Q.N. 6.

1 (d)

Residual Plots for EFFECT

Normal Probability Plot Versus Fits
99
10
90
5

Residual
Percent

50
0
10
-5
1
-10 -5 0 5 10 30 36 42 48 54
Residual Fitted Value

Histogram Versus Order

6.0 Mean 4.440892E-16 10
StDev 4.367
4.5 N 24
Frequency

Residual 5

3.0
0
1.5
-5
0.0
-10 -5 0 5 10 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Residual Observation Order

The residuals appear to fit in a straight line. So, the error distribution is approximately normal.
There is some curving away of the plot from the fit. From the histogram plot also, we can see
that for the right side the frequency is very low. Thus, the error distribution does not fit, as
expected, in normal distribution.
The residual vs fitted value plots shows random pattern, thus constant variance. In terms of
model adequacy, all assumptions were met.
Q.N. 6.1 (e)

Main Effects Plot for EFFECT

Data Means
A B C

45.0

42.5
Mean

40.0

37.5

35.0
-1 +1 -1 +1 -1 +1

Interaction Plot for EFFECT

Data Means
-1 +1
50
A
-1
+1
40
A

30
50
B
-1
+1
40
B

30
50
C
-1
+1
40
C

30
-1 +1 -1 +1

From the interaction plot we can say that ,to increase the we should choose low level of cutting
speed(A), high level of tool geometry(B) and high level of cutting angle(C)
Q.N. 6.5(b)

Residual Plots for Response

Normal Probability Plot Versus Fits
99 4

90 2

Residual
Percent

50 0

-2
10
-4
1
-5.0 -2.5 0.0 2.5 5.0 20 30 40
Residual Fitted Value

Histogram Versus Order

4 Mean 4.440892E-16 4
StDev 2.187
N 16 2
3
Frequency

Residual

0
2

-2
1

-4
0
-4 -2 0 2 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Residual Observation Order

The residuals appear to fit in a straight line. So, the error distribution is approximately normal.
There is some curving away of the plot from the fit. Thus, the error distribution does not fit, as
expected, in normal distribution.
The residual vs fitted value plots shows random pattern, thus constant variance. In terms of
model adequacy, all assumptions were met.
Q.N. 6.5(c)

Interaction Plot for Response

Data Means

-1 1
40 A
-1
1
30
A

20

40 B
-1
1
30
B

20

-1 1

For low vibration, low level of bit size i.e. 1/16 in should be used. Once low bit size is chosen,
there is no significant dependence on cutting speed, i.e. both cutting speed works well.