Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BATANGAS

Oral Communication in Context Quarter 2

WEEK 5 and 6
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
GENERAL REMINDERS:
1. READ THE LECTURE FIRST BEFORE ANSWERING EACH ACTIVITY
2. WRITE YOUR ANSWERS ON A SHORT BOND PAPER/YELLOW PAPER
3. DO NOT FORGET TO WRITE YOUR NAME, SECTION AND THE SUBJECT TITLE-
ORAL COMMUNICATION ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET
4. COPYING YOUR CLASSMATE’S ANSWER AND LETTING SOMEONE COPY YOUR
ANSWERS ARE PROHIBITED. NO POINT IS TO BE GIVEN FOR THE ACTIVITY
WHICH HAS A DUPLICATE

After going through this LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET, you are expected to:
1. discuss the principles of effective speech writing;
2. analyze the importance of Audience Profile, Logical Organization, Duration, Word Choice and
Grammatical correctness) in writing a speech
3. compose a speech applying the principles of effective speech writing and delivery

PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE SPEECH WRITING

How do you think one should prepare for his or her speech? What will you consider in selecting
the topic for your speech? In this section, you will learn techniques and methods on how to make
your own speech. We are going to look closely at how you can write a speech masterpiece,
starting with how you should analyze your target audience up to refining your speech as to logical
organization, word choice and grammatical correctness.
WHAT IS IT?
A good speech requires days or even weeks of preparation depending on the topic and the
availability of materials needed. While many are expert enough to compose their speech a night
before they deliver it, seldom that it became very successful for a beginner writer. For this reason,
careful planning is important to come up with a well-written speech. When planning for writing
your speech, you should consider the following principles:
1. Audience Profile
Knowing your audience specifically their general age, gender, educational level, religion,
language, culture and group membership is one of the most important aspects in
developing your speech. Basically, this is done so that you can tailor-fit your speech
content and delivery to your audience. Analyzing your audience will help you discover the
information you can use to build a connection between you and members of your
audience.

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 2. Logical Organization
Once you have already analyzed your target audience, the next part is to organize your
speech manuscript. The logical organization or arrangement of thoughts when it comes to
speech writing can be defined as all aspects of your writing that help the reader move
smoothly from one sentence to the next, and from one paragraph to another. Thus,
carefully planning the content of your speech is also necessary.

The written speech has three parts: the introduction, body and conclusion. The role of
introduction and conclusion is mostly similar in many speeches, that is, the introduction
presents the main idea of your speech, while the conclusion reiterates the main idea. The
body offers definitions, examples, or any information that can help you convey your intent
and clarify the main concept of your speech.

The Introduction
The introduction is the most crucial part of the speech. It is generally only 10 to 15
percent of the time the speaker spends speaking. According to Wrench (2012), a good
introduction serves five functions: (1) you should be able to gain audience attention and
interest, (2), it states the purpose of your speech, (3) it establishes your credibility, (4) it
should provide reasons for your audience to listen and (5) your introduction should preview
the main idea of your speech.

The Body

The body of the speech is the core part of the speech that addresses the main
ideas and principles of the speech. It consists of the main points. This is presented using
methods of organization (Flores 2016).

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 Make sure that you move smoothly from one paragraph to another. Transitional
words are used to connect words, phrases or sentences. They help the reader to move
from one idea to the next to build coherent relationships within the text. Study the following
table showing examples of different transitional words and their functions.

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 The Conclusion
After writing the body of your speech following the methods of organization, the last
thing that you need to work on is how to end it. The conclusion functions as the summarizer of
the entire speech. The conclusion has to be written using different strategies (Tandoc, 2016).
 Present a summary
 Repeat the key ideas presented
 Repeat the central idea for emphasis
 Go back to the strategy used in the introduction
 Signal the end of your speech
 End with an impact
 Thought-provoking questions
 Humor
 Quotation
 A call for action
 A connection to a larger context
3. Duration
No matter how long the speech is, always divide it into five parts: an introduction,
the body (paragraph 2, paragraph 3, and paragraph 4) and a conclusion. This
format is adaptable to a speech of almost any length. By doing this, you can
actually monitor the time and length of your speech or the so-called Duration. Most
experts say that the ideal length of speech is up to 20 minutes. (GrayGrant, 2017).

4. Word Choice

There are a lot of vocabularies available to describe one's idea. However, the speaker
should carefully use the correct word in writing the speech. The use of conversational
language helps put the audience feel at ease and creates a special bond between the
speaker and the audience. However, there are things that you should consider in choosing
your words. The following words should be avoided in a written speech. (Tandoc, 2016)
a. Jargons or technical terms specific only for a group of people
b. Redundancy or excessive repetition of words
c. Language inappropriate for the audience
d. Language inappropriate for the occasion

Jargons are specific words or phrases used by a certain individual or group which are
difficult for others to understand. For example, the word idiopathic (which means unknown
cause) and hyperventilate (rapid breathing) are jargons because they are technical terms
in medical fields. The word affidavit (sworn) and circumstantial (specific details) are heard
commonly in legal aspect or terms in in the field of Law. These words can be confusing if
you are speaking in front of a general crowd or audience.

