Volatile Memory

• Volatile memory is memory that requires electric current to retain data.

• When the power is turned off, all data is erased.

• Volatile memory is often contrasted with non-volatile memory, which

does not require power to maintain the data storage state.

• The most common type of volatile memory is random-access memory, or

RAM.
Non-Volatile Memory (NVM)
• Non-volatile memory (NVM) is a type of computer memory that has the
capability to hold saved data even if the power is turned off.

• Unlike volatile memory, NVM does not require its memory data to be
periodically refreshed.
• It is commonly used for secondary storage or long-term consistent
storage.
• Non-volatile memory is highly popular among digital media; it is widely
used in memory chips for USB memory sticks and digital cameras.
• Non-volatile memory eradicates the need for relatively slow types of
secondary storage systems, including hard disks.
• Non-volatile memory is also known as non-volatile storage.
Volatile Vs Non-Volatile Memory
S.NO VOLATILE MEMORY NON-VOLATILE MEMORY

1
Volatile memory is the type of
memory in which data isn’t keep in
memory as before long as power is
gone.
Non-volatile memory is the type of memory in
which data or information remains keep within
the memory albeit power is completed.

2
Volatile memory is not a permanent Non-volatile memory is a permanent memory.
memory.
3
It is faster than non-volatile memory. It is slow than volatile memory.

4
RAM is the example of volatile ROM is the example of non-volatile memory.
memory.
5
In volatile memory, data can be easily In non-volatile memory, data can not be easily
transferred in comparison of non- transferred in comparison of volatile memory.
volatile memory.
Types of RAM
Common Types of DRAM

• Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) “synchronizes” the memory speed with CPU

clock speed so that the memory controller knows the exact clock cycle when the
requested data will be ready. This allows the CPU to perform more instructions at a
given time. Typical SDRAM transfers data at speeds up to 133 MHz.

• Rambus DRAM (RDRAM) takes its name after the company that made it,
Rambus. It was popular in the early 2000s and was mainly used for video game
devices and graphics cards, with transfer speeds up to 1 GHz.
Common Types of DRAM

• Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM) is a type of synchronous memory

that nearly doubles the bandwidth of a single data rate (SDR) SDRAM running at
the same clock frequency by employing a method called "double pumping," which
allows transfer of data on both the rising and falling edges of the clock signal
without any increase in clock frequency.

• DDR1 SDRAM has been succeeded by DDR2, DDR3, and most

recently, DDR4 SDRAM. Although operating on the same principles, the modules
are not backward-compatible. Each generation delivers higher transfer rates and
faster performance. The latest DDR4 modules, for example, feature fast transfer
rates at 2133/2400/2666and even 3200 MT/s
Types of ROM
RAM Vs ROM
RAM
1. Random Access Memory
2. Volatile(maintains its data while the device 2. Non-Volatile (does not lose content when
is powered)
3. Stores information temporary
4. Requires flow of electricity to retain data
5. Large size with higher capacity
6. Used for both read and write
7. Costlier
8. Very fast but uses a lot of power
9. Used in CPU cache, primary memory
ROM
1. Read only Memory
power is lost)
3. Stores information permanently
4. Does not require flow of electricity to
retain data
5. Small size with less capacity
6. Used only for reading
7. Cheaper than RAM
8. Fast but uses very little power
9. Used in firmware, microcontrollers