Republic of the Philippines

FELIX O. ALFELOR SR. FOUNDATION COLLEGE, INC.

San Juan Avenue, Sipocot, Camarines Sur

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

MODULE IN FGE 7: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY

A. COURSE OVERVIEW
This module presents the general concepts and principles needed to study and
understanding of science, technology, and society. It is designed to enable students acknowledge
and appreciate the scientific and technological development from the perspective of its historical
developments up to 21st century and its impact to the humans and its society.
Happy learning at home!
B. COURSE CALENDAR
WEEK DATE TOPIC ASSESSMENT
1 February 16 &  Discussion of PCVVMGO of Familiarization of the
18, 2021 the university PCVVMGO
 Creation of online classroom
based on the student’s list from
the registrar.
 Discussion of course syllabus
and classroom rules.
2 February 23 &  Science, Technology, and its Reflection paper
25, 2021 Significance to Society in Quiz
Contemporary world
3 March 2 & 4,  Evidence of Science and Venn Diagram
2021 technology during Pre-historic Reaction Paper
Times
4 March 9 & 11,  Evidence of Science and Compare and
2021 technology during Ancient Contrast
Times Crossword Puzzle
Quiz
5 March 16 & 18,  The Contribution of Greek, Letter
2021 Persia and Romans in the
Development of Science and
Technology
6 March 23 & 25,  The Contribution of Arabs, Blog
2021 Chinese and Hindu in the Reflection Paper
Development of Science and
Technology
 7 March 30 &  Evidences of Science and Reflection Paper
April 1, 2021 Technology during Pre-
Columbian Times
8 April 6 & 8,  The State of Science and Reflective Journal
2021 Technology during Middle
Ages
9 April 13 & 15,  The Advance of Science and Portfolio
2021 Technology During the
Renaissance
10 April 20 & 22,  The LEAP of Science and Journal Writing
2021 Technology during the Quiz
Scientific Revolution
11 April 27 & 29,  The Impact of Science and Compare and
2021 Technology on Society during Contrast
the Industrial Revolution
12 May 4 & 6,  Science, Technology, and Reaction Paper
2021 Society in the 20th Century
13-18 May 11- June  Current Issues Arising from the Reflection Paper
17, 2021 Application of Science and Essay
Technology Research Paper

C. TEACHING TEAM/PROF./INSTRUCTOR

MS. ROANNE MAE SJ. REYES, LPT.

College Instructor
She is a part-time college instructor in Felix O.
Alfelor Sr. Foundation College, Inc. She has a bachelor
degree in Secondary Education major in English. She is
currently affiliated at the College of Education and Business
Administration, handling General Education and Professional
Education subjects. She is guided by the saying, “you can
teach a student a lesson for a day; but if you can teach him to
learn by creating curiosity, he will continue the learning
process as long as he lives.”
WEEK 1.
Discussion of PCVVMGO
The first week is intended for the orientation of University Philosophy, Core Values,
Vision, Mission, Goals and Objectives. As well as directives of the classroom policy of the
teacher.
Philosophy: Education: Green light to a brighter future
Core Values: Honesty
Leadership
Excellence
Faith in God

Vision: The Felix O. Alfelor Sr. Foundation College, Inc. is a dynamic institution that develops
and produces well-rounded, productive, nature and God-loving, and value-oriented individuals.
Mission: To create a learning environment that promotes quality, relevant and responsive
instruction through a democratic leadership; committed, effective and competent teaching non-
teaching staff; and equally supportive stakeholders.
Goal: Develop individuals with functional knowledge, skills and values to become globally
competent and well-rounded graduates.
Objectives:
 Ensure the provision of quality instruction and service through the effective and efficient
management of the institution;
 Motivate individuals to further hone their talents, critical thinking, creativity and
leadership skills;
 Provide avenues for societal development through research, production, and extension.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

 All activities include should be carefully read and performed accordingly.

