Tunnel Advancement in GeoEngineering 2014 Singapore - Kent Von Maubeuge-Final V1

Tunnel Sealing Systems with Geosynthetic
Barriers
Kent P. von Maubeuge

Convenor CEN TC 189 WG6 Barriers; Co-Chairman ASTM D35.04 GCLs
BoD Geosynthetic Institute; IGS Vice-chair Barriers, IGS Council Member,
Lecturer Geosynthetics University Bielefeld, Lecturer Geosynthetics University Ostwestfalen-Lippe
© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

Requirements of modern tunnel construction
Design service life: over 100 years

for…
…tunnel concrete construction
…tunnel sealing system
to protect …
…against penetrating water
…the inner tunnel constructions
…the electrical and signal systems
…against corrosion of all installations
A main requirement is to allow a safety

movement of vehicle during all service life.

CEN TC189/WG6 Application related standards
EN 13491
Geosynthetic Barriers — Characteristics required for use as a fluid
barrier in the construction of tunnels and associated underground
structures
Specifies the relevant characteristics of the barrier and the appropriate test methods
to determine these characteristics.
Seepage water tunnel Pressurized water tunnel
Cut and cover seepage water tunnel Cut and cover pressure water tunnel

Geomembrane seepage water seal (SWA) - Drained tunnel
Waterstops
(every 3rd concrete joint)
Tunnel membrane (e.g. Carbofol)
Nonwoven protection geotextile

(e.g. Secutex)
Umbrella sealing system

Geomembrane sealing against pressurized water (DWA) –
using expansion joint waterstops
Waterstops
Protection membrane (only bottom)

(e.g. Secutex)
hydrostatic waterproofing system with segmental water stops

Geomembrane sealing system against water pressure
(DWA-I) – with integrated injection system
Waterstops
Injection tube and connection
Tunnel membrane
Protection membrane (only bottom)
Design - Undrained waterproofing system

Geomembrane sealing system - cut and cover
construction, including portal sealing
Sealing against seepage water (SWA)

Secutex geotextile
Carbofol tunnel membrane
Secutex geotextile
drained waterproofing system cut and cover including portal sealing

Geomembrane sealing system - cut and cover construction
Sealing against water pressure (DWA)

Waterstops

(e.g. Secutex)

Terminology (ISO & CEN)
Geosynthetic Barriers
Geosynthetic Barrier
Polymeric Clay
Bituminous
Geosynthetic Barrier Geosynthetic Barrier
Geosynthetic Barrier
(aka geomembrane) (aka GCL)
- Nonwoven geotextile
- Bentonite
- Woven geotextile

Tunnel membranes raw materials
• PVC-P (Polyvinylchloride, plasticized)
• Natural consistent is hard, inflexible and breakable
• With Plasticizer achieve the material the flexibility
• Plasticizer could leach/migrate out

Tunnel membranes raw materials
• VLDPE (Very Low Density Polyethylene) – TPO
(Thermoplastic Polyolefin)
• Natural flexibility
• Without any plasticizer
• Approved long term durability >100 years

Tunnel membranes raw materialperformance
The following table shows the difference of PVC vs PE-TPO.

PVC TPO
temperature resistance <23°C >23C°
[°C]
pressure resistance <1N/mm² >1N/mm²
[N/mm²]
chemical resistance Sulphates <1500 mg/l Sulphates >1500 mg/l
[mg/l] Sodium <100 mg/l Sodium >100 mg/l
Chloride <50 mg/l Chloride >50 mg/l
Source: Bindschedler, Urs; Permanence of flexible Waterproofing Systems, 1999
Barrier against Medium and low water Up to very high water

gradients gradients
• Tunnel membranes are…
Produced with a lighten signal layer ( thickness ≤ 0,2mm )

Design - Requirements for the shotcrete shell
geometry of shotcreted
rounding radius (ra)
sealing carrier system
support
L ≥ 10a
arch
anchor ra
a ≤ 20a
rounding radius (ra)

