DEVELOPMENT OF POWER ELECTRONIC DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER

BASED ON ANFIS CONTROLLER

Abstract: In transmission and distribution sector
transformer plays a major role; because it step up or
down depends upon the rate of power required. The
transformer struggles with deviation in voltage, power
factor lagging, transmission loss, core losses, etc. To
overcome these kinds of losses a power electronic
distribution transformer (PET) is proved in this paper.
Alone a distribution transformer shall not perform power
conversion conveniently. So some control logic is
proposed with this transformer improve efficiency and
performance. PI control logic communicating ANFIS
controller is presented to control the power flow in
proposed circuit. Accounting voltage sag, voltage swell,
voltage oscillation, open and short circuit fault in the
transmission line and eliminates it. The proposed three
phase Vienna rectifier does power factor correction in
phase with rectification. These things improve voltage
with respect to fluctuation in power flow. MATLAB study
further certifies the performance and operation with high
efficiency.
The PET contains semiconducting devices at both
front and back. The performance of PET oriented
with two strategies. They are without DC link and
with DC link capacitor. Absence of DC link capacitor
construction becomes simple, low stress across
switch; it cannot perform power conversion well.
Hence with dc link capacitor is preferred. It allows
power factor correction as well as improves voltage
at output side. PI controller alone cannot do power
conversion well. The fuzzy logic control incorporated
with PI controller having responded well when
variation in voltage is identified. The PET function
is broadly classified into input stage; isolation stage;
and output stage. The combination of Vienna rectifier
with PET posses power factor closer to unity. Lot of
rectifiers dealt with power conversion. It contains
less diode and single switch. Due to its unique
characteristics this rectifier is prescribed.

Keywords: Power Electronic Distribution Transformer

(PET); Proportional Integral Control (PI); Adaptive
Neuro Fuzzy Interface System (ANFIS); Vienna
Rectifier; Three Phase Inverter.

I.INTRODUCTION

In power transmission and distribution the role of

transformer becoming a major one. Without this there
is no power transfer for a longer distance. Normally a
power flow through transmission line is lost in the Fig.1. Proposed APIFC control logic
form of heat. To overcome these losses and perform
transmission require transformer. Depends upon the The above figure shows APIFC controller. The
requirement a transformer performs both step up and reason behind the selection of this control system is
step down linearly. The non linear load may cause prescribed in above paragraph.
variation in transmission line. Sudden change in
impedance cannot be corrected by a transformer. II.METHODOLOGY
Because it does not have that have capability to do
The contribution of distribution transformer occupies
power control and power management. To perform
a major role in APIFLC based power correction.
power factor in transmission sector a high frequency
When AC supply flows through Vienna rectifier it
transformer is established. In this paper solid state
would convert AC-dc with power correction through
high frequency transformer with APIFC control logic
filters at the output side. The combined P & I control
is proposed. It avoids dielectric loss, oscillation,
logic control the switching action of Vienna rectifier.
harmonics, etc. Some barriers in power transmission
However the switch performs diode action and
are voltage swell, voltage sag, power loss are
switching stress is said to be less. ANFIS controller is
overcome through this proposed topology.
the key of isolation stage. Because it receives
feedback from three phase inverter and tune the high
frequency transformer operation. The dc voltage is
again converted into ac through inverter portion. In
this proposed topology AC-DC; frequency change;
DC-AC are performed well. At that time the power
factor correction also executed without any interrupt.
Fig.1.A block diagram describes assembling of
various topologies
III.CIRCUIT TOPOLOGY
Fig.2.overall circuit diagram of proposed topology
The proposed circuit configuration is demonstrated in
the above figure. The topology comprised of diode,
high frequency transformer, inductor and capacitor.
For each phase a switch enriched with rectification
process interfacing diodes at front and back. This part
bring back power factor as same as sinusoidal input
voltage. The half bridge converter at beginning of HF
transformer obtain high frequency square wave; it is
stepped down through high frequency transformer.
Literally the second half bridge converter does high
frequency signal into dc voltage. Along with half
bridge converter, three phase inverter converts dc
into ac without any loss in power factor and ripple. A
sinusoidal output voltage is obtained within this
portion. A detailed explanation of conversion is
explained below.
Input stage: During positive half cycle the rectified
dc output flow attains through the power flow via
following path: sinusoidal AC input voltage enters
D1and then moves towards D5- C1-C2-D6-D2-D3-
S1-D4-Vin. In each phase this cycle repeats
continuously during positive half cycle. During
negative half cycle diode would not conduct due to
its reverse blocking characteristics. PI controller
contributes with switch present in each phase. Thus
PI controller is said to be as feedback control system
in which comparison between reference signal with
input signal and the estimate the error in it. It corrects
the changes and provides desired output voltage.
PI Controller:
Fig.3.PI control logic
The proportional controller produces an output
voltage in proportion with error signal. By integrating
error signal the output voltage is controlled in
integral controller.
In PI controller the coefficient of P & I is similar to
that of output power. To improve the response time,
first maximize the P coefficient with less I
coefficient. This would make zero error in output
voltage.
Isolation stage: This stage includes combined
operation of two half bridge inverters with high
frequency transformer. The leading phase angle with
initial half bridge converter is further changed into
lagging phase angle through secondary half bridge.
ANFIS controller: The fuzzy logic with artificial
neural network control brings more attention
nowadays. The fuzzy logic control follows a set of
rules to perform control mechanism. In case any error
in output, the speed of response in this controller is
said to be high.
IV.RESULT AND DISCUSSION
A solid state high frequency distribution transformer
with ANFIS communicating PI control logic is
simulated within this section. The Vienna rectifier
and the inverter part are simulated through a set of
equations that handling input voltage, output current,
and frequency of the inverter. These mathematical
models are represented in the form of matrix. A
constant power flow in three phases is converted into
variable one through Vienna rectifier. A rectified DC
power is further given to transformer. The
transformer performs changes within it and again it is
converted into AC through inverter block enrolled
within it.

