QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY

DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

I. MODULE 2 – Learning Episode 6

Looking at the Lens of Educational System

II. COMPETENCIES
At the end of the learning episode, the students should be able to:
1. trace the historical perspectives of Philippine Educational System;
2. compare and contrast the significant changes of the educational system of
the Philippines; and
3. analyze the history, related laws, development of Philippine Educational
System.

III. DISCUSSION

The history of education in the Philippines has undergone several stages of

development from the Pre-Spanish to present. Indeed, education serves as focus of
emphasis of leadership at a certain period in our national struggle.
As reflected in the history of the educational systems of the country, here are
some of the salient features and significant perspectives:
(1) Children were provided with more vocational trainings and less academics
(3R’s were provided by their parents);
(2) Education was religion-oriented;
(3) Education was for the elite;
(4) Access to education was liberalized through Educational Decree of 1863
which provides primary school;
(5) The defeat of Spain by American forces paved the way for Aguinaldo’s
Republic under a Revolutionary Government;
(6) Schools were maintained by Spain for more than three centuries;
(7) A system of free and compulsory elementary education was established by
the Malolos Constitution; and
(8) A centralized school system was installed in 1901 by the Phil
Commonwealth.
Educational System Development

Year Official Name of Department Official Titular Head Legal Bases

General
1916 Department of Public Instruction Act. No. 74
Superintendent

Organic Act Law of

1942 Department of Public Instruction Secretary
1916(Jones Law)

Dept. of Education, Health and Renamed by (1942)

1944 Commissioner
Public Welfare Japanese Exec Com
Renamed by Japanese
Dept. of Education, Health and
Minister Sponsored Philippine
Public Welfare
Republic
Renamed by Japanese
Department of Public Instruction Secretary
Sponsored Phil Republic

1946 Department of Public Instruction and Secretary Renamed by the

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”

 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

Commonwealth
Information
Government
Renamed by the
1947 Department of Instruction Secretary Commonwealth
Government

Executive Order No. 94,

1975 Department of Education Secretary 1947 (Reorganization Act
1947)

Department of Education and Proc. No. 1081, Sept,

1978 Secretary
Culture 1972

1984 Ministry of Education and Culture Minister P.D. 72, June 2, 1978

Ministry of Education and Culture

1986 Minister Education Act of 1982
and Sports

Department of Education Culture

1994 Secretary E.O. No.117, Jan 30, 1987
and Sports

RA 7722 and 7796, 1994

Department of Education Culture
2001 Secretary Trifocalization of
and Sports
Education Management

RA 9155, Aug 2001

Present Department of Education Secretary (Governance of Basic
Education Act.

MAJOR LAWS OF THE CURRENT PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

1987 CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV: EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,

ARTS, CULTURE AND SPORTS
• Quality education accessible to all. (Section 1)

• Complete, adequate, and integrated relevant education. (2.1.)

• Free public education in the elementary and high school level. (2.2.)

• Scholarship grants, loans, subsidies and other incentives to deserving students

in both private and public schools. (2.3.)

• Non-formal, formal, and indigenous learning systems. (2.4)

• Vocational training to adults, disabled and out of school youth. (2.5)

• Study of the constitution. (3.1)

• Study of values. (3.2.)

• Optional religious instruction in public schools. (3.3.)

• Supervision and regulation of all schools. (3.4.)

• Control and administration of schools by Filipinos. (3.5)

• Exemption from taxes and duties. (3.6.)

• Academic freedom in institutions in higher learning. (5.2,3,4.)

• Assigning highest budget priority to education. (5.5.)

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”

 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

• National language is Filipino. (6.1.)

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 6 – AN EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT DECREE OF

1972
• Goals of the educational system (2, a – c)
– To achieve and maintain an accelerating rate of economic development
and social progress.
– To assure of maximum participation of all the people in the attainment
and enjoyment of the benefits of such growth.
– To strengthen national consciousness and promote desirable cultural
values in a changing world.
 Educational projects to attain objectives
 Management studies by the DECS.
 Improvement of secondary schools which include services, facilities,
equipment and curriculum.
 Upgrading and improvement of technical institutions, skill – training
centers and other non-training programs for the out of school youth
and the unemployed.
 Curriculum and staff development including mathematics and science
teaching.
 Expansion of agricultural secondary and higher education programs.
 Textbooks and instructional materials.
 Assistance and incentives
BATAS PAMBANSA BLG 232 – “EDUCATION ACT OF 1982”
Goals
– Achieve and maintain an accelerating rate of economic development and
social progress;
– Assure the maximum participation of all people in the attainment and
employment of such growth, and
– Achieve and strengthen national unity and consciousness and preserve,
develop and promote desirable culture, moral, and spiritual values in a
changing world.
Aims

