See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/325060320

ICC pdf Paper

Conference Paper · May 2018

CITATIONS READS
0 76

3 authors:

Asish Kumar Prabal Pratap Singh

Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University
13 PUBLICATIONS   36 CITATIONS    8 PUBLICATIONS   9 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

Khem B Thapa
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University
81 PUBLICATIONS   732 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

Optics of one dimensional photonic crystals and their potential applications View project

Photonics View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Asish Kumar on 11 July 2018.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

A new idea for broad band reflector and tunable multichannel filter of one dimensional
symmetric photonic crystal with magnetized cold plasma defects
Asish Kumar, Prabal P. Singh, and Khem B. Thapa

Citation: AIP Conference Proceedings 1953, 060043 (2018); doi: 10.1063/1.5032774

View online: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5032774
View Table of Contents: http://aip.scitation.org/toc/apc/1953/1
Published by the American Institute of Physics

Articles you may be interested in

Multichannel tunable omnidirectional photonic band gaps of 1D ternary photonic crystal containing magnetized
cold plasma
Physics of Plasmas 25, 052103 (2018); 10.1063/1.5026547

External control of photonic bands in a magnetized cold plasma

AIP Conference Proceedings 1953, 060047 (2018); 10.1063/1.5032778
 A New Idea for Broad Band Reflector and Tunable
Multichannel Filter of One Dimensional Symmetric Photonic
Crystal with Magnetized Cold Plasma Defects
Asish Kumar1, Prabal P. Singh2 and Khem B. Thapa1*
1
Department of Applied Physics, School for Physical Sciences
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow
2
Department of Physics, University Institute of Engineering & Technology
Chhatrapati SahuJi Maharaj University, Kalyanpur, Kanpur
1*)
Corresponding author: khem.bhu@gmail.com
1)
Another author: kumar2013asish@gmail.com
2)
Another author: pratapprabal82@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT. The optical properties of one-dimensional periodic structure composed by SiO2 and dielectric (air) layers
with asymmetric and symmetric forms studied. The transmittance for symmetric periodic defective structure analyzed by
introducing one, two, three layers of magnetized cold plasma (MCP) in one-dimensional periodic structure. We found
better result for symmetric defect of three layer of the MCP compare to the other defective structures. On the basis of our
calculated results, we proposed a new idea for broadband reflector at lower frequency range as well as the multichannel
filter at higher frequency range.

INTRODUCTION
The precursor works of Yablonovitch and John in 1987 flush a new idea in the field of photonic crystals (PCs) [1,
2]. The study of photonic crystals has become popular and continues to be more excited for the optical community till
today. The essential physics of photonic crystals has unique property due to a band gap and such structures are called
as photonic band structure (PBS). The PBS is analogous to the electronic band structure (EBS) in solids. Photonic
crystals have received emerging attention in the field of solid state and optical physics due to exhibition of many
unique features [2, 3]. The photonic band gap (PBG) prohibits the propagation of an electromagnetic wave of certain
frequency through it or the periodic structures. Different periodic materials have been admitted to study and design
tunable PBG materials. The propagation of electromagnetic waves (EMW) inside the photonic crystal depends on the
several parameters like refractive index, contrast, incident wave, refractive index of material etc. The allowed
frequency inside the photonic crystal is known as mode and group of all allowed frequency modes are formed allowed
bands. On the other hand, the frequency modes are not allowed is called as Photonic Band Gaps (PBGs) [4, 5]. In
recent years, plasma PCs has attracted considerable attention due to their tunable characteristics, which is a periodic
arrangement of alternating thin plasma and dielectric material like vacuum. Plasma photonic band gap (PPBG) is
obtained due to the periodicity of thin plasma and dielectric materials. Plasma photonic band gap is tuned by the
various parameter of plasma like plasma density; effective collision frequency and thickness of plasma layer [6-8].
Recently magnetized cold plasma has attracted having external magnetic field as an extra parameter is called gyro-
effective frequency. The gyro-effective frequency depends upon applied magnetic fields of the magnetized cold
plasma. The right hand polarization (RHP) and left-hand polarization (LHP) MCP has negative and positive value of
the gyro-effective frequency respectively. The behavior of refractive index of magnetized cold plasma (MCP) shows
unusual due to the tunable parameters: external magnetic field, electron density and effective collision frequency. So,
all metal or dielectric material of the photonic crystal may be replaced by plasma for better controlled optical properties

2nd International Conference on Condensed Matter and Applied Physics (ICC 2017)
AIP Conf. Proc. 1953, 060043-1–060043-4; https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5032774
Published by AIP Publishing. 978-0-7354-1648-2/$30.00