Fig.4.ANFIS controller

Output stage: The output from isolation stage is

again converted into AC through three phase inverter.
With 120 degree phase delay the switches are turned
on. The switching pattern is represented below:
S1S6, S2S1, S3S2, S4S3, S5S4, S6S1, and S2S1
respectively. These switching action provide
sinusoidal output voltages.

Fig.6.represents power electronic distribution

transformer interfacing ANFIS controller

Fig.5.three phase inverter

The table describes component details with ratings:

List of components parameters

Diode IN4007
Inductor 1mH
Switch IRF840
Microcontroller PIC16F877A
Capacitor 100 µF, 35V
Driver IC TLP250 Fig.7. shows source voltage
Resistor 330 k Ω, 10 k Ω, 100 Ω
A sinusoidal input voltage is given to the system and
is described and showed through scope connected
with line.

Fig.8.vienna rectifier output

A constant dc output voltage with unity power factor

supports high frequency transformer portion. Because Fig.10. visualizes the efficiency of induction motor
the half bridge converter need to maintain a square
wave with higher frequency. So it is mandatory to
make output voltage as continuous one through filters
present within it.

A three phase sinusoidal output voltage is represented

in below graph in corresponds with high frequency.

Fig 11 hardware prototype

Fig.9. demonstrates three phase inverter voltage and

current
Fig 12 gate signal
Normally a motor rotates with synchronous speed it
is considered as a motor without any losses. As from
the above statement, the proposed system which
contains an induction motor running with higher
speed and acceptable torque rate.
V.CONCLUSION
A power distribution transformer with PI interfaced
ANFIS controller is proposed in this paper and
simulated in MATLAB software. An inverted three
phase supply fed induction motor further describes
the power quality and efficiency in relation with
power factor correction. In power transmission
system this could be possible to implement. APIFC
overall performance fulfilled the power conditioning
with minimum number of active and passive
components. The communication between PI and
ANFIS controller become viable in this type of
control strategy. The prototype model experimentally
visualizes the efficiency and sinusoidal output
voltage.
Thus study on various control logic which
undergoing changes in power factor correction
rectifier become viable and improve quality of power
transmitting under critical circumstances. In future
this may bring more attention due to its specification
and simple construction.
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