 Activities should be in font size 12 and font style “Times New Roman”. Don’t forget to
type your name, year & section, week no., and date.
 Agree with your classmates to create a GC named “SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND
SOCIETY” and add me on. Your subject instructor will provide you further instructions
or activities through it. Update and check the GC from time to time.
 Deadline is deadline. Late submissions will no longer be catered.
 Don’t hesitate to ask questions

Stay safe at home ☺. God Bless!

WEEK 2.
LESSON 1: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO SOCIETY IN
CONTEMPORARY WORLD
CONTENT STANDARD:
The learners demonstrate an understanding of the meaning of science, technology, and its
significance.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
The students will be able to:
1. State the meaning of Science and Technology;
2. Describe some notable developments of science and technology and its significance to
the society;
3. Describe some disadvantages of science and technology.
Word bank:
Science, technology, wheel, compass, printing press, combustion engine, telephone, penicillin.
DISCUSSION
A. The meaning of Science and Technology
 Science, technology, and society (STS), also referred to as science and technology
studies, is the study of how social, political, and cultural values affect scientific reseach
and technological innovation, and how these, in turn, affect society. STS scholars are
interested in a variety of problems including the relationships between scientific and
technological innovations and society, and the directions and risks of science and
technology. The field of STS is related to history and philosophy of science although
with a much broader emphasis on the social aspects of science and technology.
 Science, technology, and society refers to the interaction between science and technology
and social cultural, political and economic contexts which shape and are shaped by them;
specific examples throughout human history of scientific and technological
developments.
B. Meaning of Science
 Science is a systematized body of knowledge.
 Science is an organized and dynamic inquiry (following scientific method)
 Science is knowledge gained through observation and experimentation.
 Science is a human activity; scientist
 Science is a social enterprise: people, knowledge, skills, facilities, apparatuses, and
technologies.
 Science leads to formation of concepts, methods, principles, theories, law and procedures
which seek to describe and explain nature and its phenomena.
C. Meaning of Technology
 Technology as material products; results of scientific inquiry; hardware produced by a
scientist.
 Technology as the application of knowledge in solving scientific and practical problems
that will help humans to survive and improve his life.
 Technology as a social enterprise – Technology is a complex system of knowledge,
skills, people, methods, tools, materials, and resources applied and allocated to the
development, operation and production of a new or improved product, process, or
services.
 Technology as modern technology based on the advances of science since the end of
WWII to the present.
D. Some of the notable human successes in the field of science and technology
Humans are ingenious species. Humans (Homo Sapiens) have dreamed up and created
some amazing and far-out things. From the moment someone bashed a rock on the ground to
make the first sharp-edged tool, to the debut of the wheel of the development of Mars rovers and
the Internet, several key advancements stand out as particularly revolutionary. Here are some of
most important inventions of all time, along with the science behind the invention and how they
came about.
THE WHEEL – the concept of inventing the wheel came during 3500 B.C. humans were
severely limited in how much stuff they could transport over land, and how far. The idea came to
connect a non-moving platform to a rolling cylinder. People then invented the wheel and axle
which is the concept of making wheels. The holes at the center of the wheels and the ends of the
fixed axles had to be nearly perfectly round and smooth for the wheels to work. Wheeled cars
facilitated agriculture and commerce by enabling the transportation of goods to and from
markets, as well as easing the burden of people traveling great distances.
THE COMPASS – before, mariners navigate with the star, but that method didn’t work during
the day or on cloudy nights. The Chinese invented the first compass sometime between the 9 th
and 11th century; it was made of lodestone, a naturally-magnetized iron ore, the attractive
properties of which they had been studying for centuries. Soon after, the technology passed on to
the Europeans and Arabs through nautical contact. The compass enabled mariners to navigate
safely far from land, increasing sea trade and contributing to the Age of Discovery.
THE PRINTING PRESS – it was Johannes Gutenberg, a German who invented the printing
press around 1440. Though others before him – including inventors in China and Korea – have