060043-1
of the MCP. The periodic structure of vacuum and MCP materials is called one dimensional magnetic cold plasma
photonic crystal (1DMCPPC) [9-11]. Kong et al. [12] have discussed the transmittance of the one-dimensional
periodic photonic crystal with doped by magnetized cold plasma under the transverse electric (TE) wave and shown
the effective band filter due to the magnetized plasma defect as the function of magnetic field, electron density and
effective collision frequency. In this paper, we have studied the optical properties of one-dimensional periodic
structure composed by SiO2 and dielectric (air) layers with symmetric and asymmetric forms and also symmetric
periodic defective structure have analyzed by introducing one, two, three layers of magnetized cold plasma in one-
dimensional periodic structure, called defective magnetic cold plasma (MCP). In all MCP defect PC, we have
calculated the transmittance with varying the effective collision frequency and compared the transmittance for all three
defective MCP structure. The transmittance of considered periodic structures may be used for optical applications in
broad-band reflector and multichannel filter.

THEORETICAL WORK AND METHODOLOGY

The optical properties like transmittance, reflectance and band structure of the periodic structure are calculated
with the help of Transfer Matrix Method (TMM) [13]. One dimensional periodic crystal is composed by silicon
dioxide (SiO2) and dielectric/air. Consider the one dimensional periodic photonic crystal in asymmetric and symmetric
form in the following ways: (AB)N and (AB)N/2(BA)N/2. We also consider the structure with defect magnetized cold
plasma in the following ways: (AB)N/2(BCB)(BA)N/2, where A, B and C shows the SiO2, dielectric(air) and magnetized
cold plasma layers [12]. The complex permittvity and permeability of magnetized cold plasma layer(C) can be
expressed –

Z
2
μC=1 (1)
H
pe
1
Z 2 (1  i B Z le )
C
J
Z Z

Where- w, γ and Zle is the angular, effective and gyro-effective collision frequencies, ߱௣௘ is the plasma frequency,
2
Zpe ( n e e )1 / 2 , and Zle = e B/m (2)
m H0
Where- ne, m, ɛ0, e are the electron density, electronic mass, permittivity in free space and electronic charge
respectively [9].

no

Ɵi
A B A B A B B MCP B B A B A B A

Field

FIGURE 1: Schematic diagram of the symmetric photonic crystal with magnetized cold plasma (MCP) defect
The characteristic matrix for asymmetric (AB)N, symmetric (AB)N/2(BA)N/2 and defective symmetric (MAMB)N/2
(MBMCMB) (MBMA)N/2 structure is -
§ m1,1 m1, 2 ·
M(d) ¨¨ ¸
¸ (3)
© m 2,1 m 2, 2 ¹
Where M (d) = (MAMB)N/2 (MBMA)N/2 for symmetric structure
M (d) = (MAMB)N for asymmetric structure
M (d) = (MAMB)N/2 (MBMCMB) (MBMA)N/2 for defective symmetric structure.

060043-2
 Where- MA, MB and MC are the characteristics layer A, B and C respectively. The characteristic matrix Mi is
calculated through the following equations for the TE wave at the incident angle Ɵ0 from vacuum to a one
dimensional photonic crystal (PC) structure [13].
ª i º
« cos J i  sin J i »
pi (4)
Mi « »
«¬ip i sin J i cos J i »¼
Where γi= (w/c)nidicosƟi, c is the speed of light in vacuum, Ɵi is the ray angle inside layer i with refractive index as,
2 2
ni= Pi Hi , pi
Hi n sin T
cos Ti and cosƟi= 1  0 2 0 in which n0 is the refractive index of air where the incidence
Pi ni
wave tends to enter the structure. The transmission coefficient of the multilayer system is calculated by-
2p0
t (5)
(m11  m12 ps)p 0  (m21  m22 ps)

where p0= n0cosƟ0 and ps= nscosƟs, ns is the refractive index of the air, whose ray angle is Ɵs. the transitivity of the
multilayer is given by-

§ ps · 2
T= ¨¨ ¸¸ t (6)
© p0 ¹

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In this paper, we have studied the optical property of asymmetric, symmetric structure and defected symmetric
structure defect with magnetized cold plasma (MCP) materials of one dimensional photonic crystal. We presume in
our structure, material (A) silicon dioxide (SiO2), material (B) air and material (C) are magnetized cold plasma (MCP).
The parameters for material (A) are taken ɛA=4, μA=1 (nA=2), dA=0.0188m and for material (B) ɛB=1, μB=1 (nB=1),
dB=0.0375m [12].
(a)
(a)
1 1

0.5
T

0.5
T

0
0 1=0*107
J0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
(AB)6
J2=1*107 Frequency-[GHz]
0 (b)
J3=2*107
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 1
Frequency-[GHz] 0.5
T

(b)
1 0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Frequency-[GHz]
0.5 (c)
T

1
(AB)3(BA)3 0.5
T

0
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Frequency-[GHz] Frequency-[GHz]

