INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT IN
TECHNOLOGY
SMART FUEL GAUGE WITH INTELLIGENT
HEADLAMP BEAM CONTROL USING RASPBERRY PI
__________________________________________________________________________________________
T.Aravinth1, V.Kasiviswanathan2, M.J.Prasanth3, P.R.Praveen4, k.Sambasiva Rao5
1,2,3,4
Student,5Assistant professor, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
ABSTRACT:In Morden, era technology development is
uncertain with no limits. Technology improvements helps in
minimising various problems. The production in automotive
sector increases from day to day with respect to the increase
in population. The dazzling light problems and the frequent
dipping of headlights by manual is causes fatigue to the
driver at peak traffic. The intelligent headlamp control with
LDR sensor can perform a great deal in reducing the
manual efforts and fatigue of drivers in dipping the
headlamp frequently while driving through highways with
heavy moving vehicles. Fuel dispensing station frauds is one
of the major crises that effects individual customers by
manipulating the dispensing meters. Some problems with
respect to the existing fuel measurement techniques are
recognized and hence a better smart sensing technology has
been developed, described and justified. Speedometers
improved from traditional analog meters to digital fuel
meters. Smart meters are much more accurate in producing
the result with price and quality. Hence, our paper briefly
discusses solution for petrol dispensing station frauds with
headlight beam control.
Keywords: Fuel Gauge, Adaptive headlights, Internet of
Things.
Introduction
On June 22, 2017, India today exposed an article how the
petrol pump mafia cheats consumers with a chip at ceramic
city of Khurja, special team went on an undercover operations
in busiest petrol pumps along the bulandshahr highway found
that each fuel dispenser were installed with third party chip.
With the help of solid grip chip in system, one can reduce fuel
flow without detection. These chips are remote control which
can turned on and off during the inspection just like a car lock
control. Chips helps to save 30gm (ml) in 5 litres that varies
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Volume-11,Issue-3(Mar-19)
ISSN (O) :- 2349-3585
from minimum of 20ml to 250ml [1]. The financial express
published an article related with petrol pump fraud in stealing
the fuel from consumers during the fuel are into the tank.
Based on the reports from financial express even though fuel-
dispensing machines installed in fuel dispensers say fuel
station ae designed to me more accurate in reproducing the
data on fuel quantity and price, which is related type of fuel
[2]. Miscreants have found a hi-tech device to deceive the
customers. Special task force that mainly aims to check fuel
theft raided fuel stations in Lucknow. Based on report from
task force found a minimum seven stations were rampant
stealing of petrol. 50ml for each 1-litre petrol turned into black
money.Each consumers gets only 950ml for 1 litre of petrol
while fuel pumped which means for every consumers the
petrol stations gets Rs.7.8 per litre and an average of 2000 to
40000 a day depending on the number of vehicles.
Government of India framed Legal Metrology Complaint
Tracking System (LMCTS) to help consumers to complaint
the problem. Similarly Bharat Petroleum, Indian oil,
Hindustan petroleum companies have their own website to
lodge complaints regarding fuel fraud. However to identify
frauds we need some high operating speed and secured
electronic device that help the consumer to identify the actual
litre and price which varies from day.Due to the rapid
development in transport sector large number of vehicles
move around the city around the clock. Transportation during
daytime is much safer when compared to the transportation
during nigh-time due to lack of visibility. To overcome the
lack of visibility headlamps with high beam and low beam
facility are used. According to the survey, 15% of road
accidents are due to high beam during transportation. Manual
dipping is not satisfactory in India due to variety of reasons
such as sheer physical strain in dipper operation, general
tendency to not paying more attention of dipping operation
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Paper Title:-SMART FUEL GAUGE WITH INTELLIGENT HEADLAMP BEAM CONTROL USING RASPBERRY PI

during critical vehicle meeting even in case of heavy loaded

vehicles, economic issues and social factor [3].A frequent
cause of night road accidents is due to the glaring effect
caused by vehicles blinds driver’s vision. It takes 3 to 8
seconds with healthy eyes the recover that may lead to
accidents.
RELATED WORK
Vehicle that runs in analog fuel meter [4] indicate three states
of fuel level, which are empty, half, and full. The driver must
judge the actual presence of fuel present in tank. However, the
driver does not have an idea about accurate level present in the Fig 1 Incoming light luminance vs distance
fuel tank. Digital fuel gauge is improved version of analog From the fig.1 incoming light luminance vs distance results
fuel gauge. Major difference between them is that presence of are plotted. It is found that when distance increases light
analog to digital convertors [5], with this driver may have the luminance becomes zero [8].
accurate knowledge about the fuel level that is inside the tank.
Digital fuel gauge uses float as a sensing element that is part
of analog fuel gauge. The analog fuel gauge send level data to
the analog to digital convertor. The analog to digital convertor
process the data such as quantization and sampling send the
digital signals to processor. The processor works on the data
has and displays [6] the data in speedometer or display. Most
of the petrol bunks today have frauds the pumps such that it
Fig 2 LDR Resistance vs Distance
displays the amount as entered but the quantity of fuel filled in
From the fig 2 LDR resistance vs distance values are plotted,
the customer’s tank is much lesser than the displayed value.
hence resistance of LDR increases with respect to increase in
[7] All the vehicles in India consist of analog meters hence it
distance [8].
is not possible to precisely know the amount of fuel currently
in the vehicle. It is not possible to cross check the quantity of
fuel filled in the petrol bunk.
EXISTING METHODOLOGY
The existing methodology aims to identify the level of fuel in
the tank-using float senor. Continuous improvements in fuel
level identification from traditional analog to digital fuel level
meters. Digital meters designed to manifest change in level in
fuel tank in higher accuracy. Inconvenience faced in this
methodology is that elevation of the float effects the tank level
so digital meter may produce false result due to elevation
problem. Implementation of high beam and low beam in
manual transmission to switch that is inaccurate due to human
factor. Automatic high beam and low beam switch over is
controlled with the help of LDR, Ultrasonic sensor, IR- Fig 3 Block Diagram of Existing Methodology
sensors. Digital fuel gauge focuses on creating a device that could help

