Lanao School of Science and Technology, Inc.

Maranding, Lala, Lanao del Norte

1st Semester

MODULE
ON
PHILIPPINE
CULTURE

PREPARED BY:
Lizel g. valiente
 Philippine culture
Module 1: Introduction

HISTORY
Ferdinand Magellan first landed in the Philippines in 1521. The name Philippines
comes from Philip II who was the king of Spain during the 16th century when the
country became a Spanish colony.
The Philippines was granted to the United States in 1898 following the Spanish-
American War. In 1935 the Philippines became self-governing, but their
independence was delayed by World War II and the invasion of Japanese troops.

The islands were liberated by U.S. forces in 1944-45, and the Republic of the
Philippines was proclaimed in 1946, with a government patterned on that of the
United States.

In 1965 Ferdinand Marcos was elected president. He declared martial law in 1972,
which lasted until 1981. After 20 years of rule, Marcos was driven from power in
1986. Corazon Aquino became president and instituted a period of democratic rule
in the country.
 Philippine is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. It is an
archipelago made up of 7,106 islands located in relation to many of Southeast Asia's
main water bodies: the South China Sea, Philippine Sea, Sulu Sea, Celebes Sea,
and Luzon Strait.
Philippines are known for having an abundance of beautiful beaches and
delicious fruit. The collection of islands is located in Southeast Asia and was
named after King Philip II of Spain. The Philippines is made up of 7,641 islands,
making it one of the largest archipelagos in the world.
The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in
Southeast Asia. It is situated in the western Pacific Ocean, and consists of about
7,640 islands, that are broadly categorized under three main geographical divisions
from north to south: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.

What is the original name of the Philippines?

Las Islas Filipinas
A Spanish explorer first named the archipelago Las Islas Filipinas (Philippine
Islands) in honor of Spain's King Philip II. Spain ruled the Philippines for three
centuries, then the U.S. occupied it for 48 years. "Someday, let's change it," Duterte
said.

. What is the most common Filipino last name?

Most Common Last Names In Philippines

rank surname incidence

1 Dela cruz 625,640

2 Garcia 441,075
3 Reyes 412,750
4 Ramos 375,999
Philippine culture

Name:

Activity:
Make your own poem or song in titled
PHILIPPINES in a short bond paper.
MODULE 2:

CULTURE
What is culture?
Culture is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior and
norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws,
customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups. 
Culture is the patterns of learned and shared behavior and beliefs of a
particular social, ethnic, or age group. It can also be described as the complex whole
of collective human beliefs with a structured stage of civilization that can be specific
to a nation or time period. Humans in turn use culture to adapt and transform the
world they live in.
Culture is from the Latin root word colere meaning to inhabit which later
developed to colonus or colony Latin: coulter which means cultivation or tending French
couture which suggests fashion Germanic kultur which is synonymous with civilization
English mime-word culchah which suggests refinemen

What is culture and example?

Culture is the beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other characteristics shared by
groups of people. Some cultures place significant value in things such as
ceremonial artifacts, jewelry, or even clothing. For example, Christmas trees can be
considered ceremonial or cultural objects.

The anthropological study of culture can be organized along two persistent and basic
themes: Diversity and Change.

Change. Culture generally changes for one of two reasons: selective transmission or
to meet changing needs. This means that when a village or culture is met with new
challenges for example a loss of a food source, they must change the way they live.
This could mean almost anything to the culture, including possible forced
redistribution of, or relocation from ancestral domains due to external and/or internal
forces.
Culture is:

•Learned through active teaching, and passive habitus.

•Shared meaning that it defines a group and meets common needs.
•Patterned meaning that that there is a recourse of similar ideas. Related cultural beliefs
and practices show up repeatedly in different areas of social life.
•Adaptive which helps individuals meet needs across variable environments.
•Symbolic which means that there are simple and arbitrary signs that represent something
else, something more.
 

What is changing the culture?

 Modification of a society through innovation, invention, discovery, or
contact with other societies.

What causes culture to change?

Cultural change can have many causes, including the environment,
technological inventions, and contact with other cultures. ... Additionally,
cultural ideas may transfer from one society to another, through diffusion or
acculturation. Discovery and invention are mechanisms of social and cultural
change.

What is Cultural Diversity?

Cultural Diversity is the existence of a variety of cultural groups within a society.

Cultural diversity is about appreciating that society is made up of many
different groups with different interests, skills, talents and. needs. It also means
that you recognize that people in society can have differing religious beliefs and
sexual orientations to you.

What is cultural diversity and why is it important?

Learning about other cultures helps, we understand different perspectives within the
world in which we live. It helps dispel negative stereotypes and personal biases
about different groups. In addition, cultural diversity helps us recognize and
respect “ways of being” that are not necessarily our own.

Why do we need diversity?

Diversity enhances creativity. It encourages the search for novel information and
perspectives, leading to better decision making and problem solving. Diversity can
improve the bottom line of companies and lead to unfettered discoveries and
breakthrough innovations.