1. Provide for a broad general education that will assist each individual in the peculiar
ecology of his own society, to:

– attain his potentials as human beings;

– enhance the range and quality of individual and group participation in
the basic functions of society, and
– acquire essential educational foundations of his development into a
productive and versatile citizen.

2. Train the nation’s manpower in the middle – level skills required for national
development;

3. Develop the profession that will provide leadership for the nation in the
advancement of knowledge for improving the quality of human life; and

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”

 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

4. Respond effectively to changing needs and conditions of the nations through a

system educational planning and evaluation.

Rights and Duties of Parents in the Education of their Children

Rights

– Right to organize themselves and/or with teachers for the discussion

betterment of the school.

– Right to access to any official record concerning the children who are
under their parental responsibility.

Duties

– Duty to help carry out the educational objectives in accordance with

national goals.

– Duty to enable their children to obtain elementary education and shall

strive to enable them to obtain secondary or higher education in the
pursuance of the right formation of the youth.

– Duty to cooperate with the school in the implementation of the school

program.

Rights of Students

– Right to receive, primarily through competent instruction, relevant

quality education in line with national development goals and conducive
to their full development as persons with human dignity.

– Right to freely choose their field of study subject to existing course

therein up to graduation, except in cases of academic deficiency or
disciplinary regulations.

– Right to school guidance and counselling services.

– Right of access to his own school records, the confidentiality of which

the school shall maintain and preserve.

– Right to the issuance of official certificates, diplomas, transcript of

records, grades, transfer credentials, and other similar documents
within thirty days of request.

– Right to publish a school newspaper.

– Right to free expression of opinions and suggestions and to effective

channels of communication.

– Right to form, establish, and join organizations.

– Right to be free from involuntary contributions, except those approve by

their own organizations or societies.

Duties of Students

– Duty to exert his utmost to develop his potentialities.

– Duty to uphold the academic integrity of the school.

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”

 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

– Duty to promote the peace and tranquility of the school.

– Duty to participate actively in civic affairs, and in the promotion of the
general welfare.
– Duty to exert his rights responsibly.

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 117, s. 1987 (REORGANIZATION OF DECS)

The Department shall be responsible for the formulation, planning,

implementation, and coordination of policies, plans, programs and projects in the
areas of formal and non – formal education at all levels: elementary, secondary,
higher, technical – vocational, non – formal, sports and culture.

RA 7722: HIGHER EDUCATION ACT OF 1994

An act creating the Commission on Higher Education

RA 7796: AN ACT CREATING THE TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS

DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY OF 1994

  An act creating the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority.

RA 9155: AN ACT INSTITUTING A FRAMEWORK OF GOVERNANCE FOR BASIC

EDUCATION, ESTABLISHING AUTHORITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY, RENAMING
THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORTS AS THE
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

• Authored by former senator Tessie Aquino – Oreta.

• DECS (Department of Education, Culture and Sports) was renamed DEpEd
(Department of Education).
• Governance of Basic Education starts at National level, but it is in the Regional,
Division, District and School level where the policies and principles are
translated into projects, programs, and services developed, offered to fit local
needs.

IV. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITIES

Direction: Answer the following questions substantially.

