ASSIGNMENT

Topic: Primary Motion of Weaving

Course Title: Fabric Manufacturing -II
Course Code: TE313

Submitted To
Mr. Asit Ghosh
Sr. Lecturer
Department of TE
Daffodil International University

Submitted By
Md. Abu Rayhan
ID: 181-23-5278
Section: B
Department of TE
Daffodil International University
Date of Submission: 10-04-2020
Primary Motion
These are fundamental or essential mechanisms of loom. Without these mechanisms, it is
practically impossible to produce a fabric. It is for this reason that these mechanisms are called
Primary mechanisms.

Types of Primary Motion

Shedding Mechanism
The shedding mechanism separates the warp threads into two layers or divisions to form a tunnel
known as shed. The shed provides room for passage of the shuttle.
Types of Shedding Mechanism:
1. Tappet Shedding Mechanism:
a. Positive tappet shedding
b. Negative tappet shedding
2. Dobby shedding Mechanism:
a. Positive dobby shedding
b. Negative dobby shedding
3. Jacquard Shedding Mechanism:
a. Single lift and single cylinder (SLSC)
b. Double lift and single cylinder (DLSC)
c. Double lift and double cylinder (DLDC)
Tappet Shedding Mechanism (Negative)
When the bottom shaft is rotated in the clockwise direction, the tappets are also rotated. The tappet
will depress the anti-friction bowl and the treadle. Being fulcrumed at one end, the front portion
of the treadle moves down. This action is transferred to the lamb rod, the heald shaft and the leather
strap. So one heald shaft is lowered and the threads connected to this heald shaft are lowered and
form the bottom layer of the shed.
The leather straps attached to the reversing rollers are connected in opposite directions, i.e. when
leather strap is pulled down, it is unwound from its roller. The shaft therefore rotates in the
clockwise direction and the other leather strap is wound on to its roller. The heald shaft is raised
and therefore the lamb rod and treadle lever are also raised. The threads connected to the heald
shaft are also raised and form the top layer of the shed.
Dobby Shedding Mechanism (negative)
When the connecting rod moves up and down, T-lever gives outward & inward movement.
According to fabric design, when peg came in contact with the feeler, then the right portion of the
feeler is raised and the left portion is lowered. As hooks are supported with the feeler, hooks are
lowered. When the left end of feeler Q is lowered, then upper hook cam in contact with the upper
knife. In this state, when connecting rod moves down, the upper portion of T-lever gives outward
movement. As a result, upper portion of S-lever moves to the right. As the bulk lever is joined with
S-lever bulk lever also moves to the right side. Thus a pull creates on timber lever and link. As
outside and inside jack lever joined with timber lever & link, the lever moves up at the same time.
Thus the heald shaft raised up.
Jacquard Shedding Mechanism (SLSC
During the cycle of operation one of the faces of the cylinder together with a card is brought against
the needle board. If a hole is punched in the card the corresponding needle will project through in
the cylinder. The hook controlled by that needle will remain is such a position that its upper hooked
end punched will be caught by the raising knife. The punched position of the card will press back
the needle & consequently the hook controlled by that will be away from the path of the using
knife. Thus the hook gets selection according to the design cut for a particular card.
When the hooks are lifted by the knives the cylinder moves out a limited distance. A catch holds
it against the top corner of the cylinder. The cylinder is turned about its axis & new card is
presented to the needles during its next cycle.
By this time the griffin along with its knives descend to lower the warp threads to the bottom shed
line for a fresh warp threads to the bottom shed line for a fresh selection of the hook at the next
pick.
Picking Mechanism
Picking is the second primary motion in weaving. The action of inserting weft yarn through the
warp yarns is called picking.
Types of Picking Mechanism:
1. Over Picking Mechanism
Cone Over Picking Mechanism
2. Under Picking Mechanism
a. Cone Under picking Mechanism
b. Side Lever Under picking Mechanism
c. Side Shaft Under picking Mechanism

Cone Over Picking Mechanism

With the rotation of bottom shaft, picking tappet or cam rotates. In revolving picking tappet nose
strikes the cone shaped antifriction roller on the stud and partly rotates the picking shaft and the
picking lever. The picking arm moves from right side to left side of the loom. It will give angular
movement which causes the picker to move inward with sufficient velocity to drive the shuttle
across the loom. When the picker strikes the shuttle, the shuttle moves into the open shed through
race board and picking is done. The spring causes the picking arm and picker to move back after
the delivery of a pick.
Beat-up Mechanism
The beating up is the third primary motion of weaving. It consists in driving the last pick of weft
to the fell of the cloth.
Type of Beat-up Mechanism:
According to number of beat-up:
Single beat-up.
Double beat-up.
According to beat-up mechanism:
Conventional beat-up.
Cam beat-up.
According to movement of reed:
Real beat-up.
False beat-up.

Beat-up Mechanism
Crank shaft achieved motion from machine pulley. When crank shaft rotate due to the structure of
the crank it move forward and backward. Each crank connected with crank arm which is connected
with reed. So when crank shaft rotates reed move forward and backward. This is the beating-up
motion and the cloth increases in lengthwise in this way.

Reed cap

Reed
Crank shaft
Sword pin

Sley race Sley sword

Rocking shaft
THE END