EXERCISE 7: Nuclear Reactions SFT1023

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 1. Consider the following nuclear reaction: 2 He + 105 B  13
6C + X . Which one of the following correctly
identifies X and represents the reaction?
(a) 10

5B , 
+ 13
6C (c) 13

6C ,p 5B
10
 
(e) 105 B  , n 136 C 
(b) 13
 
10
6 C p,  5 B 
(d) 105 B  , p 13 6C 
 2. Complete the following nuclear reaction: 2 He + 6 C  01n + 11H + ?
4 12

(a) 168 O (c) 147 N (e) 15 7N

15 14
(b) 8 O (d) 9 F
 3. 122

Consider the nuclear reaction: 52Te X, d 124 
53 I . The symbol “d” indicates a deuterium nucleus
2
1H .
Which one of the following statements is true concerning X?
(a) X could be a proton. (d) X must have mass number 2.
(b) X could be a gamma ray. (e) X must have atomic number 4.
(c) X must contain 2 neutrons.
 4. Consider the following reaction: 147 N  d,   126 C where 147 N has a mass of 14.003 074 u; 12
6C has a
mass of 12.000 000 u; d has a mass of 2.014 102 u; and has a mass of 4.002 603 u. How much energy is
released in this reaction (Note: 1 u = 931.5 MeV)?
(a) 1.2 MeV (c) 13.6 MeV (e) 58.3 MeV
(b) 8.3 MeV (d) 27.4 MeV
 5. Which one of the following quantities is not necessarily conserved in nuclear reactions?
(a) electric charge (c) angular momentum
(b) number of protons (d) number of protons and neutrons
 6. Consider the reaction: 11 H + 150
62 Sm  147
61 Pm + 4 1
2 He where the masses are 1 H = 1.007 825 u;
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2 He = 4.002 603 u; 150 147
62 Sm = 149.917 276 u; 61 Pm = 146.915 108 u. How much energy is released
in the reaction?
(a) 3.14 MeV (c) 12.6 MeV (e) 36.2 MeV
(b) 6.88 MeV (d) 19.8 MeV
 7. The first induced nuclear reaction, 147 N   , p  178 O , in a laboratory was studied by Rutherford in 1919. How
14
much energy is absorbed in this reaction if the atomic masses are: 7N = 14.003 074 u,
17
8O = 16.999 133 u, = 4.002 603 u, and p = 1.007 825 u? Note: 1 u = 931.5 MeV.
(a) 1.193 MeV (b) 6.603 MeV (c) 27.91 MeV
17 3 20
 8 . In the induced nuclear reaction, 8 O + 2 He  10 Ne *  X + Y , the reaction produces neon in an excited
state, which subsequently decays into a nucleus X and a particle Y. Which one of the following X and Y pairs is not
possible?
X Y
17 3
(a) 8O 2 He
19 2
(b) 9F 1H
20
(c) 10 Ne 
 9. What is the importance of thermal neutrons in nuclear processes?
(a) Thermal neutron capture results in uranium fission.
(b) Thermal neutrons are released in radioactive decay.
(c) Thermal neutrons are necessary in the fusion of deuterium.
(d) Thermal neutrons are commonly released in fusion reactions.
 10. Which one of the following energy values would be characteristic of a thermal neutron?
(a) 0.03 eV (c) 3 eV (e) 0.04 MeV
(b) 0.4 eV (d) 100 eV
 11. A particular nuclear fission reaction produces 1.50  102 MeV per fission. How many fissions per second are
required to generate 3.00  108 W of power?
(a) 2.00  1016 (c) 3.20  1018 (e) 6.02  1023
 (b) 5.25  1017 (d) 1.25  1019
 12. A nuclear reaction that uses one nucleus of 23692 U generates 170 MeV. How much energy is released when
5.0 kg of this isotope are used?
(a) 1.4  1010 J (c) 3.5  1014 J (e) 8.2  1016 J
(b) 6.9  10 J13
(d) 8.9  10 J
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 13. How many neutrons are produced in the reaction: 01 n + 235 144 89
92 U  56 Ba + 36 Kr + ? 0 n ?
1