1. Make a data retrieval chart or timeline about the development of the

educational system of the Philippines.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. Read and comment on Executive Order NO. 117, s. 1987.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”

 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

3. What are the similarities and differences of the basic education (DepEd), Higher
Education Institution (HEI) and TESDA.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

4. What educational practices and programs are aligned to RA 9155?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5. Explain the concept of trifocalization. State the functions of each agency in the
education system.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

V. COMPREHENSION CHECK
Direction: Identify whether the statement is true or false based on the discussion. On
the blank provided, write R if the statement is true, and write G if it is false.
______1. During the early period of education, children were provided more with
vocational trainings than academics.
______2. Schools were maintained by the Spaniards for more than four centuries.
______3. The current Department of Education was created through RA 9155
otherwise known as Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001.
______4. Batas Pambansa Bilang 232 which is also known as Education Act of 1982
provides the strengthening of national unity and consciousness and preserve, develop
and promote desirable culture, moral, and spiritual values in a changing world.
______5. Every student has the right to choose his/her field of study in spite of any
restriction.
VI. ASSIGNMENT
Task 1. Come up with a narrative of your experience during your elementary days. Be
guided with these questions:
a. How did you learn your early alphabets and numbers?
b. How were you trained with outside classroom activities (for example,
gardening, cooking)?
c. Have you experienced joining co-curricular competitions? If so, relate
your own story.

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”

 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

APPENDICES
A. Answer Key to Comprehension Check
1. R
2. G
3. R
4. R
5. G

B. Rubric in checking the self-paced learning module (per learning episode)

Name of the Student:___________________________________ Date Submitted:_____________
Year and Section:_____________________________ Course:____________________
PARTS Exemplary Superior Satisfactory Needs
Improvement
Learning All tasks were All or nearly all Nearly all tasks Fewer than half
Activities done with tasks were done were done with of the tasks
outstanding with high quality acceptable were done; or
quality; work quality most objectives
exceeds were met but
expectations need
improvement
5 4 3 2
Assignment All tasks were All tasks were Tasks were not Tasks were not
accomplished accomplished accomplished accomplished;
completely; in completely; clear completely; grammar and
depth answers; connection with vaguely related spelling are
thoroughly theories, to the theories; unsatisfactory
grounded on grammar and grammar and
theories, with spelling are spelling are
exemplary superior acceptable
grammar and
spelling
5 4 3 2
Assessment All questions There is one Two mistakes Three mistakes
were answered mistake were committed were committed
with perfect committed
score
5 4 3 2
Submission of Submitted before Submitted on the Submitted a Submitted two
learning the deadline deadline day after the days or more
episodes deadline after the
deadline
5 4 3 2
COMMENTS Overall score Rating
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

TRANSMUTATION OF SCORE TO GRADE/RATING

Score 20 19-18 17 16 15 14 13-12 11 10 9-8 7 below
Rating 1.0 1.25 1.5 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.5 5.00
99 96 93 90 87 84 81 78 75 72 71-
below

_____________________________________________ _____________
SIGNATURE OF INSTRUCTOR ABOVE PRINTED NAME DATE

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”

 QUIRINO STATE UNIVERSITY
DIFFUN CAMPUS
Diffun, 3401 Quirino

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

C. Rubric in checking their narratives

Name of the Student:___________________________________ Date Submitted:_____________
Year and Section:_____________________________ Course:____________________
Categories Criteria Score
2 3 4 5
Correct use of Correct use of Correct use of Correct use of
punctuation punctuation punctuation punctuation
marks, marks, marks, marks,
indention, indention, indention, indention,
Mechanics
margin, and margin, and margin, and margin, and
the likes is the likes is not the likes is the likes is
totally observed well remarkable highly
neglected remarkable
The entire Major parts of There are The entire
output is with the output is some missing output is with
a mess missing details in the sufficient
Content
content content content

Ideas are Majority of the Some ideas Ideas are

cluttered and ideas are not are not logically
Organization disarranged properly properly presented
presented in arranged
order
Sentences and Majority of the Some Sentences and
paragraphs sentences and sentences and paragraphs are
are not paragraphs paragraphs interconnected
Coherence
connected and are are not well
related with interconnected interconnected
each other
Sentences are Majority of the Some Sentences are
long and going sentences are sentences are short, simple
around the long, complex long, complex and easy to
Conciseness
bush and difficult to and difficult to understand
understand understand

Total

_____________________________________________ _____________
SIGNATURE OF INSTRUCTOR ABOVE PRINTED NAME DATE

VISION MISSION
The leading center for academic and technological excellence Develop competent and morally upright professionals and generate
and prime catalyst for a progressive and sustainable Quirino appropriate knowledge and technologies to meet the needs of Quirino
Province and Southern Cagayan Valley. Province and Southern Cagayan Valley.

“Molding Minds, Shaping Future”