11.

A
Design a rectangular column of 4 m unsupported length, restrained in position and
direction at both ends to carry an axial load of 1000kN. Used materials are M 20
Concrete and FE415 steel.
Given:

Unsupported length of the column = 4m = 4000 mm

Axial load (P) = 1000 kN

Grade of concrete = M20 fck = 20 N/mm2

Grade of steel = FE415 fy = 415 N/mm2

End Conditions = Restrained in position and direction at both the ends

Solution:

Step 1 : Effective length and Ultimate Load :

Effective length of the column Leff = 0.65 L (Restrained in position and direction at both the ends)

Leff = 0.65 * 4000 Leff = 2600 mm

Ultimate load of the column Pu = 1.5 * P

Pu = 1.5 * 1000 Pu = 1500 kN

Step 2 : Area of steel reinforcement required :

Assume, Area of steel reinforcement as 1% of Gross area of column

𝒆𝒎𝒊𝒏
Asc = 0.01 Ag and ≤ 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓
𝒃 (𝒐𝒓) 𝑫

Hence design equation for short column is applicable.

𝑷𝒖 = 𝟎. 𝟒 𝒇𝒄𝒌 𝑨𝒈 + (𝟎. 𝟔𝟕 𝒇𝒚 − 𝟎. 𝟒 𝒇𝒄𝒌 ) 𝑨𝒔𝒄

1500 x 103 = (0.4 * 20 * Ag) + (([0.67 * 415] – [0.4 * 20]) * 0.01 Ag )

1500000 = 8 Ag + 2.7005 Ag

10.7005 Ag = 15000000

15000000
Ag = Ag = 140180.36 mm2
10.7005

Asc = 0.01 Ag = 0.01 * 140180.36 Asc = 1401.80 mm2

Ag = Ac + Asc

140180.36 = Ac + 1401.80
 Ac = 138778.56 mm2

Step 3 : Dimensioning of Column:

Gross area of the column Ag = 140180.36

BxD = 140180.36 Assume B = 0.5 D
(0.5 D) x D = 140180.36
0.5 D2 = 140180.36
D2 = 280360.72
D = 529.49 mm D ≃ 600 mm
B = 0.5 * 600 B ≃ 300 mm
Size of the column is 300 mm x 600 mm
Step 4 : Design of Longitudinal Reinforcement :

Area of reinforcement required (Asc)Required = 1401.8 mm2

Let us provide 20 mm diameter bars as longitudinal reinforcement
𝝅
ast = 𝒅𝟐 = 𝜋
∗ 202 ast = 314.16 mm2
𝟒 4

𝑨𝒔𝒕
Number of bars, n= = 1401.8 = 4.46 n ≃ 6 Bars
𝒂𝒔𝒕 314.16

Check for Minimum reinforcement,

Ast min = 0.8 % Ag Ast Provided = n * ast

Ast min = 0.008 * (300*600) Ast Provided = 6 * 314.16
Ast min = 1440 mm2 Ast Provided = 1884.96 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast min

Hence, the Design of main longitudinal reinforcement is safe

Provide 6 # of 20 mm ø bars as main longitudinal reinforcements

Step 5 : Design of Transverse Reinforcement :

Let us provide lateral ties as transverse reinforcement

a) Diameter of Lateral ties:

➢ 6 mm
1 1
➢ x Main bar = x 20 = 5
4 4

Diameter of ties required = 6 mm (Greatest Value)

 Diameter of ties provided = 8 mm

b) Pitch of Lateral ties:

➢ Least lateral dimension = 300 mm
➢ 16 * Smallest Longitudinal bar = 16 * 20 = 400 mm
➢ 300 mm

Pitch of ties provided = 300 mm

Provide 8 mm ø lateral ties at 300 mm c/c

Step 6 : Detailing :