5. Grammatical Correctness
Using correct grammar when you give a speech is important to prevent misunderstanding
and misinterpretation between you and the audience. Good command of the language
helps listeners understand you quickly. Grammar inconsistencies slow down the

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 communication process and generate negative impressions for the audience, as your
ideas and thoughts are not clear and coherently conveyed.

LEARNING TASKS
DO THESE IN A CLEAN SHEET OF PAPER

ACTIVITY #1
Identification:
Directions: Identify the terms being referred to in the following statements. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
_______________ 1. It is one of the most important aspects in developing your speech
because you can tailor-fit your speech content and delivery to your listeners.
_______________ 2. In speech writing, it can be defined as all aspects of your writing that
help the reader move smoothly from one sentence to the next, and from one paragraph to
another.
_______________ 3. It is the core part of the speech that offers definitions, examples, or
any information that can help you convey your intent and clarify the main concept of your
speech.
_______________ 4. Its first major aim is to gain the attention of your audience and to
make them interested in what you have to say.
_______________ 5. It functions as the summarizer of the entire speech content.
________________ 6. When dealing with speech duration, the average length of speech
according to many experts is around____ minutes.
_______________ 7. These terms should be avoided in writing a speech because these
are intended only for a specific group of people and can never be understood by the
general audience.
_______________ 8. It is a method in organizing a speech which presents idea in time
order.
_______________ 9. It is a method in organizing a speech which divides the topic into
subtopics based on the importance or interest value.
_______________ 10. It is important to prevent misunderstandings and inconsistencies
between you and the audience. Good command of the language helps listeners
understand you quickly.

ACTIVITY #2

Answer the given questions on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Why is it important to analyze the audience profile before writing a speech?

2. If you are going to write a speech about the CoVID-19 vaccination program of
our government, what are the possible points that you will tackle in the body of
your speech? Give at least three (3) main points.
3. What do you think will possibly happen if the speaker unconsciously put some
jargons and technical terms in his or her speech or committed grammatical errors
or inconsistencies while writing his/her speech?

4. Why should you devote ample time writing your Introduction? Why is it
considered an important part of your speech?

SCORING CRITERIA: (10 points each number)

CONTENT: 5 points
ORGANIZATION: 3 points
GRAMMAR and MECHANICS: 2 points

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 ACTIVITY # 3

MULTIPLE CHOICE
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following components of speech writing requires you to look into the profile
of your target audience?
A. Audience Analysis C. Data Gathering
B. Audience Evaluation D. Selecting a topic

2. Which of the following components of speech writing refers to all the aspects of your
writing that help the reader move smoothly from one sentence to the next, and from one
paragraph to another?
A. Audience Analysis C. Logical Organization
B. Data Gathering D. Sentence Construction

3. Which of the following is NOT part of the five functions of good introduction?
A. Establish Credibility
B. Gain Audience Attention and Interest
C. Narrow down a topic
D. State the Purpose of your Speech

4. Which of the following is NOT part of the common strategies in making conclusion?
A. Present a summary.
B. Signal to end your speech
C. Repeat central idea for emphasis
D. Add another points to discuss.
5. Which of the following parts of your speech provides a definition, examples, or any
details that can help you deliver the purpose and the main idea of your speech?
A. Introduction C. Conclusion
B. Body of the Speech D. Thesis statement

6. Which among the following question is NOT part of audience analysis?

A. Who is the audience?
B. What does the audience know about the subject?
C. Why should they be interested?
D. What is their health status?

7. Which statement is NOT true about the body of the speech?

A. The most common number of key points is five.
B. The body of the speech is the core part of the speech.
C. If you have a long point in your speech, you will need to break that point into multiple
points.
D. If you have only one point in your speech, it will either be too short, or too complicated
for the audience to understand.

8. Which of the following provides the correct logical arrangement of a speech?

I. Body II. Conclusion III. Introduction IV. Ending
A. I, II, III and IV C. III, I, and II
B. IV, III, II and I D. I, II and III

9. Which of the following methods of speech organization refers to historical or time

approach (from past to the present) that presents ideas in time order?
A. Casual Oder C. Comparison and Contrast
B. Chronological Order D. Spatial/Geographical Order

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 10.Which of the following methods of speech organization involves a discussion of both
cause and effect of an issue?
A. Casual Oder C. Comparison and Contrast
B. Chronological Order D. Spatial/Geographical Order

11.Which of the following methods of speech divides the topic into subtopics based on the
importance or interest value or simply because the topic requires it?
A. Categorical/ Topical Order C. Comparison and Contrast
B. Chronological Order D. Spatial/Geographical Order

12.Which of the following methods of speech requires the speaker to go from one place
to another, from one direction to another?
A. Categorical/ Topical Oder C. Comparison and Contrast
B. Chronological Order D. Spatial/Geographical Order
13.Which of the following are transitional words for contradiction?
A. Moreover B. However C. Furthermore D. Again

14. Which of the following should be avoided in a written speech?

A. Jargons or technical terms specific only for a group of people
B. Redundancy or excessive repetition of words
C. Language inappropriate for the audience
D. All of the above

15.Which of the following statements is NOT true about speech writing?

A. Speech writing is a recursive process.
B. Speech writing involves audience analysis.
C. Speech writing should take into consideration grammatical correctness.
D. Speech writing can be done without considering the time of delivery.

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