Drug Mechanism of Action Indication
Generic name: Description: acts by
Clopidogrel interfering with the
transmission of nerve
Brand name: impulses by
Clopate acetylcholine in the
parasympathetic nervous
Dosage: system; exerts a
75 mg spasmolytic action on the
smooth muscle of the
Frequency: gastrointestinal, biliary
OD and urinary tracts
Onset: immediate
Route of Peak: unknown
Administration: Duration: unknown
Oral Half-life: 5 hrs.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption:
Incompletely absorbed
from the gastrointestinal
tract. Bioavailability: 40-
45% (oral). Time to peak
serum concentration:
Approximately 1-3 hours
(oral).
Distribution: Crosses
placenta and present in
breastmilk. Volume of
distribution: 1.3±0.2
L/kg. Plasma protein
binding: 15-20%.
Metabolism: Undergoes
minimal first-pass
metabolism to form S-
oxide.
Excretion: Via urine
(oral: 25-30%, IV: 65-
70% as unchanged drug).
Contraindication Adverse Effects Nursing Implications
Prophylaxis of Active pathological bleeding (e.g. peptic Hematoma, epistaxis, diarrhea, Before:
thromboembolic ulcer or intracranial hemorrhage). dyspepsia, abdominal pain, bruising, 1. Check doctor’s order
disorders, Acute coronary bleeding at puncture site. Rarely, 2. Assess whether patient is
syndrome Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema contraindicated to the drug
multiforme, serum sickness, interstitial 3. Prepare medication ahead of
pneumonitis, lichen planus, myalgia. time
Potentially Fatal: Intracranial 4. Verify drug, dose, route,
bleeding, GI and retroperitoneal timing and pt.’s identity
hemorrhage, blood dyscrasias, 5. Explain procedure to pt.
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
During:
1. Administer on right route
2. Observe aseptic techniques
3. Ensure patency
4. Introduce medication slowly
After:
1. Educate pt. about possible
adverse reactions
2. Instruct patient to report any
unusual reaction
3. Chart accordingly
4. Institute safety precautions
5. Ensure adequate ventilation
Elimination half-life: 2.5-
3.5 hours.