the arrangement

I. Single bus
II. Double bus, double breaker
III. Main and transfer bus
IV. All of the above
2. For cost and safety, the outdoor substations are installed for
voltages above
I. 11 kV
II. 33 kV
III. 60 kV
IV. 110 kV
3. A mho relay is used for protection of:
I. Protection of a transformer against external fault
II. Long Transmission Line
III. Protection of a transformer against all the internal faults and
external fault
IV. Medium Length lines
4. A relay which measures impedance or a component of the
impedance at the relay location is known as
I. Induction Relay
II. Moving Coil Relay
III. IDMT Relay
IV. Distance Relay
5. The under voltage relay can be used for
1. Generators
2. Busbars
3. Motors
4. All of the above
 2 marker
1. Question 1. What Are The Common Types Of Generator
Faults?
Answer :
The common types of faults occurring in synchronous generators
are:
Stator winding faults (phase to phase faults, phase to earth faults,
inter turn faults), Rotor winding faults (conductor to earth faults,
open circuit faults, inter turn faults), failure of prime mover, failure
of the field, unbalanced loading, over loading, over-voltage at
generator terminals, over-speed, ventilation failure, loss of excitation.
Question 2.For What Type Of Faults Does Differential Protection
Is Provided?
Answer :
Differential protection responds to the phasor difference between two
or more electrical quantities. It operates for the internal faults occur in
generators or transformers. For external faults differential protection
does not operate.
Question 3. Why It Is Not Necessary To Provide Protection For
Turn To Turn Fault In Alternator?
Answer :
The coils of the modern alternators are single turn and therefore it is not
necessary to provide protection for turn to turn faults
Question 4. What Is Advantage Of Using Percentage Differential
Relay Protection?
Answer :
o It does not require CTs with air gaps or special balancing
features
o It permits a low fault setting to be used and this ensures
maximum protection of the windings
o It ensures complete stability under the most severe through fault
conditions
Question 5. Which Type Of Relays Are Used For The Merz-price
Protection System For Alternator?
Answer :Merz-Price protection is differential protection provided for
the alternator. The relays used in the Merz-Price protection system of
alternator are instantaneous electro-magnetic type protection.

16 marker

1)Explain the electrical circuit of the generator. With the suitable

diagram.
ANSWER-
2)Explain the various faults and abnormal operating conditions for a
generator protection.
Answer-
3) Expain the loss of excitation with examples.
Answer-
4)Explain the rotor fault and Abnormal operating conditions.
Answer-
5) Explain Earth Leakage Protection for Single-phase Load.
Answer-