What diversity means to you?

It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our
individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity,
gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious
beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies.

“Culture” vs. “culture”

At its most basic level, the difference between Culture and culture is in the way they
are defined. Culture with a capital C refers to the ability of the human species to
absorb and imitate patterned and symbolic ideas that ultimately further their survival.
Culture is a trait all humans have, whereas culture with a lower case c refers to a
particular learned way of life and set of patterns an individual person has picked up,
representing one variation amongst many different cultures.

“Petty apartheid”: sign on Durban beach in English, Afrikaansand Zulu (1989)

The concept of Culture vs. culture becomes more complex when it comes to how the
two terms are misinterpreted and misused. Originally the overlap of the two concepts
had a positive effect, especially during colonial times; it helped spread the idea that
vulnerable seemingly “primitive” and “uncivilized” cultures had some intrinsic value
and deserved protection from other more dominating cultures. But there are
drawbacks to this mentality, as it assumes first that culture is a static thing that it can
be preserved, unchanged by the changing people and times it runs into. It also
assumes that the people accept at face value and do not wish to change their
patterns or ways of life. If people then do change, often they are criticized by
member from within and outside their own culture for not valuing ‘authenticity’ and
tradition. This relates to the Culture vs. culture in that anthropology’s focus and
appreciation of Culture and how it develops differently can be twisted when talking
about Cultural relativism or human rights. Appreciation and defense of Culture does
not imply blind tolerance to all aspects of all cultures. A pertinent example of this
would be Female Genital Cutting and how as an aspect of little c culture, it can be
examined and judged a violation of human rights. This does not however, diminish
an anthropologist’s appreciation for the ability of the human being to develop Culture.

References
1. Jump up↑ “African People & Culture – Ashanti”.
2. Jump up↑ “Japanese Hip Hop and the Globalization of Popular Culture” Ian Condry
3. Jump up↑ Southern California Quarterly “Cinco de Mayo’s First Seventy-Five Years
in Alta California: From Spontaneous Behavior to Sedimented Memory, 1862 to 1937”
Spring 2007 (see American observation of Cinco de Mayo started in California)
accessed Oct 30, 2007

Philippine culture

Name:

Activity:

Write a 3 paragraph for your own understanding about culture.

Module 3:
Philippine culture
What is Philippine Culture?

The culture of the Philippines comprises a blend of traditional Filipino and Spanish
Catholic traditions, with influences from America and other parts of Asia. The Filipinos are
family oriented and often religious with an appreciation for art, fashion, music and food.

The Philippines is a culture in which East meets West. The Filipino people have a
distinct Asian background, with a strong Western tradition. The modern Filipino
culture developed through influence from Chinease traders, Spanish conquistadors,
and American rulers. Filipino people tend to be very hospitable, especially to
Western visitors (1). Because of their strong ties to Spanish culture, Filipinos are
emotional and passionate about life in a way that seems more Latin than Asian (1).
This is easily seen in the works of comporary artists such as Rody Herrera in his
painting Unahan Sa Duluhan.

The family is the basic and most important aspect of Filipino culture. Divorce is
prohibited and annulments are rare (2). The family is the safety net for indivuduals,
especially older people, during difficult economic times. Children will often stay with
their parents into adulthood, only leaving when they get married (2). Political and
business ties are often influenced by family relationships (2).

Two traits that many foreign visitors often have a difficult time understanding
are Pakikisama and Utang na Loob. Pakikisama roughly means "getting along" and
requires individuals overlook slight improprieties or indiscretions for the sake of
preserving peace within the family, personal, or business relationship. Utang na
Loob refers to the custom of paying back one favor with another (2). These traits
emphasize the importance that Filipino people place on maintaining pleasant
interpersonal relationships and putting the needs of the group ahead of the
individual.
 More than 80% of the population of the Philippines is Roman Catholic. Fiestas in
honor of the patron saint of a town are quite common. Criticism of the Catholic
church is not taken lightly - and should be avoided (2).

In the Philippines, people greet each other with a handshake. A smile or raised
eyebrows can mean "Hello" or "Yes". Someone can be summoned with a downward
wave of the hand (3).

What is important to Filipino culture?

Filipino people tend to be very hospitable, especially to Western visitors (1). Because
of their strong ties to Spanish culture, Filipinos are emotional and passionate about
life in a way that seems more Latin than Asian (1).

The family is the basic and most important aspect of Filipino culture.

What is a family culture?

Family culture can relate to just your immediate family or be representative of your
extended family and ancestors. ... Put these words together and the definition of
family culture is "a particular set of customs, morals, codes, and traditions
shared by a social group of related people."
What are the Filipino family values?
Filipino values
 Family orientation. The basic and most important unit of a Filipino's life is the
family.
 Joy and humor.
 Flexibility, adaptability, and creativity.
 Religious adherence.
 Ability to survive.
 Hard work and industriousness.
 Hospitality.
Family values involve all the ideas of how you want to live your family life, and they are
often passed down from previous generations.

