Alexis Marella Lab 3

Exercise 1: Evolutionary Process Identification

Part 1 – Process Identification

Scenario Evolutionary Process Specific Type of Process

Peppered Moth Coloration Natural selection Bottleneck

m
Anemophily Migration Genetic drif

er as
co
eH w
Human Influence on
Genetic drif Bottleneck
Elephant Seal Populations

o.
rs e Differential survival and
ou urc
Tay-Sachs Disease Genetic drif or Natural reproduction or Flounder
selection effect
o
aC s
vi y re

Part 2 – Examples of Evolutionary Processes

Scenario Evolutionary Process Specific Type of Process

ed d
ar stu

Differential survival
Darwin finches Natural selection
reproduction
is

Gray Tree frog Natural selection Adaption

Th

Antibiotics with bacteria Genetic drif Bottleneck

sh

Cheetahs Genetic drif Bottleneck

This study source was downloaded by 100000828664267 from CourseHero.com on 07-14-2021 13:31:41 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/38435388/Lab-3-Evolutionary-Processdocx/
 Questions
A. Natural selection can involve multiple evolutionary mechanisms. For the first scenario
presented in Part 1, discuss the evolutionary processes taking place and the effects on the
peppered moth coloration.
Peppered moths are known as “Darwin’s moth” because it’s one of the best examples that
contribute to Darwin’s great discovery, Natural selection. One of the mechanisms that occur in
the peppered moth is a genetic mutation. This affects the moths because of the different colors:
black and white and peppered. With this mutation occurring, the black moth isn’t able to blend
in as well as the white and peppered moth, making them to be seen easier by predators. Since
they are seen more clearly, the population of the black moths is less than the white, peppered
ones. Natural selection is the chance in the genetic population through sexual reproduction
(HandsOnLabs, 2019). The variation or different traits of a population influence their survival
rate. These traits are obtained through inheritance from previous generations (HandsOnLabs,

m
2019). The moths are demonstrating this by having different traits (white, spotted and black

er as
colors) that are able to enhance their chance of survival. Since the white moths have a more

co
favorable trait making them blend in easier, this makes them have a better survival rate.

eH w
o.
rs e
B. List and define the four evolutionary processes covered in this lesson.
ou urc
A. Mutation: primary source of genetic variation and are alterations in an organism’s DNA
sequencing. Mutations are also heritable and affect an organism’s genetic makeup.
o

(HandsOnLab, 2019)
aC s
vi y re

B. Migration: the movement of a population, group or individual which may result in the
introduction or removal of genetic material from one population to another if
interbreeding occurs. Migration results in the dispersion of gametes and offspring, or the
relocations of breeding individuals. (HandsOnLab, 2019)
ed d
ar stu

C. Genetic drift: Mechanism of evolution in which the allele frequencies of a population

change by chance. This can occur in all populations but effects in a small population are
stronger. (HandsOnLab, 2019)
is

D. Natural selection: Primary mechanisms of evolution, resulting in changes to the gene

pool of a population and subsequent populations from the sexual reproduction of
Th

beneficial traits. (HandsOnLab, 2019)

sh

C. List and describe the specific types of mutations covered in this lesson
A. Substitution: occurs when one nitrogenous base is exchanged for another, changes to
these nitrogenous bases results in codon changes. (HandsOnLab, 2019)

This study source was downloaded by 100000828664267 from CourseHero.com on 07-14-2021 13:31:41 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/38435388/Lab-3-Evolutionary-Processdocx/
 B. Deletion: results in a section of DNA being removed during replication. (HandsOnLab,
2019)
C. Insertion: results in extra base pairs being added into the DNA strand. (HandsOnLab,
2019)
D. Frame shift: result of an insertion or deletion that causes the message from a gene to no
longer translate, rendering them useless. (HandsOnLab, 2019)

Sources:
1. Bottlenecks and founder effect. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2019, from
https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/bottlenecks_01

m
er as
2. HandsOnLab. (n.d.). The Evolutionary Process. Retrieved February 15, 2019, from

co
https://ccco.desire2learn.com/d2l/le/content/2311864/viewContent/24403378/View

eH w
3. Peppered Moth and natural selection. (2009, July 31). Retrieved February 15, 2019,

o.
from http://www.mothscount.org/text/63/peppered_moth_and_natural_selection.html
rs e
ou urc
4. Rovira, M. (2015). anemophily | All you need is Biology.
Allyouneedisbiology.wordpress.com. Retrieved 15 February 2019, from
https://allyouneeisbiology.wordpress.com/tag/anemophily
o

4. Yokoyama, S. (1979, October). Role of genetic drift in the high frequency of Tay-
aC s
vi y re

Sachs disease among Ashkenazic Jews. Retrieved February 15, 2019, from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/525971
ed d
ar stu
is
Th
sh

This study source was downloaded by 100000828664267 from CourseHero.com on 07-14-2021 13:31:41 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/38435388/Lab-3-Evolutionary-Processdocx/
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)