DATU

-head of visayans community

-spaniards called principal, chief or a “a lord of vassals” and kadatoan.
-word meant both a political office and a social classes

kadatoan- autonomous datu

sabali-someone who rose from the social order by marrying a datu
binokot-secluded
sandil-datu's second wife
tumao-offspring of a datu and sandil (if sandil is a high rank himself/herself, timawa only if a lower rank)
Kalibutan- mixed ancestry on 4 sides
lubus nga datu- unmixed ancestry
primus inter pares- pangulo; head or leader of the tribe
kaponoan- most sovereign
makaporos nga datu- a unifying chief

Controlled seaports with foreign trade

rajah-ruler
batara- noble lord
Sarripada- his highness

pamalpagan- courageous and frightening datu

bahandi-heirloom wealth
honos- anchorage fees
bihit- tarrifs on domestic/foreign imports
lopig- discount
atubang sa datu- privy counselor
paragahin-collector, distributes money and goods to datu's kinship
bilanggo- keeps inmates
bilanggowan- house of the bilanggo that is being used as a jail
tumao-sandig sa datu, supporter of the datu
himuka-gift as permission to marry( given by a timawa)
bawbaw- gift of someone who is awarded in the decision from a lawsuit
takay-divide the datu's palay to oripun that will be milled for him.

timawa- free men

timawa- freed men; offspring of a datu and a slave concubine
matitimawa- when one is recognized as truly free
ginoo- slave that is freed by his/her own master
buhis or handug- pay tribute to transfer allegiance to another datu
timindok- a word used to belittle a wealthy timawa that acts like a datu

Oripun
Oripun- udip meaning to let live
bihag-captives of war
botong- a bihag that is branded as expensive merchandise
hayohay or ayuey- most enslaved; depends solely on the datu
mamahay or tuhay- gives the datu a portion of their crops
bulan- half slaves
gintubo- a child born and raised in the datu's household
sibin or ginogalan- a gintubo turned favorite
ginlubos- offspring of two household slaves, both parents were house-born slaves
lubos nga oripun- fourth generation slave
tumaranpok- a slave that inherited its parents' debts
kabalangay- men that sold himself or his children
horohan-lower echelon military services as oarsmen
Quarter slaves- three of their grandparents were nonslaves
Tumataban slaves- bonded for 6 pesos in the 1580’s, 5 days labor per month
Dagupan- vassalage fee

Debt and dependence

-Relationships in which one person was dependent on the decision of another
Tagolaling- favor granted by a master to a slave for him to work for himself
Community
haop or dolohan- datu's followings or his sakop
bongto or lungsod- two or more haop
gamuro-neighborhood
parentela- kindred
Sulit- a debt without interest, a sale without profit
Gaon- involuntary collateral seized until the debt was paid
Tukod- to make sure was to collect a debt from somebody other than the debtor
COMMUNITY
Baranggay- referred to the people themselves not the place where they lived
Parenteta- members of a haop were usually related
*men became ritual brothers, sandugo, by implying a few drops of each others blood in wine
*also take a common name, like some ring they exchanged or banana they ate, to become kasungar or
katawagan
*if they have to be separated from one another, they would swear a balata oath not to partake of a
certain could/drink till they met again
Non datus- who affected gold teeth were mocked as being yabyab
*everybody addressed seniors or respected person with polite tabi expressions

Kinship
amahan-father
inahan-mother
himaba- gift given by a suitor to his prospective father in law
uncles- oyo an
aunt- iya an
sons and daughters- anak
cousins- ig agaw
2nd cousins- in kiniray-a as igkampor
mabaw- related only to one parent/ half brother or sister
hablus- adopted
apohan- grandparent
apo- grandchildren
apo sa tuhod- great grandchild
apuy sa tuhod- great grandparent
son in law- nugang
parents in law- ugangan
numigang- bride service provided prior to marriage
son and daughter in law- umagad
bayaw-brother in law
hipag- sister in law
bilas-two men married to sisters
idas- two women married to brothers
balaye- parents who married their children off to one another's children
otod- a piece cut off something
bogto- “gut brothers” children of the same parents
agad- thwarts between the two sides of a boat
alagadun- to adjust or comform
*parents were simply manyanak
*sisters called their brothers oyo or titi
*brothers called their sisters akay
Mother to daughters- owa, wawa or paki

LAW
kabtangan-customs
kahimtang- nature
butang- to put something in its place
mestizos- children of datu and timawa, Spaniards and a visayan
alagalag- natural awe which juniors felt in the presence of seniors
hilas- ingrained reluctance to contradict parents
nagakahilas- ancestor spirit to keep a disrespectful descendant awake with a guilty conscience
kabtangan- to keep or preserve
batas- a decree regulating commerce
*datu acted as a judge in both civil claims in criminal case
Recognized crimes- murder, witch craft malicious vandalism
*crimes against upper class person were fined more heavily
*ohipon who murdered a datu was simply killed outright
*the only exception was death penalty who convicted witches
*adultery was not considered a crime but a personal offense
dangpas- root crops
ugnas- fallen fruit
sorok- banana coconut, sugar cane
hilugo- blood price
hingulaw- shame payment
kubot- marriage for long time lovers
dalaga- woman on a marriageable age
bugus- virgin woman
kiral- used by a lot of men
liaisons- substitute for marriage to avoid the formal expense

MARRIAGE
bugay-bride price
kukod- gift given to the wife-to-be's brothers
himaraw- payment in gold given to the mother for raising the prospective bride
Property and Labor
Namomoo-work in somebody else's house especially weaving
Lihog- hired hands and compensate those who helped by giving food or preparing a feast
Spanish dowry- (dote) property of a bride brought in to her marriage to be enjoyed by her husband
Pangoli- a gift to attract back a wife who had fled to her relatives

Inheritance
*children of both sexes inherited equally unless their parents specified in a will or bilin
*illegitimate children inherited only at the pleasure of the legal heiras

Property and Labor

Bahandi- imported porcelains,gongs and gold
Lito- resale
Linilito-pagtubos – person whose debt had been transferred many times
Luwas- payment liquidating slavery
Lubos- payment which transferred title to the one who paid it
Namomoo-work in somebody else's house especially weaving
Lihog- hired hands and compensate those who helped by giving food or preparing a feast
Himakdul- compensation given an agent
Hinguli- hazardous duty pay on expeditions
Tampok- (precious stone) was what he did for his monster