Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino
II. COMPETENCIES
At the end of the learning episode, the students should be able to:
1. relate their own philosophies in life;
2. compose their own teaching philosophy; and
3. assess the teachers’ roles in the society
III. DISCUSSION
Teaching entails one to have great commitment and dedication in serving the
society and its people. For a teacher to become more steadfast to his profession,
he/she must be governed by a philosophy which serves as a guiding principle in all
endeavors he/she has to take as regards teaching.
As a future teacher, you must have to be aware always of your own philosophy
for you to be directed you as you face the challenges of this profession. In this way,
you gradually develop a significant role in the society where you belong.
Learning Episode 2 provides you the opportunity to develop your own
philosophy in teaching, how it is related to your personal philosophy as a person and
in your role as a potent member of the society you are identified with.
A. Teaching and Philosophy
There are many definitions of philosophy in terms of etymology, psychological,
process, purposive and logic. Here are the wide-ranging definitions of philosophy as to
its context in the field of education.
The word philosophy is derived from the Greek words philia (Loving) and sophia
(Wisdom) and means" the love of wisdom". This is the most popular Grecian
conception of philosophy, but there are conglomerate definitions of philosophy that
seem more supplementary rather than contradictory (Moreland, et.al., 2003). This
means that philosophy is perceived as one way to show love of wisdom and its
relevance to the teaching profession.
As to psychological aspect of philosophy, “Philosophy is a personal attitude to life
and the universe. When a person goes through some unusual experience, we often
inquire, "How does he take it?" Or we often declare, "He takes it philosophically". The
mature philosophical attitude is the searching and critical attitude, it is the open
minded, tolerant attitude expressed in the willingness to look at all sides of an issue.
It does not shrink from facing the difficult and unresolved problems of life” (Siegel,
2010 :14). In the field of teaching profession, appropriate philosophy must be known
by the teacher to cope with the different personality of the students. Moreover,
through philosophy, it facilitates the process on how to solve issues and problems
that may be encountered in the field of teaching. This may support the concept of
progressivism and social reconstructivism.
Buss perceives philosophy as a method of reflective thinking and reasoned inquiry.
It involves the attempt to think through one's problems and to face all the facts
involved (1999: 14). As to the definition of philosophy in terms of process, the context
of philosophy in education, it requires a process or method to deal with any problems
to solve. This concept merges with the idea of identifying the best method to be used
in order to solve the situation. Indeed, the teacher must know the different methods
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
Prescriptive Philosophy
Akinboye (1994) perceives the concept of prescriptive philosophy that tries to
create the standards in evaluating values. It seeks to establish ideals for assessing
values, judging conduct and appraising art. Besides, this mode of philosophy can be
elaborated and explained by these contexts:
1. It examines what we mean by good and bad, right and wrong, beautiful and
ugly;
2. It seeks to discover what actions and qualities are most worthwhile and why
they should be so; and
3. It recommends principles for deciding what needs to be done and actions to
be undertaken.
This means, that the concept of philosophy based on prescriptive exists on the
process of evaluation. Therefore, the prescriptive philosophy goes with the appropriate
evaluation to be utilized as related to the teaching profession.
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
As would-be teachers, you might face several challenges from your students.
So, it is very important to identify the philosophy of education you need to apply in
your teaching. The main focus of education in the 21 st century is teaching the
students how to learn and apply the theories they have learned in the school.
Therefore, you need to master the different context of educational philosophy.
There are many challenges you might encounter in the future. You might say,
that teaching is like fishing, teaching is like planting a seed in the yard, teaching is
like cooking and many metaphorical statements and lines about teaching.
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
The Fundamental or Foundational Moral Principle: “Do good and avoid evil” is
applicable to a teacher. Teacher should possess principles of morality. Ethics (also
known as moral philosophy) is the branch of philosophy which addresses questions of
morality. Moreover, the word "ethics" is "commonly used interchangeably with
'morality,' and sometimes it is used more narrowly to mean the moral principles of a
particular tradition, group, or individual (Audi, 1995).
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
bookkeeper, role model, planner, and many other related roles. School teachers play
an important role in the development of students. What students learn in their
formative years can shape the men and women they will become (Bourke, T. et. al.,
2013)
According to Lanier (2013), the role of a teacher is clearly more than just
planning and executing lesson plans. In some senses, because the teacher spends so
much time with the students, she or he can become the student's second parent.
Teachers can be a constant positive role model for their students, particularly for
children that lack a solid family foundation.
Teachers' roles today are considerably different than they used to be. Teachers
were once issued a specific curriculum to teach, and a set of instructions on how to
teach it, using the same methods for all students. In today's world, a teacher's role is
quite multifaceted. Their job is to counsel students, help them learn how to use their
knowledge and integrate it into their lives so they will become valuable members of
society. Teachers are encouraged to adapt learning methods to each individual
student's learning, to challenge and inspire them to learn. (Cox, 2013).
1. Planning lessons that teach specific subjects, such as math, science, and English
to be taught every day. In this actual work of a teacher, it is necessary to
prepare a lesson plan every day. Lesson plans may serve as a blue print or
guide in teaching. In order to deliver the lesson in systematic way, the teacher
should provide lesson plans based on the curriculum guide issued by the
Department of Education.