≤20cm
• ensures stability of the excavated rock / tunnel
• all edges, anchor bodies etc. covered properly shotcrete

• grain size of cover layer 0/8 mm
Installing Carbofol® sealing systems
Installation of geotextiles with rondelles
Rondelles are
prefabricated with
nail and washer Installation scaffold

Installation of tunnel membrane
Welding of tunnel membrane

Installed tunnel membranes
in area of arches

Installation of waterstops
Testing the double seams

with compressed air

Assuring high quality
Association of waterproofing companies in Germany, Austria and
Switzerland
Main Focus:
- Developing of waterproofing quality standards
- Consulting desigers on all questions for tunnel barriers
- Increasing the technical relevance of waterproofing in tunnels

Approved quality of tunnel waterproofing
To achieve a high quality waterproofing
system it needs the right long term
durable membrane material and a
qualified installation service. Only with
both together is the wanted result
achievable.
Certification from the Working Group
Tunnel Barriers

Multi-component Bentofix GCL
WI 00189172
Clay Geosynthetic Barriers — Characteristics required for use as a
fluid barrier in the construction of underground structures (other than
tunnels and associated structures)
Specifies the relevant characteristics of the clay geosynthetic barriers (GBR-C) as
well as multicomponent geosynthetic clay barriers (e. g. a GBR-C with a polymeric or
bituminous geosynthetic barrier attached to it), and the appropriate test methods to
determine these characteristics.
Multi-component GBR-C
PE coating
Woven geotextile
Bentonite
Nonwoven geotextile

New
Tunnel - Installing Mestre bypass
Geomembrane A4systems
sealing
Tunnels cut and cover

Product Description Multicomponent GBR-C
Coating
Embossed friction surface
Slit film woven (2)
Nonwoven (1)

Waterproofing installation processes

Tunnel Sealing Systems with Geosynthetic Barriers
Kent P. von Maubeuge
Thank you for your kind attention.
Any Questions?

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Tunnel Sealing Systems with Geosynthetic

Kent P. von Maubeuge

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

Design service life: over 100 years

A main requirement is to allow a safety

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

Tunnel membrane (e.g. Carbofol)

Nonwoven protection geotextile

Umbrella sealing system

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

Protection membrane (only bottom)

Tunnel membrane (e.g. Carbofol)

Nonwoven protection geotextile

hydrostatic waterproofing system with segmental water stops

Injection tube and connection

Nonwoven protection geotextile

Protection membrane (only bottom)

Design - Undrained waterproofing system

Sealing against seepage water (SWA)

Carbofol tunnel membrane

drained waterproofing system cut and cover including portal sealing

Sealing against water pressure (DWA)

Nonwoven protection geotextile

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

• PVC-P (Polyvinylchloride, plasticized)

• Natural consistent is hard, inflexible and breakable

• With Plasticizer achieve the material the flexibility

• Plasticizer could leach/migrate out

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

• VLDPE (Very Low Density Polyethylene) – TPO

• Without any plasticizer

• Approved long term durability >100 years

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

The following table shows the difference of PVC vs PE-TPO.

Barrier against Medium and low water Up to very high water

• Tunnel membranes are…

Produced with a lighten signal layer ( thickness ≤ 0,2mm )

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

rounding radius (ra)

• all edges, anchor bodies etc. covered properly shotcrete

Installation of geotextiles with rondelles

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

Installation of tunnel membrane

Welding of tunnel membrane

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

Testing the double seams

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

Association of waterproofing companies in Germany, Austria and

- Developing of waterproofing quality standards

- Consulting desigers on all questions for tunnel barriers

- Increasing the technical relevance of waterproofing in tunnels

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

To achieve a high quality waterproofing

system it needs the right long term

durable membrane material and a

qualified installation service. Only with

both together is the wanted result

Certification from the Working Group

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com

© 2014 NAUE GmbH & Co. KG · www.naue.com