SPECIFICATION

INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS FOR LUBE OIL TANK

VENT WITH SEPARATOR WITH AND WITHOUT A FLAME
ARRESTOR FOR ALL OF SOLAR TURBINES

Data
Control
Level SPECIFICATION NO. ES 1745 ISSUED: 06/29/79; ERL 3583-1
(Date and CR No.)

1 REVISION: C
(Letter, Date and Document No.)
Release A; 12/5/97; ERL 3583-2
Stamp
B; 06/10/96; PRD 61675-1 (DCR 96-1296)

Pages
Rev CR # Signature & Title Date
Affected
Prepared By: Donald Cameron This change has combined
C 8/16/05
Hydromechanical Engineer, Power Generation the following specifications:
Approved By: Mark Smolin, ES1741, ES1742, ES1745, ES1746,
11863 8/16/05
Program Manager, Power Generation ES1756, & ES1757.
Approved By: Jon Windt, The following pages were modified
8/16/05 1-4. Page 9 was added.
Engineer Product Manager, Oil & Gas

ATTENTION

This copyrighted work and the information herein is proprietary to Caterpillar Inc., Solar
Turbines Incorporated, and/or subsidiaries of either. Without express, written proprietor
permission, any copying, disclosure, or use except that for which it is loaned, is prohibited.

Caterpillar: Confidential GREEN

 Specification No. ES 1745

CONTENTS

Paragraph Page

1.0 SCOPE 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.1.1 Separator System 1

2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 1

3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1

3.1 Use of Specification 1

3.2 Installation Criteria 1

3.2.1 Vent Pipe Sizing 1

3.2.2 Effect of Pipe Bends 3
3.2.3 Vent Pipe Support 3
3.2.4 Vent Pipe Termination 3
3.2.5 Drainage of Separated Oil 4
3.2.6 Flame Arrestor Installation 4
3.2.7 Turbine Exhaust Draft Dispersion 4

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 Specification No. ES 1745

FIGURES

Figure Page

1 Vent Pipe Location 5

2 Vent Pipe Termination 6

3 Drainage of Separated Oil 7

4 Exhaust Draft Dispersion 8

5 Current end of line Flame Arrestor 9

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 Specification No. ES 1745

1.0 SCOPE - This specification establishes the installation instructions for all Solar Turbine
packages lube oil tank vent with separator and with & without a flame arrestor.

1.1 INTRODUCTION - Untreated discharge from the lube tank vents of Solar Turbine packages is a
mist of oil droplets generated in the bearing and seal cavities, entrained in air that has passed the
machines’ labyrinth seals. The discharge is made up of droplets ranging from 7 to 10 microns
diameter (the size of red blood cells or finely milled flour) down to fractions of a micron (the size of
tobacco smoke). Droplets 1 micron or larger comprise less than 1% of the total number of particles but
make up about 75% of the oil weight which, if dumped untreated, will deposit on surfaces in the vicinity
causing visible wetting in addition to a smoke cloud.

1.1.1 SEPARATOR SYSTEM - With typical oil mist, the separating action of a coalescer/filter will
remove all droplets greater than 3 micron, and 99.5% of droplets 3 micron and smaller. The
gravitational settling velocity for even the largest discharged particles is negligible, (less than 1/4 inch
per minute), so the engine discharged stream is subject to the prevailing wind. It normally has no
wetting effect if ducted clear of building surfaces.

2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS - None required.

3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1 USE OF SPECIFICATION - ES 1745 shall be used in accordance with the Project Order
mechanical drawing. In case of conflict between this specification and the applicable drawing, the
drawing shall prevail.

3.2 INSTALLATION CRITERIA -

3.2.1 VENT PIPE SIZING - Vent piping shall be based on the vent flow listed in the Control
Specification for each engine. Typically it ranges from 120 scfm to 500 scfm.

A factor of two is applied to the relevant flow, and the following calculation is used to calculate pipe size
and pressure loss. In no case shall the back pressure due to vent piping exceed 2 inch W.G. For
straight pipe with fairly smooth interior surface at pressure not exceeding 1 psig:

5
Q = 59.16 hd
L [1 + (3.6/d) + 0.03d]
or

h= ( ) Q
59.16
2
L[1 + ( 3.6 / d ) + 0.03d ]
d5
where Q = air flow, cubic feet per
minute
h = pressure drop, inches of water gage
L = length of pipe in feet
d = internal diameter of pipe in inches

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 Specification No. ES 1745

Using the Centaur flow (120 scfm) with a factor of 2, and solving for schedule 10 pipe of the
recommended size:

240 scfm in 6 inch size schedule 10 pipe

Inserting L = 100 feet and solving for h,

h x 8206
240 = 59.16
L x 1.776

Pressure drop per 100 feet pipe run = 0.356 inch W.G.