FIGURE 2: Transmittance versus frequency for the periodic

structure composed by SiO2 and dielectric (air) layers: (a) FIGURE 3: shows the transmittance versus frequency with
asymmetric, (2) symmetric magnetized cold plasma defect for the symmetric structure:
(a) one MCP layer defect, (b) two MCP layer defect and three
MCP layer defects

060043-3
 Fig 2(a) reveal the transmittance of the asymmetric one dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC), in this we found a
band gap at the frequency range (1.5-2.5GHz), Similarly Fig. 2(b) shows the transmittance of the symmetric one
dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC), in which we found band gap with a sharp transmission peak at the frequency
(2.0GHz). The considered structures show a broad band filter as well as sharp transmission peak for one dimensional
photonic crystal for symmetric and asymmetric structures respectively. The transmittance of the considered symmetric
photonic crystal is broken into two equal parts due to symmetric periodicity comparison to asymmetric periodicity.
Fig 3(a, b, c) shows the transmittance of symmetric photonic crystal with defect magnetized cold plasma structure
with one, two and three defective MPC layer with varying effective collision frequency (γ=0x107, γ=1x107, γ=2x107).
In this calculation we have taken thickness of plasma layer 0.075m, external magnetic field (B=0.001T), and electron
density of MCP (0.79x1016/m3).
Fig 3(a) shows transmittance characteristic the defective periodic photonic crystal in which one layer is magnetized
cold plasma, the transmittance is varying at low frequency range and found two photonic band gaps at higher frequency
range. In fig 3(b) we study the transmittance characteristic of 1DPPC with two defect layer of magnetized cold plasma;
transmittance is decreased at low frequency and formed multiband at higher frequency range. The approximately zero
transmittance is found at low frequency range (0-0.5 GHz), this range acts as band reflector and sharp transmission
peaks are found at high frequency range (1.5-2.5 GHz) which may use as multichannel filter. Fig 3(c) is the study of
the transmittance characteristic of 1DPPC with three defect layer of magnetized cold plasma; in this defective periodic
photonic crystal structure the transmittance is zero at low frequency range (0-0.8 GHz) which may be used as broad
band filter and the multiband formation at higher frequency range may be used as multichannel filters. On the basis
of our calculated results, we proposed a new idea about the formation of band reflector at low frequency as well as
the multichannel filter at higher frequency range.

CONCLUSION
In this paper, we have studied the symmetric and asymmetric periodic multilayer composed of SiO2 and air as well
as symmetric structure defected with magnetized cold plasma. The photonic band gaps of the asymmetric as well as
symmetric periodic structure are studied by the transmittance property. For multi band photonic band gaps nature of
the symmetric structure, we introduced the defect magnetized cold plasma in between the symmetry structure and the
variation of transmittance at low frequency as well as at high frequency for defect of one MCP layer, two MCP layer
and three MCP layer are studied. The transmittance of the all the defective MPC in symmetric structure is compared
and a broad band reflector at low frequency range and the multichannel filter at high frequency for defect three
magnetized cold plasma layers are found.

REFERENCES
1. E. Yablonovitch, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2059–2062 (1987).
2. S. John, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2486–2489 (1987).
3. J. D. Joannopolos, R. D. Meade and J. N. Winn, Photonic crystals: Molding the flow of light (Princeton, NJ, USA:
Princeton Univ. Press, 1995).
4. Y. Fink, J. N. Winn, S. Fan, C. Chen, J. Michel, J. D. Joannopoulos and E. L. Thomas, Science 282, 1679–1682
(1998).
5. D. N. Chigrin, A. V. Lavrinenko, D. A. Yarotsky and S. V. Gaponenko, Appl. Phys. 68, 25 –28 (1999).
6. H. Hojo, K. Akimoto and A. Mase, Conference Digest on 28th Int. Conf. Infrared and Millimeter Waves 347-348
(Otsu, 2003).
7. H. Hitoshi and M. Atushi, Rapid Communications, 80, 89-90 (2004).
8. R. Kumar, Plasma Photonic Crystal (Photonic Crystals - Innovative Systems, Lasers and Waveguides, Dr.
Alessandro Massaro (Ed.), InTech 2012).
9. H. G. Booker, Cold Plasma Waves (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1984) pp. 23–25.
10. T. C. King, C. C. Yang, P. H. Hseih, T. W. Chang and C. J. Wu, Phy. E, 67, 7-11 (2015).
11. A. H. Aly, H. A. Elsayed, A. A. Ameen and S. H. Mohamed, Int. Jou. of Mod. Phy. B, 31, 1750239-9 (2017).
12. X. K. Kong, S. B. Liu, H. F. Jhang and C. Z. Li, Ame. Inst. of Phys., 17, 103506-5 (2010).
13. P. Yeh, Optical Waves in Layered Media (John Wiley & Amp; Sons, New York, 1988).

060043-4
View publication stats