developed the movable type made from metal, Gutenberg was the first to have created a
mechanized process that transferred the ink (which he made from linseed oil and soot) from the
movable type to paper. Printing presses exponentially increased the speed with which book
copies could be made, and thus led to the rapid and widespread dissemination of knowledge for
the first time in history.
THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE – in these engines, the combustion of fule releases
a high-temperature gas, which, as it expands, applies force to a piston, moving it. thus,
combustion engines convert chemical energy into mechanical work. Decades of which took its
(essentially) modern form in the latter half of the 19th century. The engine steered in the
industrial age which enabled the invention of a huge variety of machines, including modern cars
and aircraft.
THE TELEPHONE – Alexander Graham Bell was the first to be awarded a patent for the
electric telephone in 1876. Though several inventors did pioneering work on electronic voice
transmission, the invention quickly took off, and revolutionized global business and
communication.
PENICILLIN – In 1928, the Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming noticed a bacteria-filled Petri
dish in his laboratory, the sample had become contaminated with a mold, and everywhere the
mold was, the bacteria was dead. That antibiotic mold turned out to be the fungus Penicillium,
and over the next two decades, chemists purified it and developed the drug Penicillin, which
fights a huge number of bacterial infections in humans without harming the humans themselves.
Penicillin was being mass produced and advertised by 1994.
THE INTERNET – is the global system interconnected computer networks used by billions of
people worldwide. It is impossible to credit the invention of the internet to a single person, as
countless people helped develop it. In the 1960s, a team of computer scientist working for the
U.S. Defense Department’s ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) built a
communications network to connect the computers in the agency, called ARPANET. It used a
method of data transmission called “packet switching”. ARPANET was the predecessor of the
Internet that eventually emerged to become the “Information superhighway”
ECO-FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGIES/ADVANCES: These are sustainable technologies. This
technology utilizes resources from the environment without causing negative effects to it. Some
of these are:
 Solar energy – use of solar panels to provide electricity
 Geothermal energy – heat within the earth, use for bathing, heat buildings, and to
generate electricity.
 Wind power – wind mills as source of energy
E. Disadvantages and Ethical dilemmas of Science and Technology
1. Threats to human survival – the inventions of nuclear weapons in 1945, like the nuclear
bombing of Nagasaki and Hiroshima that caused deaths of many people. This was
product of chemical and biological warfare (bio-warfare); toxic wastes produced by
manufacturing companies that threaten human survival and stability of the environment.
2. Ethical dilemmas – exploitation of advanced scientific knowledge and technological
devices and systems gave rise to situations in which advances seem to have turned
against their beneficiaries, creating ethical dilemmas. The negative effects of technology
are numerous. In our march to progress we have degraded the natural world. Forests are
chopped down, topsoil is washed away, rivers are polluted and our waste is dumped in
the oceans.
3. Disparities in human well-being – there are advanced countries enjoying science and
technology based success and hold high esteem in contemporary society (Economic
 Strength), versus millions of people in less developed countries who have not partaken
these benefits.
4. Social and cultural conflicts – military power is vital for national security of many
governments; superior and highly technical weapons dictated the outcomes of some
recent wars.
5. Innovating technologies can have negative consequences for certain sectors or
constituencies:
 Include pollution associated with production processes,
 Increased unemployment from labor-saving new technologies,
 Conversion of agricultural land into urban areas,
 Effects on humans psychologically and emotionally – the usage and addiction of
new gadgets,
 Effects of overused technologies in medical industry that cause fatal births and
diseases.
 Global warming.

DO YOU KNOW?
In the Philippines, people turn to science and technology for warning advice
and assistance during calamities and disaster. We have some government agencies
responsible for giving us advice and information. These are the Philippine Institute of
Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), Department of Science and Technology
(DOST) AND PHILIPPINES Atmospheric Geophysical Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA).
We have built windmills and transit trains that provide us means of source of
energy and transport.