Thus, for a maximum back pressure of 2 inch W.G. using 6 inch size schedule 40 pipe and 2 x 120
scfm flow, a Centaur vent may be 560 feet of straight pipe.

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 Specification No. ES 1745

3.2.2 EFFECT OF PIPE BENDS - Although the pressure drops listed above are conservative due to
the factored flow rate, the added losses due to bends or junctions in the vent ducting shall be
considered. These losses are expressed as number of pipe diameters to be added to the actual pipe
length when computing pressure drop. Applicable losses, expressed in diameters, are as follows:

3.2.3 VENT PIPE SUPPORT - The external oil tank vent shall be self-supporting and have a minimum
upward slope of 1/4 inch per foot with no traps or restrictions.

3.2.4 VENT PIPE TERMINATION - A properly installed vent separator system will be able to prevent
wetting of the surroundings at the point of vent pipe termination, but attention shall still be paid to the
location and geometry of the exit. It is recommended that wherever possible, the exit shall be above
roof or eave level, down wind with respect to the prevailing wind, and routed such that oil vapors will
not mix with the turbine inlet or exhaust gases. Suggested vertical and horizontal clearances above
roof structure and from adjacent vertical surfaces shall be as follows (see Fig. 1):

Min. Height Min. Upwind Min. Downwind

6 feet 8 feet 15 feet

The exit shall afford protection from entry of rain and snow by means of a shield or pipe geometry.
Alternatively, a proper dam and drain shall be included to prevent water from draining back into the
lube tank (see Fig. 2). Every exit shall carry a screen to prevent entry of birds, trash, etc.

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 Specification No. ES 1745

3.2.5 DRAINAGE OF SEPARATED OIL - No adverse effects have been noted from reusing
separated oil. Provision shall be made on remote-mounted separator installations to pipe the oil
back to tank. The separator drain port may be connected via a U-trap either to the main vent pipe
upstream of the separator or by piping to any available drain connection on the tank top (see
Figure 3). Package mounted separators include drain piping which provides the same function as
the external U-trap specified above. Where separated oil is to be returned via the main vent line,
special attention shall be paid to avoiding low points in the vent system where liquid oil may be
trapped. Vent piping slope back to tank shall be 1/4 inch per foot run, as a minimum.

3.2.6 FLAME ARRESTOR INSTALLATION - A flame arrestor may be required or requested to

prevent flashback of atmospherical deflagrations into the lube oil tank. Two types of flame
arrestors may be installed on Solar packages: an older style in-line flame arrestor (reference Solar
part number 120369-x), or a newer style end-of-line flame arrestor (reference Solar part number
1065667-x). As indicated by the name, the end-of-line flame arrestor is installed at the exit of the
vent duct. The in-line flame arrestor should be installed in the vent ducting as close to
the end as possible, and in no case more than 15 feet from the exit.

3.2.7 TURBINE EXHAUST DRAFT DISPERSION – (In-Line Flame Arrestor Only)

CAUTION
When residual discharge from a recommended coalescer/filter unit is to be dispersed by
exhaust draft, it is mandatory that an approved flame arrestor be installed in the vent
ducting as close to the end as possible, and in no case more than 15 feet from the exit.
End-of-line flame arrestors may not be used for this application, since the max allowable
operating temperature of mixtures may not exceed 60C for this device. Under no
circumstances shall treated tank vent air from a recommended coalescer/filter be
brought directly into the turbine exhaust draft for dispersion.

When exhaust draft dispersion is specified, the vent piping shall be brought from the specified
flame arrestor to the plane of the end of the turbine exhaust duct on the upwind side and
discharged adjacent to the exhaust. On a round exhaust the pipe shall be tangential, and for

rectangular ducting it shall be substantially parallel to one wall. It is recommended that final fit-up
of the vent pipe be adjusted at package startup to obtain maximum benefit from the induced airflow
around the exhaust (see Figure 4). In no case shall the vent pipe be directed across the exhaust
duct.

Under no circumstances shall treated tank vent air from a

recommended coalescer/filter be brought directly into the turbine
exhaust draft for dispersion.

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 Specification No. ES 1745

Figure 1 Vent Pipe Location

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 Specification No. ES 1745

Figure 2 Vent Pipe Termination

(In Line Flame Arrestor Only)

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 Specification No. ES 1745

Figure 3 Drainage of Separated Oil

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 Specification No. ES 1745

Figure 4 Exhaust Draft Dispersion

(In-line flame arrestor only)

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 Specification No. ES 1745

FIGURE 5 Current End of Line Flame Arrestor