Jrcleperdtenre Bonglodeh

The afer ewnl d

vè tory h e nihe month lon eratkn wm
Bangladesh aehieved
Pangah1ndhu
Sheil h Myylur
n 6 Dec ember 1971, H
hs retam to Eomglades
leaset frorm prison, and
th
KO hmn wos

s Fesv 'netal Presjdent.

on /2, he assumed the ole
10 thh 19

frime Minister, Jndhan torres trnfrned

and ater took offlce
a s
dn 17 Mareh 127?, As
conto to Bargladesh, Army faced varåuS ehollenAes,
state, Banga bandhM
awaP-tor
fos,
Re ha blitat on of mil lions of pesple, Orgon tng supply
the aftar
shelter, medical aids & other neresit os. rpaining
the
the devastating cyckne oh 1970 ,and develeping
effects
war deBeriorate d economy

Bongladesh in UN avd NAM. He also

Bargabordhu helped entering
to
rove lel to the UsA the OK, and Europ fan rsunt res
humonit aridn and dewlopmental asCistance, Bongamuthu
Obtan
also cianed a
Treaty o fiend s hip wik Inda. Thus Inta

eronoicd humanitairion assist f

plledged xtengi ve

and began trainrg Security

forres and ererms
Born lodesh,
oernment Persennel Bangladesh,

bandhu outlihed state pry rummes o expand erimany

Ban g
sanítatlom, f»dy healtheare, water and electnè saen
edueation ,
 and forused staBe nvestments en ido agrirulture,
industres in a five-
rural infrastrueture and esttage
year plan releaced in 1973.

The famne of 1974 and Left on whg nsurgeny

view on Gvernanee
pTfoundly affeeted Banga bandh u's
n espo h Se, to
inerease his powens, Banga band hu
assumed Presideney and declaned state f emer gerey
kanred,
were tte only lega lized
and
All opposition partBes
BAKSAL (Bangladesh krikak Srumijl Axard lengue
polftica party was

rural masses, and tsk contr

wheh iden tified itself with
A militial force named
o overnment maehinery
Bahin) formed t eamp down
atiyo Rakkhi
was

ostfons whieh evoked anger amongst vetenan

pol tfcal
politiclons, whe saw it as a etrayal of demoenuey and

civil rights. Moreover, Jatiyo Rakkhi Bahini was

aceused otortuPng and kilg suspects and liticans.

On 15 August, a gmeup of Junion Army dficers nvadal

Pres/dentfal Residente wíth tenks , and Eflled Bangakamdhu
Sheith Mujibur Rakman and his whole famiy The only
family members who survived the attark were Sheikh
6tasina and SheîEh Rehand, who ere in lest (hermiay

The attack was planned by disgusted Awaw lengue

coleagues and Military officers. The plsters alo ineludel
clse assoc iate ofy Ehundaker Mestag, Ahmad, who was
Affoi Bangalardhu
he Foreigh Minister oMujinagar Gavernmant duny r e
LfberatEn Wor
After a series o counter coups. and pslmeal assassinats

order was restored in 1973 nder

steff
Contr of Aemy Chef 3iaur Rahman . Ziau Pledged Army
support to the eivilan headed by ustde Sayem. On Zu's

strurion,ustke &ayen dissuved the Parhiament and fhstituted

Maetiol Law ,promising elections in 1977
Zlaur became the MHary
ASter Oustiee Sayem retired,
rulera.He announeed 19- pait program econamie rerom,
orn,
and stor bed slowly dismantling Martio
Vowingm di
acHit

After beesming President, aur igned indemnity ondinante,

aiirg immunity ts the conspiraters behînd Bangakandhu's ing
 iaur ept- his Promise a helding eleetfon, ond Wen

a five year term o n June 12 78 enyBorgladah

beaf eff
Notinalit Party CBNP), Then he removed all previous
restri tions polifiea aetivities, Significont achevemets
on

hls Hme were estoblishmen SAARC, devolkpmat gpicaltr od Khal Kat

Pet
In May 1%1, 2iaur Rahman was assassinated în

and according to Consttuton, Vie- President

Chittagang,
sworn ih actin9 president, who deelared
bdus attn was as

lectidn
a natlonal and called for a presfdential
emerg ency
within 6 months, Abdus Saftar won the electfon
as
BN P
tanddate,
Stafk Lieutenant Geneva Hussa'h
The then Army Chie f
blosdt (ess
power in eoup
a
Muhammad Ers had assumed

on 24 Mareh 1982, citing the °grave politiea, ersmorm it and

seefetal erísis thot the naton wras in,

Ershad's takeover was generally viewed as a_positive

develpment due to the geriaus ecsnome diff1cu'ty.
02 weeks before the cosp, TE, the then feime
Minister anneunced that the eountry was
dacmg signsflcant fad
shortage. Government foced 'a hudgek defie it of4 Slln
Taea n ) and JNF declared thet **ld het provide any ore
loan until the dtues were pafd
|Lfke h's eredece scofs, Ershdd alcosus pended the consti tutis,
is
under Martial Law. yor
and ruled the euntry a

acttons were privatising the largely (7*2)s tate orcuped

econsmy, eneourag ingprivate invest ments and forelgn imeaa

sti
Investment, Safe quarding manufaeturng
y
alss task step
proter tionist laws Like econsmy Ershad
to aradually decentraliee the 8overnent. Mest de 1984,".
Ershad vegñme saw rortieipatlon of op osit*n partor
oaolertfins. e gradua lly ieraliced pelitial artiites
ralles),
Cireluding kelding arge pulht
In May 196, Parhamemdary electio, and in detsber 1986, Presla
eleeten wene held, and Enhad partle(pated , headihg his ow Jativa

Party As tk peeen eleetisn was not eld unde an inpatia

tnterim government, BNP lbyrotted the elertion, so
two third majorit o a tiya farty in
tkere was a t g
favlh am en
E rshad
n Vovember 19%6) using their majsrity, government
the c6nstitution, confirmed his prev1 aetfon duri
amended

martial law. e Then Ershad Ufler Martial lau, and

ts k their seats In Wational Asermby.
he oppo 3)tfon parties
However, in Duly 1987, Ershad verhnewt hasty possed
con trsve Psia) il} to înelude military representa tive
Comporien
on ocal administu tfoh Crert Myannar ) Prstest against
tAis bil unified al the oppos/tien partles
for the

first time,
Ershad diso/ed the arlanent
state of emergeny,
Dec laring 19%. As oppositidn par tes
elections for Mareh
and ehed u led
participatfen, the nuling Jatiya farby nn ve

refuwed to oppos tn,

numerous
bills witleut
overwhelmingly, and
passed

domesti poltiasítuatián
seemed to ke quied,
By 1982, the campagn by e !
intensifying ppositisn
but by 1990, and hedPlkbn
e/iNedin Sho mul Hen forred rhd fo
studems (AMe to Cae Dheks mn Siiyns @
on Mn
w)

On 2F RLruowy 191, an elecis,

6 c e m l 1990,
step dew on

mterln government
headed by chief Justice
held by
dmectiea lly and imernattonely
was

shoha buddinAthmed, which was

faie electn, BNP formed the
obyerved fo le the mot free and
maate-Jsbmi,
with Suppopt from Ja
oVernment

Ershad served. on erison senterre on the

Frher Pressdent
and ih Detaber 1921, the arliamen?
charge coPruptfons
a s Presdemk
Thus te demera hie
Rahman Bisvoo
elected Aldur
era n lkdesh started,
Bang