(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 5

 14. Identify X in the following nuclear fission reaction: 92 U +   56 Ba + 90
235 142
36 Kr + X .
(a) one alpha particle (c) three protons (e) six neutrons
(b) two alpha particles (d) three neutrons
 15. One example of a nuclear fission reaction involving slowly moving neutrons is
1 235 236 95 139 1
0 n + 92 U  92 U *  42 Mo + 57 La + 2 0 n
What is the total kinetic energy (in eV) of the products of the reaction? The relevant masses are:
235 95 139 1
92 U = 235.043 924 u, 42 Mo = 94.9058 u, 57 La = 138.9061 u, and 0 n = 1.0087 u.
(a) 208.0 MeV (b) 1879 MeV (c) 219 700 MeV
 16 How many neutrons are produced in the following reaction: 0 n + 92 U  88
1 235 136
38 Sr + 54 Xe + ?
(a) 11 (c) 22 (e) 48
(b) 12 (d) 24
 17. A nuclear reactor continuously generates 150 MW of power through the fissioning of uranium. Suppose
that each fission releases 190 MeV. If one mole of uranium (6.023  1023 nuclei) has a mass of 0.235 kg,
what mass of uranium has undergone fission in a 4.0 day period?
(a) 0.33 kg (c) 1.3 kg (e) 5.2 kg
(b) 0.67 kg (d) 2.6 kg
 18. Determine the amount of energy released in the following reaction: 21 H  21H  42 He . Use the following
information for your calculation: 21 H has a mass of 2.014 102 u, 42 He has a mass of
4.002 603 u, and 1 u = 931.5 MeV.
(a) 0.20 MeV (b) 23.8 MeV (c) 7480 MeV
 19. Which one of the following statements is true concerning the reaction 1 H + 63Li  42 He + 42 He where
2

2
1H has a mass of 2.014 u; 42 He has a mass of 4.003 u; 63 Li has a mass of 6.015 u; and
1 u = 931.5 MeV?
(a) The reaction releases 14 MeV. (c) The reaction requires 14 MeV to occur.
(b) The reaction releases 21 MeV. (d) The reaction requires 21 MeV to occur.
 20. Determine the amount of energy released in the following reaction: 42 He + 42 He + 42 He  126 C
where 42 He = 4.002 603 u and 126 C = 12.000 000 u.
(a) 2.27 MeV (b) 3.73 MeV (c) 7.27 MeV
 21. Determine the amount of energy released in the following reaction: 21 H + 21H  11H + 31H
where the masses are 21 H  2.014 102 u; 1
1H  1.007 825 u; and
3
1H  3.016 u.
(a) 2.02 eV (c) 2.02 MeV (e) 8.00 MeV
(b) 4.03 eV (d) 4.03 MeV
 22. How many kilowatt  hours of energy are released from 25 g of deuterium 21 H fuel in the fusion reaction:
2
1H+ 21H  42 He +  where the masses are 21 H = 2.014 102 u and 42 He = 4.002 603 u.
Notes: Ignore the energy carried off by the gamma ray. Conversion factors: 1 kWh = 3.600  106 J;
1 eV = 1.602  1019 J.
(a) 1  106 kWh (c) 3  106 kWh (e) 5  106 kWh
(b) 2  106 kWh (d) 4  106 kWh
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 23. One of the nuclear fusion reactions that occurs in stars is: 10 Ne + 42 He  24 1
12 Mg + 0 n where the masses
21 4 24
are 10 Ne = 20.993 849 u; 2 He = 4.002 603 u; 12 Mg = 23.985 042 u; and
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0n = 1.008 665 u. How much energy is released in this reaction?
(a) 2.557 MeV (c) 6.452 MeV (e) 9.370 MeV
(b) 4.572 MeV (d) 8.493 MeV