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Global Estimates: 285 million people are affected by visual impairment*.
●VI: 285M ● Blind
(4.25%) 39M (14%)
World
Population:
6,697M
● Low Vision
246M (86%)
80% of Visual Impairment is avoidable
(can be prevented or cured)
Age‐related Other causes
macular 21%
degeneration
(AMD) Uncorrected Corneal
1% Trachoma Refractive Trachoma
Opacities
1% Error 3%
Glaucoma
4% Childhood
42%
2% blindness
Glaucoma
4%
8%
Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010, S.P.Mariotti, D. Pascolini, Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 May;96(5):614‐8.
Visual Impairment and Blindness 2010
Global Estimates: 285 million people are affected by visual impairment.
The geographical distribution of Visual Impairment is uneven in the world.
6% 0.6% 0.7%
Prevalence of VI per 100 pop
5% 0.7%
0.8%
0.7%
4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.5%
3%
5.0% 4.6%
2% 4.1%
3.2% 2.9% 2.8%
1% 2.5% 2.6%
0%
AFR AMR EMR EUR SEAR‐{India} WPR‐{China} China India
Prevalence of Vision Loss (all ages)
Prevalence of blindness (all ages)
Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010, S.P.Mariotti, D. Pascolini, Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 May;96(5):614‐8.
Population Growth and Ageing
9,000 World Pop : + 10%
By 2019 the
Population in millions (000'000)
8,000 7,538 M
6,853 M
7,000 world population
6,000
will grow to 7,5
5,000
4,000
billion (10%)
3,000
2,000
World Population: All Adults (in thousands ) World Population: Persons aged of 50 or more years old (in thousands)
It is estimated that in the next 9 years the number of blind people aged 50 + will grow
in all WHO Regions; particularly in:
• China
• India
• South‐East Asia
• Eastern‐Mediterranean
unless action is taken to prevent and cure main causes of visual impairments
Millions 12
10
0
AFR AMR EMR EUR SEAR‐{India} WPR‐{China} China India
Blind people aged of 50 or more years in 2010 ('000)
*2019 projections assume constant ratio between population and VI prevalence rates
Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010, S.P.Mariotti, D. Pascolini, Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 May;96(5):614‐8.
Socio‐economic development, Investment in
health and visual impairments
5% 4.73%
4.25%
3.99%
4%
per 100 (2010)
3%
2%
1%
0%
Low income Lower middle income Upper middle income High income
Higher countries/regions investments in health correspond to lower prevalence of
visual impairment.
8%
India: 7.25%
7% China: 6.50%
*Prevalence of VI for adults
6% SEAR‐{India}: 6.36%
EMR: 6%
5% WPR‐{China}: 4.07%
AFR: 5.21%
4% EUR: 3.63%
3% AMR: 3.60%
2%
1% y = 0.0736x‐0.248
0%
‐ 5 10 15 20 25
Total expenditure on health per capita (hundreds US Dollars, PPP int.)
Prevalence of VI for adults from 15 years old Power (Prevalence of VI for adults from 15 years old)
Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010, S.P.Mariotti, D. Pascolini, Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 May;96(5):614‐8.
References
Indicators Sources
• Visual Impairment, Vision Loss and Blindness 2010 global estimates, and VI and blindness causes.
Mariotti S., and Pascolini D., Global Data on Visual Impairments 2010, WHO 2010.
• World Population estimates and projections. 2011 Revision. United Nations, Department of
Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects: the 2011 Revision.
• Total per capita expenditure on health ‐PPP int. $‐ (WHO 2008 estimates): data available at
http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main .
• World Bank Classification of world economies by income groups 2012: Based on 2011 GNI per
capita. Accessed online December 2012 at http://data.worldbank.org/about/country‐classifications
• GDP per capita ‐PPP int. $‐, 2013‐2017 projections: International Monetary Fund, World Economic
Outlook Database, April 2012. Accessed online on December 2012 at:
http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/02/weodata/index.asp
• Visual Impairment, Vision Loss and Blindness 2010 projections: calculated from VI global 2010
Estimates taking into account population growth, and ageing (UNDP 2011 estimates), and with
constant prevalence over the period 2010‐2019.
Maps Sources and Considerations
• Map 1: Prevalence of people (all ages) with VI per 100
population.
• Map 2: Population of blind people 50 or more years old in
thousands (‘000).
Data Source: WHO Visual Impairment and Blindness global estimates.
Map Production: Prevention of Blindness and Deafness unit
WHO All rights Reserved
Disclaimer: The boundaries and names shown and the designations
used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion
whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning
the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its
authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or
boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate
border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.