2. Teaching lessons in whole-group or small-group configurations. As a teacher, you
need to consider the whole group and small-group activities. In the explicit
teaching method, you need to design varied group activities to cater the needs
of all the learners.
3. Assessing and evaluating students’ abilities, strengths, and weaknesses. This
role of a teacher plays a very significant impact in the teaching and learning
process. At the end of every lesson, you need to conduct evaluation to identify
the number of students who mastered the lessons for enrichment activities and
number of students who did not master the lessons for remedial teaching.
4. Preparing students for standardized tests. This role of a teacher nowadays
complements with the learning and teaching process. Every quarter, the teacher
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
should prepare summative test. Prepare unit test to determine the least
mastered competencies.
5. Communicating student progress to parents. Every end of the quarter, the
teacher should plan for Parents Teacher Partnership (PTP) meeting to inform
the progress of the learners. In this way, the parents will be informed about the
performance of their children.
6. Developing and enforcing classroom rules. Enforcing classroom rules helps the
students to avoid possible problems. As a teacher, you need to adhere to the
classroom rules being agreed among the students and parents. In enforcing
rules, parents should be properly informed and properly monitored by the
teachers.
7. Supervising children in extracurricular activities. The teacher should supervise
the extra-curricular activities of the students. Extra-curricular activities of the
students play a vital role in shaping their individual skills. Through extra-
curricular, you help the students enrich or develop their skills and interest.
Descriptions
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
a. Morality-
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b. Ethics-
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d. Values formation-
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V. COMPREHENSION CHECK
Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. It is something that is reflected on how learners are perceived and must be
dealt with the result and reason of one’s behavior. What is it?
A. Teacher’s teaching attitude
B. Teacher’s teaching philosophy
C. Teacher’s teaching training
D. Teacher’s teaching strategy
2. What is the main concept of prescriptive philosophy?
A. It examines the concept of equality
B. It creates the standards in evaluating values
C. It involves thinking systematically
D. It reflects on procedural discovery of meaning
3. The foundational moral principle applicable to teaching is
A. do not do unto others what you do not want others do unto you
B. try to be the best wherever you are
C. do good and avoid evil
D. To be a better person, learn to be humble
4. All of the following are roles of a teacher except one
A. Apply concepts in the different subjects
B. Prepares lesson plans and instructional materials
C. Works closely with school staff
D. Coordinates with the LGU on the need to complete a road project
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
VI. ASSIGNMENT
Task 1. Compose a slogan about the role of a teacher in the society. The slogan must
not be more than ten words. Print the slogan in a long bond paper. Upload a picture of
the slogan in our Facebook page or attached it at the Self-paced Learning Module
(SLM). Please refer to the attached rubric as a guide in evaluating your work.
VII. REFERENCES
Akinboye, J.O. (2014). Psychological Foundations of Education. Ibadan. Heineman
Educational Books
Bilbao, P. P. B.B. Corpuz, A. T. Llagas, and G. G. Salandanan. (2016). The teaching
profession. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
Blackburn, Simon (2016). Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy (2nd ed.). p. 240. ISBN
978-0199541430
Buss, D.M. (2016). Evolutionary Psychology. Psycnet.apa.org.
Cox, Janelle ox (2013) What is the Role of A Teacher. Retrieved on
https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-the-role-of-a-teacher-2081511
Lanier, Judith Taack. (2015). Redefining the Role of the Teacher: It's a Multifaceted
Profession. Edutopia. George Lucas Educational Foundation 1997. Web.
February 4, 2018.
Martin, M. (2019). The teaching profession in the millennial context. Quezon City:St.
Andrew Publishing House.
Moreland, J.P. and William Lane Craig (2013) Philosophical Foundation of Christian
World View. Downers Grove Illinois: Intervarsity Press.
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
APPENDICES
A. Answer guide to the comprehension check
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
_____________________________________________ _____________
SIGNATURE OF INSTRUCTOR ABOVE PRINTED NAME DATE
Total
_____________________________________________ _____________
SIGNATURE OF INSTRUCTOR ABOVE PRINTED NAME DATE
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.
CRITERIA 3 2 1 SCORE
1. Relevance Very relevant to Moderately Least relevant
the theme relevant to the to the theme
(follows the theme (follows (deviates from
theme the theme but the theme)
accurately) with some
deviations)
2. Originality Most original Moderately Least original
and original
Creativity
3. Visual Most attractive Moderately Least attractive
Appeal (colorful and attractive (dull, not
catchy) (adds some catchy)
colors; slightly
catchy)
4. Clarity of Clearest (clearly Clearer Clear
the Message communicates (communicates (communicates
the message) the message the message
but few details but many
hinder the details hinder
understanding the
of the understanding
message) of the message)
5. Conciseness Uses exact Uses some Uses
details that unnecessary overcrowding
convey message details details
TOTAL SCORE
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SIGNATURE OF INSTRUCTOR ABOVE PRINTED NAME
DATE_____________________
VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.