Construction of Codes …

➢ Example of Analytical Method:

➢ Dividing X3.u(X) =X3+X5 +X6 by g(X)

g(x)

b(x)=1 0 0
Codeword = 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1
 Construction of Codes …
➢ Shift Register Method:
➢ Consider the (7,4) cyclic code Generated by 𝑔 𝑋 = 1 + 𝑋 + 𝑋 3 .
➢ Suppose that the message 𝑢 = 1011 is to be encoded.

Fig 7 Encoder Circuit for an (7,4) cyclic code Generated by

𝑔 𝑋 = 1 + 𝑋 + 𝑋3

2
 Construction of Codes …
➢ Example of Cyclic Encoding:

u=1011

𝑆1 = 𝑆0 + 𝑚 + 𝑆2
𝑆0 = 𝑆2 + 𝑚
𝑆2 = 𝑆1

After four shifts, the content of the register are (100).

Thus, the complete codeword is ( 1 0 0 1 0 1 1), and the code polynomial is
1+X3+X5+X6 Message bits
Parity bits
3
 Construction of Codes …
➢ Cyclic Decoding:
➢ A syndrome circuit for (7,4) cyclic code generated by

𝑔 𝑋 = 1 + 𝑋 + 𝑋 3.

➢ Suppose that the received vector is 𝑟 = (0 0 1 0 1 1 0)

➢ As the received vector is shifted in to the circuit, the register contents are
given in table – 4.

➢ At the end of seventh shift, the register contains the syndrome

𝑆 = 101

4
 Construction of Codes …
Consider r=(0010110) is received

r=(0010110)

Table 4 :Input & Register Content

Fig 8 Syndrome circuit for an (7,4) cyclic code

generated by g(X)=1+X+X3

5
 Construction of Codes …
Consider r=(0001011) is received
find the syndrome

r=(0001011)

Table 5 :Input & Register Content

Fig 9 Syndrome circuit for an (7,4) cyclic code

generated by g(X)=1+X+X3

6
 Construction of Codes …
Consider r=(1000101) is received
find the syndrome

r=(0001011)

Table 6 :Input & Register Content

Fig 10 Syndrome circuit for an (7,4) cyclic

code generated by g(X)=1+X+X3