Description - CRA Framework: Use of hands-on activities with

manipulatives, use of visual representations, & students

demonstrate the ability to comprehend & access numbers &
symbols w/o concrete or representational scaffolds
(Agrawal & Morin, 2016).

Ideas for - In order to implement CRA, explicit instruction must occur

Implementation - Explicit instruction:
- Advanced organizer
- Teacher demonstration
- Guided practice
- Independent practice
- Problem-solving practice
- Feedback
- (SI) Supplemental Instruction:
- Step-by-step instruction (mnemonic device)
- DRAW: Discover the sing, read the problem,
answer & check, write the answer
- RENAME (addition & subtraction) Read the
problem, examine the ones column, note ones
in the ones column, address the tens column,
mark tens in the tens column, examine &
notes hundreds & check
- In the article from Agrawal and Morin (2016), there are
multiple websites and tools that provide support for
educators and offer a variety of math resources.

Agrawal, J., & Morin, L. L. (2016). Evidence-Based Practices: Applications of Concrete

Representational Abstract Framework across Math Concepts for Students

with Mathematics Disabilities. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 31(1),

34–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/ldrp.12093