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Paper Title:-SMART FUEL GAUGE WITH INTELLIGENT HEADLAMP BEAM CONTROL USING RASPBERRY PI

us to achieve the exact amount of fuel and mileage [6] of

vehicles display. It involves in manufacturing system that is
more reliable and easy to adapt or compatible in overall
design. The system comprises of fuel tank, analog fuel gauge,
battery, A/D convertor with display.
Drawbacks in Existing Methodology
Digital fuel gauge is the improved version in smart vehicle or
connected vehicle but it suffers from serious disadvantages are
listed below.
1. The main problem related with digital fuel gauge is the Fig 4 Block diagram of Proposed Methodology

elevation problem. Level of the float varies when tank is not at Dazzling light problem and frequent dripping of headlamp

0o. When head position of the tank is at -45o the float will cause 5% of road accidents during night. Automatic headlamp

move up, as result of change in float level meter shows high. control reduces Dazzling effect caused by automobile

When head position of the tank is at 90o the float will move headlamps. Thus, road accidents during night travel can be

down, as result of the change in float level meter shows low. reduced in great rate. Flow sensor send the data from fuel

Thus, elevation problem effects the meter at higher rate, tank. Since flow sensor send continuously varying input to

digital fuel gauge is not that precise for this kind of raspberry pi it must be signal condition hence signal condition

applications [9]. unit is available. Signal conditioning used in flow sensor is

2. The digital fuel meters suffers from slow speed of response analog to digital converter.

due to the response of float sensor is very low.

3. Digital fuel gauge also suffers from operating range level
because of float can be varied only above 5% and below 90%
that means if the capacity of the tank is 14 litres then operating
range of float sensor from 150 ml to 12.6 litres only.
4. Digital fuel meters helps only in estimating the litres present
in tank not that of fuel price change in that individual station.
Major problem related to digital fuel gauge could be analysed
in conditions such as when tank is partially full, quadrant full
condition. Existing fuel causes some errors in the digital fuel
gauge.
5. The response efficiency of the Float sensor low due to the
aging problem, quality, span of the float sensor. Fig 5 Flow chart of Proposed Methodology
PROPOSED METHODOLOGY LDR detect the presence of light that is present in forwarded
Fuel theft identification and control is main theme of smart headlamp with respect to the and hence send an active high
fuel gauge. To identify the fuel theft in fuel dispensing stations voltage signal to signal conditioning unit say IC 7805 which
smart fuel gauge can be used which measures the incoming acts sub system which works on the incoming data [10].Two
fuel to the fuel tank immediately during fuel refilling process. 12 volts relay that are available in the circuit, which connects
Based on fuel litres that are pumped into fuel tank and real in TTL logic. The relay driver send the necessary power and
time fuel price from the cloud which is volatile based on daily signal to make switching of relay circuits. The relay circuits
fuel price updates fuel litres and actual cost of the fuel will be helps in switching from high beam to low with respect to
displayed. vehicle.

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Table 1 Experimental Results of Flow Sensor

Sl.no Liter in (l) Price in (Rs)
1 2 170
2 3 255
3 0.5 42
4 1 85
5 7 595
6 4 340
7 5 425
8 1 85
9 0.75 63
10 5 425
Experimental Result 2: Automatic light dim and dip feature
of vehicles is done base on LDR. The response of the LDR is
show in 16 X 2 LCD display.

Fig 6 Experimental Setup

When the smart fuel gauge powered on the meter start to run
with reference to LDR sensor and after all computations are
completed, the meter send values to raspberry pi and then
displays the results.When the flow rate found the flow sensor
starts to run based all computations the raspberry pi gets the
data from think speak and prints the result.
RESULT ANALYSIS
Experimental Result 1: Petrol pumped into the tank through
flow sensor. The response of the flow sensor is show in 16 X 2
Fig 7 LDR Based Experimental test
LCD display.Thefig 5 represents the fuel-based test in which
The fig 6 represents the status of headlamp condition with
L indicates litres of fuel and R indicates the price that has to
respect to LDR. Based on experimental setup tests are
be paid. Based on experimental setup tests are conducted and
conducted and tabulated below
tabulated below
Table 2 Experimental Results of Headlamp Condition
Sl.no LDR Ohm in (Ω) Headlamp Status
1 50K LOW
2 0k HIGH
3 25k LOW
4 0k HIGH
5 30k LOW
6 15k LOW
7 17k LOW
8 0k HIGH
9 0k HIGH
10 10k LOW
CONCLUSION
The smart fuel gauge with intelligent headlamp control is a
smart indicating system. The improvements made to provide
accurate value in fuel indicators, cost efficient method of
Fig 7 Fuel Based Experiments headlamp switching provide safe travel experience. This

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mechanism has very good response time when compared to

traditional mechanism. Smart fuel gauge is cost efficient and
most reliable means of fuel indication. This method eliminates
fuel theft and night road accidents.
FUTURE SCOPE
Accurate fuel Price indication helps us to develop different
kinds of products such as Fuel adulteration identification,
Advance accident control system.
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