Moral Values
 Being honest and trustworthy.
 Being courageous.
 Never giving up.
 Adding value to the world.
 Being patient.
 Taking personal responsibility
.
Filipino value system or Filipino values refers to the set of values that a majority of the
Filipino have historically held important in their lives. This Philippine values system includes
their own unique assemblage of consistent ideologies, moral codes, ethical
practices, etiquette and cultural and personal values that are promoted by their society. As
with any society though, the values that an individual holds sacred can differ on the basis of
religion, upbringing and other factors.

What is the unique culture of Filipino family?

Filipinos are known for having strong and close family ties. They place high
regard and put importance on their family before anything else. They work all day
and do all they can to feed and provide for their family. In other countries, when a
person turned 18, he/she can live away from his/her family.

What is a typical family like in the Philippines?

In the Philippines, family life is highly treasured, and households often include
extended family.
 .

Bonding time Eat together

Philippine culture

Name:

Activity:

Make a slogan or a poster about your family.

Module 4:

Fiesta Culture

What is fiesta culture?

A festival or commonly known as a “Fiesta” is part of the Filipino culture.
Each city or province has a local fiesta. Being a very religious centered country, a
fiesta is commonly about the celebration of a city or province's patron saint or of
harvest. There is a fiesta going on at any time in the Philippines .

Philippine festivals begin

It began as a simple celebration of thanksgiving back in the 15th century, when

farmers offered their harvests at the foot Mount Banahaw—a practice that
 carried on after the first Church was established and saw natives offering their fresh
farm produce to St.

Philippine festivals are celebrations to express gratitude for a good harvest in honor
of the town's patron saint. For many Filipinos, fiestas are important because of the
miraculous power of the saints. It is believed that the saints are responsible for all
the good fortune and favor one receives.

Philippine festivals are town fiestas celebrating moments in history that defined

identity, polity and locality. Celebration of the arts and culture, albeit made central to
these festivities, only comes as a texture instead of text in the whole exercise of the
Festival. Traditionally, the fiesta is a time of joyful celebration for Filipinos, so we
cook heaps of hearty food, throw open their doors to visitors, and watch parade in
the streets.

The biggest Philippine festivals you must experience:

 Sinulog Festival – Cebu.
 Ati-Atihan Festival – Aklan.
 Dinagyang Festival – Iloilo City.
 Pahiyas Festival – Lucban, Quezon.
 Panagbenga Festival – Baguio City.
 Lechon Festival – Batangas.
 Kadayawan Festival – Davao City.
 Mass Kara Festival – Bacolod.

What do fiestas symbolize in the Philippine tradition?

When the first colonizers noticed the early Filipinos' love for celebrations, they
used fiestas as a way to entice the natives. ... The colorful banderitas (flag
lets), the abundant food and the carrozas (parade floats) have all become
symbolic of Filipino spirit and warmth.

Religious festival in the Philippines

Most fiestas are celebrated among patron saints and or the major events in the life of
Jesus Christ and His Mother. Examples are Christmas, Quiapo Fiesta, Ati-atihan,
Holy Week, Santacruzan, Peñafrancia Fluvial Festival, Antipolo Pilgrimage, Obando
Fertility Rites and Carabao Festival.

Bayanihan Filipino culture

Bayanihan (buy-uh-nee-hun) is a Filipino custom derived from the Tagalog word
“bayan” for nation, town or community. Bayanihan literally means “being in a bayan”
and it refers to a fundamental aspect of Filipino culture: working together as a
community to achieve a common goal.

Bayanihan (pronounced as buy-uh-nee-hun) is a form of communal work practiced in

the Phillipines. The word means “being in a bayan”, which in turn means nation,
town or community in Visayan language (or Tagalog?). Bayanihan refers to the spirit
of communal unity, work and cooperation to achieve a particular goal

Bayanihan is one of the traditions in the Philippines that shows a true sign of

community spirit. It is where cooperative undertaking takes place with each individual
effort. It is the art of working together.

In the Philippines, the Bayanihan spirit is one of communal unity, helping others without
expecting rewards, to achieve a certain goal. In earlier days, when houses were made of
lighter materials such as coconut leaves, Bayanihan also meant helping one's neighbours
move their house — literally.

Bayanihan is a Filipino culture that demonstrates our appreciation of living

heroism. Bayanihan is based on our love of nation, caring for others, and
willingness to act in times of need.
Some example pictures in Bayanihan:
 Philippine culture

Name:

Activity:
.
Give the description of the following:

 Sinulog Festival – Cebu.

 Ati-Atihan Festival – Aklan.
 Dinagyang Festival – Iloilo City.
 Pahiyas Festival – Lucban, Quezon.
 Panagbenga Festival – Baguio City.
 Lechon Festival – Batangas.
 Kadayawan Festival – Davao City.
 Mass Kara Festival – Bacolod.
Make a photo collage about Bayanihan in your Barangay and give a little description.